Exam 29: The Working Plant

Which one of the following is a plant micronutrient?

-A scientist finds seeds of an unknown plant on top of the soil in a desert.She measures the concentration of two hormones in these seeds.After it rains,she collects more of these seeds,and finds that the concentration of the two hormones has changed.A graph of her results is shown above.Identify the most likely hormones measured by the scientist.

Which of the following plant hormones affect(s)development in the plant body? I)auxin II)cytokinin III)gibberellin

Examine the figure below.When considering the shaded side of a grass shoot,which of the following best describes why it bends toward the light?

Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. In the late 1800s, Charles Darwin and his son Francis conducted the first experiments on phototropism. Several years later, their work was furthered by Peter Boysen-Jensen, Arpad Paal, and Frits Went. Peter Boysen-Jensen separated the tip of grass shoots from the rest of the plant using either tiny blocks of agar (a gelatin) or a mica wafer (an impervious rock). Like the Darwins, Boysen-Jensen noticed that the grass did not grow toward a light without its tips. However, when he separated the tip from the rest of the plant using agar, the grass would grow toward a light. The grass would not grow toward a light if the tip of the shoot was separated using a mica wafer. Arpad Paal cut off the tips of grass shoots that were growing in the dark. He placed these cut tips back on the shoots, but with only part of the tip covering the cut surface, and found that the plants grew, in the dark, in the opposite direction from the side with the tip covering it. Lastly, Frits Went removed the tips of many grass shoots and placed them on a large block of agar for a few hours. Then, he cut up the agar block, and was able to make grass shoots without any tips at all grow toward a light by putting these agar blocks on the cut surfaces of the shoots (i.e., no tips were placed back on the shoots, only the agar). -If Paal grew his plants using a light source that was directly overhead,what should he have observed?

Which of the following best describes the role of plant root nodules in plants such as peas and beans?

A location in a plant where sugar is being received for storage or consumption is ________.

Scenario Questions Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Nitrogen shortage is a common nutritional problem for plants. In crops, a nitrogen deficiency can result in stunted growth as well as lower nutritional content. Farmers sometimes apply fertilizers containing nitrogen as well as other essential nutrients, such as phosphorus and potassium. Compost can also be used to fertilize soils. Compost consists of vegetable matter that adds nutrients to soil as it is decomposed by microorganisms, fungi, and animals. Certain plants, including legumes such as peas and beans, house nitrogen-fixing bacteria in swellings called "root nodules." The bacteria have enzymes that help convert atmospheric N₂ to ammonium ions that can be readily used by the plants. The plant, in turn, provides the bacteria with other nutrients. When conditions are favorable, root nodule bacteria fix so much nitrogen that the nodules secrete excess ammonia. -Some farmers practice crop rotation,alternating between planting nonlegumes such as corn or wheat one year and legumes the next year.What is the advantage of crop rotation?

In phytoremediation,plants are used to remove ________ and ________ from the soil.

Most plants rely on bacteria to supply them with a usable form of which of the following substances?

Which of the following hormones promotes seed germination?

Three very popular strawberry cultivars grown by farmers in the United States are Earliglow,Ozark Beauty,and Tristar.Earliglow produces all of its fruit in the early summer (June-bearing).Ozark Beauty produces fruit from mid to late summer (everbearing).Tristar produces fruit all summer long,starting when conditions become favorable for flowering and fruit production.What is the best classification for these three strawberry cultivars?

Which of the following best describes the conversion that occurs during nitrogen fixation?

Which of the following hormones promotes cell elongation in stems?

In a strawberry plant in the summer,the leaves are ________ and the strawberry fruits are ________.

The three most important nutrients contained in fertilizers are ________.

Which of the following best describes transpiration?

-Examine the figure above.Which of the following add ammonium to the soil by decomposing organic matter?

Which of the following convert soil ammonium to nitrate?

Scenario Questions Read the following scenario to answer the following questions. Nitrogen shortage is a common nutritional problem for plants. In crops, a nitrogen deficiency can result in stunted growth as well as lower nutritional content. Farmers sometimes apply fertilizers containing nitrogen as well as other essential nutrients, such as phosphorus and potassium. Compost can also be used to fertilize soils. Compost consists of vegetable matter that adds nutrients to soil as it is decomposed by microorganisms, fungi, and animals. Certain plants, including legumes such as peas and beans, house nitrogen-fixing bacteria in swellings called "root nodules." The bacteria have enzymes that help convert atmospheric N₂ to ammonium ions that can be readily used by the plants. The plant, in turn, provides the bacteria with other nutrients. When conditions are favorable, root nodule bacteria fix so much nitrogen that the nodules secrete excess ammonia. -Which approach could an organic farmer use to deal with nitrogen deficiency?