Question 1

The causal agents of urinary tract diseases are often members of the normal flora.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  TRUE

Question 2

The study of antigen-antibody reactions is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  serology. 
B)  immunology. 
C)  toxicology. 
D)  epidemiology. 
A)  serology. 
B)  immunology. 
C)  toxicology. 
D)  epidemiology. A

Question 3

Nucleic acid probes are used to detect the presence of particular sequences of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  TRUE

Question 4

The EIA test for HIV infection is a direct test for HIV envelope proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Widespread antimicrobial drug resistance is usually passed by

Accepted Answer

A)  heterologous gene expression. 
B)  reverse transcription. 
C)  horizontal gene transfer. 
D)  gene splicing. 
A)  heterologous gene expression. 
B)  reverse transcription. 
C)  horizontal gene transfer. 
D)  gene splicing.

Question 6

Propose a series of procedures to determine whether a patient has a urinary tract infection.

Accepted Answer

Direct microscopic examination of urine

Question 7

How are infections caused by the drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae treated?

Accepted Answer

A)  with β-lactamase-resistant antibiotics 
B)  with tetracycline 
C)  with synthetic analogs of tetracycline 
D)  with vancomycin 
A)  with β-lactamase-resistant antibiotics 
B)  with tetracycline 
C)  with synthetic analogs of tetracycline 
D)  with vancomycin

Question 8

Discuss how recent advances in the molecular biology of nucleic acids have revolutionized methods used for the identification of infectious disease agents and how they are favored over traditional biochemical tests.

Accepted Answer

Molecular biology techniques that genera

Question 9

Which of the following immunogens is most effective as a vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemically inactivated bacteria 
B)  dead virus 
C)  live virus 
D)  toxoid 
A)  chemically inactivated bacteria 
B)  dead virus 
C)  live virus 
D)  toxoid

Question 10

In cases of suspected foodborne or waterborne infections, fecal samples should be inoculated into a variety of selective media.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

________ infections are among the most common nosocomial infections.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lymphatic 
B)  Reproductive tract 
C)  Skin 
D)  Respiratory tract 
A)  Lymphatic 
B)  Reproductive tract 
C)  Skin 
D)  Respiratory tract

Question 12

________ is used to monitor gene expression of a pathogen.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reverse transcription PCR 
B)  Serology 
C)  Antigen capture assay 
D)  Qualitative PCR 
A)  Reverse transcription PCR 
B)  Serology 
C)  Antigen capture assay 
D)  Qualitative PCR

Question 13

Which of the following would be useful for treating Candida?

Accepted Answer

A)  an azole 
B)  a fusion inhibitor 
C)  a macrolide 
D)  a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor 
A)  an azole 
B)  a fusion inhibitor 
C)  a macrolide 
D)  a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Question 14

Describe the use of combination drugs and why they are effective. Provide examples.

Accepted Answer

The efficacy of some antibiotics can be

Question 15

Describe mechanisms of transfer of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).

Accepted Answer

Some HAIs are acquired from patients wit

Question 16

Assume you are the procurement manager of the medical charity ʺDoctors Without Bordersʺ and there was an imminent infectious disease epidemic threat in a remote village in Africa. The epidemic can be prevented by vaccinating the population of interest. However, due to bad roads and lack of fast transportation services to reach the site of interest, which type of vaccine would you purchase for this job considering the length of time it would take to reach the affected site and why? A live attenuated virus or killed virus vaccines?

Accepted Answer

Since attenuated viruses are difficult t

Question 17

When a fecal sample is collected from an ill patient, how are each of the following identified: bacterial cell, eukaryotic protist, and virus?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial cells can be cultured on selec

Question 18

Many pathogens can be readily grown in laboratory culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The blotting of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose paper, and the subsequent identification by specific antibodies, is called a(n) ________ blot.

Accepted Answer

A)  Western 
B)  Eastern 
C)  Southern 
D)  Northern 
A)  Western 
B)  Eastern 
C)  Southern 
D)  Northern

Question 20

Hydrogen sulfide production is assayed by growth in a medium containing ferric iron (Fe3+).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 28: Clinical Microbiology and Immunology

The causal agents of urinary tract diseases are often members of the normal flora.

The study of antigen-antibody reactions is known as

Nucleic acid probes are used to detect the presence of particular sequences of DNA.

The EIA test for HIV infection is a direct test for HIV envelope proteins.

Widespread antimicrobial drug resistance is usually passed by

Propose a series of procedures to determine whether a patient has a urinary tract infection.

How are infections caused by the drug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae treated?

Discuss how recent advances in the molecular biology of nucleic acids have revolutionized methods used for the identification of infectious disease agents and how they are favored over traditional biochemical tests.

Which of the following immunogens is most effective as a vaccine?

In cases of suspected foodborne or waterborne infections, fecal samples should be inoculated into a variety of selective media.

________ infections are among the most common nosocomial infections.

________ is used to monitor gene expression of a pathogen.

Which of the following would be useful for treating Candida?

Describe the use of combination drugs and why they are effective. Provide examples.

Describe mechanisms of transfer of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).

When a fecal sample is collected from an ill patient, how are each of the following identified: bacterial cell, eukaryotic protist, and virus?

Many pathogens can be readily grown in laboratory culture.

The blotting of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose paper, and the subsequent identification by specific antibodies, is called a(n) ________ blot.

Hydrogen sulfide production is assayed by growth in a medium containing ferric iron (Fe3+).

The Microbial World

Microbial Cell Structure and Function

Microbial Metabolism

Molecular Information Flow and Protein Processing

Microbial Growth and Its Control

Microbial Regulatory Systems

Molecular Biology of Microbial Growth

Viruses and Their Replication

Microbial Systems Biology

Viral Genomics, Diversity, and Ecology

Genetics of Bacteria and Archaea

Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Metabolic Diversity of Microorganisms

Functional Diversity of Microorganisms

Diversity of Bacteria

Diversity of Archaea

Diversity of Microbial Eukarya

Taking the Measure of Microbial Systems

Microbial Ecosystems

Nutrient Cycles

Microbiology of the Built Environment

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Symbioses with Humans

Microbial Infection and Pathogenesis

Innate Immunity: Broadly Specific Host Defenses

Adaptive Immunity: Highly Specific Host Defenses

Epidemiology

Person-to-Person Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Waterborne and Foodborne Bacterial and Viral Diseases

Eukaryotic Pathogens: Fungi, Protozoans, and Helminths

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