Question 1

Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  systemic lupus erythematosus 
B)  anaphylaxis 
C)  type 1 diabetes 
D)  multiple sclerosis 
A)  systemic lupus erythematosus 
B)  anaphylaxis 
C)  type 1 diabetes 
D)  multiple sclerosis

Question 2

An individual can receive injections of an antiserum or purified antibodies derived from an immune individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Antibodies are found in

Accepted Answer

A)  milk. 
B)  mucosal secretions. 
C)  serum. 
D)  milk, mucosal secretions, and serum. 
A)  milk. 
B)  mucosal secretions. 
C)  serum. 
D)  milk, mucosal secretions, and serum.

Question 4

The inducing antigens that react with an antibody are called heterologous antigens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In antigen binding, MHC protein binds to the T cell epitope, whereas the TCR binds the MHC motif.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

An epitope is ________ amino acids long.

Accepted Answer

A)  3-5 
B)  10-15 
C)  50-60 
D)  700 
A)  3-5 
B)  10-15 
C)  50-60 
D)  700

Question 7

B cells react with antigens through TCR antigen receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Clonal anergy is a state of

Accepted Answer

A)  antibody production. 
B)  high energy. 
C)  unresponsiveness. 
D)  high energy and antibody production. 
A)  antibody production. 
B)  high energy. 
C)  unresponsiveness. 
D)  high energy and antibody production.

Question 9

All antigens are immunogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The antigen-binding site of all antibodies form by interactions between the variable domains of the heavy and light chains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the primary chemical mediators released from mast cells during a type I hypersensitivity reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  antibodies 
B)  interleukin I and tumor necrosis factor 
C)  histamine and serotonin 
D)  cytokines 
A)  antibodies 
B)  interleukin I and tumor necrosis factor 
C)  histamine and serotonin 
D)  cytokines

Question 12

A patient is waiting for a kidney transplant. In order for the transplant to be successful, the donated kidney (the graft) must ʺmatchʺ with the recipient. What has to ʺmatchʺ between the donor and the recipient? Why is matching tissue more difficult than matching blood types?

Accepted Answer

The immune system uses major histocompat

Question 13

The two-stage thymic selection process for selecting self-tolerant, antigen-reactive T cells results in

Accepted Answer

A)  allelic exclusion. 
B)  clonal deletion. 
C)  complementarity-determining regions. 
D)  somatic hypermutation. 
A)  allelic exclusion. 
B)  clonal deletion. 
C)  complementarity-determining regions. 
D)  somatic hypermutation.

Question 14

Somatic hypermutation mechanisms generate TCR diversity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The life-threatening condition that may develop during a type I hypersensitivity reaction is called

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphylaxis. 
B)  septic shock. 
C)  stroke. 
D)  toxic shock. 
A)  anaphylaxis. 
B)  septic shock. 
C)  stroke. 
D)  toxic shock.

Question 16

The purposeful artificial stimulation of active immunity to a particular infectious disease is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  immunodeficiency. 
B)  hypersensitivity. 
C)  immunization. 
D)  opsonization. 
A)  immunodeficiency. 
B)  hypersensitivity. 
C)  immunization. 
D)  opsonization.

Question 17

Why are the chances of an immune response in a patient given between 10μg and 1g of an immunogen (drug) higher than a patient given higher than 1g or lower than 10μg of the same drug?

Accepted Answer

Extremely high (>1g) or low (<

Question 18

A woman is being treated for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). She has an increased risk of opportunistic infections. Based on what you know about SLE and the treatment for it, propose why she has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.

Accepted Answer

SLE is a systemic autoimmune disease tha

Question 19

A serum containing antigen-specific antibodies is called an

Accepted Answer

A)  antiserum. 
B)  antitoxin. 
C)  antiantigen. 
D)  anticoagulase. 
A)  antiserum. 
B)  antitoxin. 
C)  antiantigen. 
D)  anticoagulase.

Question 20

An individual usually expresses ________ structurally distinct allele(s) that encode class I MHC proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six

Exam 27: Adaptive Immunity: Highly Specific Host Defenses

Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease?

An individual can receive injections of an antiserum or purified antibodies derived from an immune individual.

Antibodies are found in

The inducing antigens that react with an antibody are called heterologous antigens.

In antigen binding, MHC protein binds to the T cell epitope, whereas the TCR binds the MHC motif.

An epitope is ________ amino acids long.

B cells react with antigens through TCR antigen receptors.

Clonal anergy is a state of

All antigens are immunogens.

The antigen-binding site of all antibodies form by interactions between the variable domains of the heavy and light chains.

What are the primary chemical mediators released from mast cells during a type I hypersensitivity reaction?

A patient is waiting for a kidney transplant. In order for the transplant to be successful, the donated kidney (the graft) must ʺmatchʺ with the recipient. What has to ʺmatchʺ between the donor and the recipient? Why is matching tissue more difficult than matching blood types?

The two-stage thymic selection process for selecting self-tolerant, antigen-reactive T cells results in

Somatic hypermutation mechanisms generate TCR diversity.

The life-threatening condition that may develop during a type I hypersensitivity reaction is called

The purposeful artificial stimulation of active immunity to a particular infectious disease is known as

Why are the chances of an immune response in a patient given between 10μg and 1g of an immunogen (drug) higher than a patient given higher than 1g or lower than 10μg of the same drug?

A woman is being treated for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). She has an increased risk of opportunistic infections. Based on what you know about SLE and the treatment for it, propose why she has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.

A serum containing antigen-specific antibodies is called an

An individual usually expresses ________ structurally distinct allele(s) that encode class I MHC proteins.

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