Exam 43: Croup and Croup-Like Syndromes: Laryngotracheobronchitis, Bacterial Tracheitis, and Acute Epiglottitis

The respiratory therapist is assigned to the pediatric unit of the hospital. The physician who is caring for a 3-year-old boy with LTB asks what respiratory therapy treatments should be given. The respiratory therapist should suggest which of the following? 1) Racemic epinephrine 2) Cool mist 3) Antibiotics 4) Endotracheal or tracheostomy tube

Which of the following is/are commonly seen on the lateral neck x-ray of a patient with LTB? 1) "Pencil point" narrowing of the upper airway 2) Haziness in the subglottic area 3) Classic "thumb sign" 4) "Steeple point" narrowing of the upper airway

The following would not be expected during the assessment of a young child with LTB?

What is the main clinical risk facing a patient with epiglottitis?

The diagnosis of epiglottitis is aided by: 1) laying the patient down and observing the throat with a tongue blade. 2) visualization of the throat during tracheal intubation. 3) observing if the patient can swallow. 4) observing how the patient holds his/her tongue.

In evaluating a 16-month-old boy, the respiratory therapist finds him to be in mild respiratory distress, without a fever, but with a barking-type cough. A lateral neck x-ray taken in the emergency department shows a "steeple point" narrowing of the trachea. Based on this information, which of the following would the respiratory therapist conclude is the most probable diagnosis?

Childhood vaccination is done to prevent which of the following possible causes of epiglottitis?

The medication racemic epinephrine is given to a patient with LTB because it:

The barking sound heard in a patient with LTB is caused by which of the following?

A patient has epiglottitis. This condition will affect which of the following? 1) Pharynx 2) Aryepiglottic folds 3) False vocal cords 4) Trachea

The diagnosis of LTB typically does not include the child:

A patient has been diagnosed with bacterial tracheitis. Which of the following antibiotics should the respiratory therapist most likely recommend?

When a patient has laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB), which of the following is the primary anatomic alteration that is found?

Most cases of LTB occur during which seasons of the year? 1) Spring 2) Summer 3) Fall 4) Winter

Which of the following anatomic alterations may be found in a patient with LTB? 1) Increased secretions 2) Ineffective cilia 3) Narrowed airway lumen 4) Excessive surfactant production