Question 1

The respiratory therapist is asked to recommend a medication to reduce afterload for a patient with cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The therapist could recommend:

Accepted Answer

A)  captopril. 
B)  furosemide. 
C)  albumin. 
D)  atropine. 
A)  captopril. 
B)  furosemide. 
C)  albumin. 
D)  atropine. A

Question 2

Which of the following are causes of cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
1) Myocardial infarction
2) Mitral valve disease
3) Allergic reaction to drugs
4) Congenital heart defects

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 B

Question 3

A patient with cardiogenic pulmonary edema has had intravascular catheters placed for monitoring purposes. Which of the following values would be expected?
1) Decreased SV
2) Increased PCWP
3) Increased CVP
4) Decreased RAP

Accepted Answer

A) 2, 3 
B) 1, 4 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 2, 3, 4 
A) 2, 3 
B) 1, 4 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 2, 3, 4 C

Question 4

A patient has a decreased oncotic pressure. What can be done to increase it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Implement a high-salt diet. 
B)  Administer albumin. 
C)  Administer milrinone. 
D)  Administer morphine sulfate. 
A)  Implement a high-salt diet. 
B)  Administer albumin. 
C)  Administer milrinone. 
D)  Administer morphine sulfate.

Question 5

Which of the following are considered noncardiogenic causes of increased capillary permeability?
1) Therapeutic lung radiation
2) Cigarette smoke
3) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
4) Inhaled phosgene

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 3, 4 
D) 2, 3, 4 
A) 1, 2 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 3, 4 
D) 2, 3, 4

Question 6

Pulmonary edema produces:

Accepted Answer

A)  a restrictive pulmonary disorder. 
B)  an obstructive pulmonary disorder. 
C)  both a restrictive and obstructive disorders. 
D)  obstructive cardiac disease. 
A)  a restrictive pulmonary disorder. 
B)  an obstructive pulmonary disorder. 
C)  both a restrictive and obstructive disorders. 
D)  obstructive cardiac disease.

Question 7

A patient has noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. What chest radiograph findings would be expected?
1) "Bat's wings" pattern fluffy infiltrates
2) Normal cardiac silhouette
3) Fluffy densities near the hilum
4) Pleural effusion

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2, 3 
C) 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 4 
A) 1 
B) 2, 3 
C) 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 4

Question 8

Lymphatic insufficiency could be caused by:
1) lung transplantation.
2) lymphangitic carcinomatosis.
3) removal of pleural fluid.
4) decreased oncotic pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2 
B) 3, 4 
C) 1, 2, 4 
D) 2, 3, 4 
A) 1, 2 
B) 3, 4 
C) 1, 2, 4 
D) 2, 3, 4

Question 9

Management of cardiogenic pulmonary edema includes giving a patient which of the following types of medications?
1) Reduction of systemic vascular resistance
2) Positive inotropic medication
3) Preload reducing medication
4) Positive chronotropic medication

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 10

Mask CPAP is used with pulmonary edema patients because it:
1) decrease vascular congestion.
2) reduce work of breathing.
3) it is less expensive than mechanical ventilation.
4) improves lung compliance.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 11

A patient with cardiogenic pulmonary edema would be expected to have which of the following chest radiograph findings?
1) Depressed diaphragms
2) Pleural effusion
3) Cardiomegaly
4) Bilateral "butterfly" pattern fluffy infiltrates

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 12

What is the normal hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 to 5 mm Hg 
B)  5 to 10 mm Hg 
C)  10 to 15 mm Hg 
D)  15 to 20 mm Hg 
A)  0 to 5 mm Hg 
B)  5 to 10 mm Hg 
C)  10 to 15 mm Hg 
D)  15 to 20 mm Hg

Question 13

As pulmonary edema progressives, the fluid moves in which of the following sequences?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peribronchial interstitial spaces, bronchi, trachea 
B)  Alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi 
C)  Bronchioles, bronchi, trachea 
D)  Pulmonary capillaries, alveoli, bronchioles 
A)  Peribronchial interstitial spaces, bronchi, trachea 
B)  Alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi 
C)  Bronchioles, bronchi, trachea 
D)  Pulmonary capillaries, alveoli, bronchioles

Question 14

The respiratory therapist is asked to evaluate a patient with suspected congestive heart failure. Which of the following laboratory tests should the respiratory therapist recommend to evaluate the patient for possible congestive heart failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) 
B)  Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) 
C)  Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 
D)  Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 
A)  Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) 
B)  Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) 
C)  Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 
D)  Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

Question 15

Which of the following may be causes of cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
1) Pulmonary embolism
2) Dysrhythmias
3) Systemic hypertension
4) Excessive fluid administration

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 16

The major pathologic or structural changes seen in the lungs with pulmonary edema include:
1) atelectasis.
2) bronchospasm.
3) high surface tension of alveolar fluids.
4) alveolar flooding.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 1, 3, 4 
A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 1, 3, 4

Question 17

Which of the following are risk factors for coronary heart disease?
1) Elevated homocysteine level
2) Elevated vitamin E level
3) Hypertension
4) Diabetes mellitus

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 3, 4 
A) 1 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 3, 4

Question 18

A patient with pulmonary edema is cyanotic and complaining of difficulty breathing. What should be recommended by the respiratory therapist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide supplemental oxygen. 
B)  Begin mechanical ventilation. 
C)  Have the patient use pursed-lip breathing. 
D)  Begin bronchopulmonary hygiene therapy. 
A)  Provide supplemental oxygen. 
B)  Begin mechanical ventilation. 
C)  Have the patient use pursed-lip breathing. 
D)  Begin bronchopulmonary hygiene therapy.

Exam 20: Pulmonary Edema

The respiratory therapist is asked to recommend a medication to reduce afterload for a patient with cardiogenic pulmonary edema. The therapist could recommend:

Which of the following are causes of cardiogenic pulmonary edema? 1) Myocardial infarction 2) Mitral valve disease 3) Allergic reaction to drugs 4) Congenital heart defects

A patient with cardiogenic pulmonary edema has had intravascular catheters placed for monitoring purposes. Which of the following values would be expected? 1) Decreased SV 2) Increased PCWP 3) Increased CVP 4) Decreased RAP

A patient has a decreased oncotic pressure. What can be done to increase it?

Which of the following are considered noncardiogenic causes of increased capillary permeability? 1) Therapeutic lung radiation 2) Cigarette smoke 3) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 4) Inhaled phosgene

Pulmonary edema produces:

A patient has noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. What chest radiograph findings would be expected? 1) "Bat's wings" pattern fluffy infiltrates 2) Normal cardiac silhouette 3) Fluffy densities near the hilum 4) Pleural effusion

Lymphatic insufficiency could be caused by: 1) lung transplantation. 2) lymphangitic carcinomatosis. 3) removal of pleural fluid. 4) decreased oncotic pressure.

Management of cardiogenic pulmonary edema includes giving a patient which of the following types of medications? 1) Reduction of systemic vascular resistance 2) Positive inotropic medication 3) Preload reducing medication 4) Positive chronotropic medication

Mask CPAP is used with pulmonary edema patients because it: 1) decrease vascular congestion. 2) reduce work of breathing. 3) it is less expensive than mechanical ventilation. 4) improves lung compliance.

A patient with cardiogenic pulmonary edema would be expected to have which of the following chest radiograph findings? 1) Depressed diaphragms 2) Pleural effusion 3) Cardiomegaly 4) Bilateral "butterfly" pattern fluffy infiltrates

What is the normal hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries?

As pulmonary edema progressives, the fluid moves in which of the following sequences?

The respiratory therapist is asked to evaluate a patient with suspected congestive heart failure. Which of the following laboratory tests should the respiratory therapist recommend to evaluate the patient for possible congestive heart failure?

Which of the following may be causes of cardiogenic pulmonary edema? 1) Pulmonary embolism 2) Dysrhythmias 3) Systemic hypertension 4) Excessive fluid administration

The major pathologic or structural changes seen in the lungs with pulmonary edema include: 1) atelectasis. 2) bronchospasm. 3) high surface tension of alveolar fluids. 4) alveolar flooding.

Which of the following are risk factors for coronary heart disease? 1) Elevated homocysteine level 2) Elevated vitamin E level 3) Hypertension 4) Diabetes mellitus

A patient with pulmonary edema is cyanotic and complaining of difficulty breathing. What should be recommended by the respiratory therapist?

The Patient Interview

The Physical Examination

The Pathophysiologic Basis for Common Clinical Manifestations

Pulmonary Function Testing

Blood Gas Assessment

Assessment of Oxygenation

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System

Radiologic Examination of the Chest

Other Important Tests and Procedures

The Therapist-Driven Protocol Program

Respiratory Insufficiency, Respiratory Failure and Ventilatory Management Protocols

Recording Skills and Intra-Professional Communication

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema

Asthma

Cystic Fibrosis

Bronchiectasis

Atelectasis

Pneumonia, Lung Abscess Formation, and Important Fungal Diseases

Tuberculosis

Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Pulmonary Embolism and Pulmonary Hypertension

Flail Chest

Pneumothorax

Pleural Effusion and Empyema

Kyphoscoliosis

Cancer of the Lung, Prevention and Palliation

Interstitial Lung Diseases

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Myasthenia Gravis

Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Care of Patients With Neuromuscular Disease

Sleep Apnea

Newborn Assessment and Management

Pediatric Assessment, Protocols, and Pals Management

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Pulmonary Air Leak Syndrome

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Bronchiolitis

Chronic Lung Disease of Infancy

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Congenital Heart Disease

Croup and Croup-Like Syndromes: Laryngotracheobronchitis, Bacterial Tracheitis, and Acute Epiglottitis

Near Drowningwet Drowning

Smoke Inhalation, Thermal Injuries, and Carbon Monoxide Intoxication

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