Question 1

The diagnosis of RSV is most often confirmed with a sample obtained by:

Accepted Answer

A)  tracheal suctioning. 
B)  venipuncture. 
C)  arterial blood sampling. 
D)  nasopharyngeal aspirate. 
A)  tracheal suctioning. 
B)  venipuncture. 
C)  arterial blood sampling. 
D)  nasopharyngeal aspirate. D

Question 2

A respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection will cause which of the following anatomic alterations of the lungs?
1) Chemical pneumonitis of the small airways
2) Peribronchiolar mononuclear infiltration
3) Small airway epithelial necrosis
4) Edema of the epiglottis and upper airway

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 2, 3, 4 
A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 2, 3, 4 B

Question 3

Several small children who attend the same day care facility have become sick with RSV. The owner of the day care can expect them to recover within:

Accepted Answer

A)  4 to 6 days. 
B)  3 to 8 days. 
C)  1 to 2 weeks. 
D)  greater than 3 weeks. 
A)  4 to 6 days. 
B)  3 to 8 days. 
C)  1 to 2 weeks. 
D)  greater than 3 weeks. C

Question 4

Which of the following is no longer recommended in the management of a patient with RSV infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Palivizumab (Synagis) 
B)  Bulb suctioning of the nares 
C)  Nebulized hypertonic saline 
D)  Ribavirin (Virazole) 
A)  Palivizumab (Synagis) 
B)  Bulb suctioning of the nares 
C)  Nebulized hypertonic saline 
D)  Ribavirin (Virazole)

Question 5

An infant with RSV will show what clinical manifestations associated with the more negative intrapleural pressures needed during inspiration?
1) Seesaw breathing movement
2) Breath sounds reveal pleural friction rub
3) Inspiratory stridor
4) Cyanosis of the dependent abdominal areas

Accepted Answer

A) 2, 4 
B) 1, 4 
C) 1, 3, 4 
D) 2, 3, 4 
A) 2, 4 
B) 1, 4 
C) 1, 3, 4 
D) 2, 3, 4

Question 6

What can be given to a premature baby in order to prevent an RSV infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  An inhaled corticosteroid agent 
B)  Ribavirin (Virazole) 
C)  Palivizumab (Synagis) 
D)  A sympathomimetic agent 
A)  An inhaled corticosteroid agent 
B)  Ribavirin (Virazole) 
C)  Palivizumab (Synagis) 
D)  A sympathomimetic agent

Question 7

Which of the following patients is least likely to experience a severe RSV infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 6-month-old recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis 
B)  A 3-month-old who was born prematurely 
C)  A 2-year-old undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia 
D)  A 3-year-old with no siblings 
A)  A 6-month-old recently diagnosed with cystic fibrosis 
B)  A 3-month-old who was born prematurely 
C)  A 2-year-old undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia 
D)  A 3-year-old with no siblings

Question 8

Which of the following are major pathologic or structural changes associated with RSV?
1) Dilation and distortion of the airways
2) Inflammation of the peripheral airways
3) Alveolar hyperinflation
4) Pulmonary edema

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 9

The physical examination of a neonate with RSV will often reveal:
1) a change in point of maximum impulse (PMI).
2) excessive secretions.
3) expiratory grunting.
4) cyanosis.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 10

Infants with RSV benefit from which of the following?
1) Chest percussion and drainage
2) High-flow nasal cannula therapy
3) Bulb suctioning of the nares
4) Nebulized hypertonic saline

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 11

Anatomic alterations related to an RSV infection can lead to:
1) pneumomediastinum.
2) partial airway obstruction.
3) decreased airway lumen.
4) complete airway obstruction.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 12

Outbreaks of RSV are usually found in which of the following seasons of the year?
1) Spring
2) Summer
3) Fall
4) Winter

Accepted Answer

A) 3, 4 
B) 1, 3, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 3, 4 
B) 1, 3, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 13

A patient with an RSV is hypoxemic. What could cause this?
1) Atelectasis
2) Excessive airway fluid
3) Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN)
4) Consolidation

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2 
B) 3, 4 
C) 1, 2, 4 
D) 2, 3, 4 
A) 1, 2 
B) 3, 4 
C) 1, 2, 4 
D) 2, 3, 4

Question 14

Which of the following characteristics would put an adult at increased risk for a severe case of RSV?
1) Compromised immune system
2) History of asthma
3) Under 30 years of age
4) More than 65 years of age

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 1, 2, 4 
A) 1, 4 
B) 2, 3 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 1, 2, 4

Question 15

A chest radiograph was taken of a patient with RSV. What finding can be expected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevated diaphragms 
B)  "Steeple point" sign 
C)  Lobar atelectasis 
D)  Pneumothorax 
A)  Elevated diaphragms 
B)  "Steeple point" sign 
C)  Lobar atelectasis 
D)  Pneumothorax

Exam 39: Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Bronchiolitis

The diagnosis of RSV is most often confirmed with a sample obtained by:

A respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection will cause which of the following anatomic alterations of the lungs? 1) Chemical pneumonitis of the small airways 2) Peribronchiolar mononuclear infiltration 3) Small airway epithelial necrosis 4) Edema of the epiglottis and upper airway

Several small children who attend the same day care facility have become sick with RSV. The owner of the day care can expect them to recover within:

Which of the following is no longer recommended in the management of a patient with RSV infection?

An infant with RSV will show what clinical manifestations associated with the more negative intrapleural pressures needed during inspiration? 1) Seesaw breathing movement 2) Breath sounds reveal pleural friction rub 3) Inspiratory stridor 4) Cyanosis of the dependent abdominal areas

What can be given to a premature baby in order to prevent an RSV infection?

Which of the following patients is least likely to experience a severe RSV infection?

Which of the following are major pathologic or structural changes associated with RSV? 1) Dilation and distortion of the airways 2) Inflammation of the peripheral airways 3) Alveolar hyperinflation 4) Pulmonary edema

The physical examination of a neonate with RSV will often reveal: 1) a change in point of maximum impulse (PMI). 2) excessive secretions. 3) expiratory grunting. 4) cyanosis.

Infants with RSV benefit from which of the following? 1) Chest percussion and drainage 2) High-flow nasal cannula therapy 3) Bulb suctioning of the nares 4) Nebulized hypertonic saline

Anatomic alterations related to an RSV infection can lead to: 1) pneumomediastinum. 2) partial airway obstruction. 3) decreased airway lumen. 4) complete airway obstruction.

Outbreaks of RSV are usually found in which of the following seasons of the year? 1) Spring 2) Summer 3) Fall 4) Winter

A patient with an RSV is hypoxemic. What could cause this? 1) Atelectasis 2) Excessive airway fluid 3) Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) 4) Consolidation

Which of the following characteristics would put an adult at increased risk for a severe case of RSV? 1) Compromised immune system 2) History of asthma 3) Under 30 years of age 4) More than 65 years of age

A chest radiograph was taken of a patient with RSV. What finding can be expected?

The Patient Interview

The Physical Examination

The Pathophysiologic Basis for Common Clinical Manifestations

Pulmonary Function Testing

Blood Gas Assessment

Assessment of Oxygenation

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System

Radiologic Examination of the Chest

Other Important Tests and Procedures

The Therapist-Driven Protocol Program

Respiratory Insufficiency, Respiratory Failure and Ventilatory Management Protocols

Recording Skills and Intra-Professional Communication

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema

Asthma

Cystic Fibrosis

Bronchiectasis

Atelectasis

Pneumonia, Lung Abscess Formation, and Important Fungal Diseases

Tuberculosis

Pulmonary Edema

Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Pulmonary Embolism and Pulmonary Hypertension

Flail Chest

Pneumothorax

Pleural Effusion and Empyema

Kyphoscoliosis

Cancer of the Lung, Prevention and Palliation

Interstitial Lung Diseases

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Myasthenia Gravis

Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Care of Patients With Neuromuscular Disease

Sleep Apnea

Newborn Assessment and Management

Pediatric Assessment, Protocols, and Pals Management

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Pulmonary Air Leak Syndrome

Chronic Lung Disease of Infancy

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Congenital Heart Disease

Croup and Croup-Like Syndromes: Laryngotracheobronchitis, Bacterial Tracheitis, and Acute Epiglottitis

Near Drowningwet Drowning

Smoke Inhalation, Thermal Injuries, and Carbon Monoxide Intoxication

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