Question 1

According to the World Health Organization, where does drowning rank worldwide as a cause of unintentional death?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the leading cause of unintentional death. 
B)  It is the second leading cause of unintentional death. 
C)  It is the third leading cause of unintentional death. 
D)  It ranks 23rd among the causes of unintentional death. 
A)  It is the leading cause of unintentional death. 
B)  It is the second leading cause of unintentional death. 
C)  It is the third leading cause of unintentional death. 
D)  It ranks 23rd among the causes of unintentional death. C

Question 2

Which of the following breath sounds would be expected during auscultation of a wet-drowning victim?
1) Bronchovesicular
2) Vesicular
3) Crackles
4) Friction rub

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 2, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 2, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 B

Question 3

What water temperature has been shown to be a favorable prognostic factor in near drowning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Higher than 104°F 
B)  Between 98.6°F and 104°F 
C)  Between 70°F and 98°F 
D)  Between 27°F and 70°F 
A)  Higher than 104°F 
B)  Between 98.6°F and 104°F 
C)  Between 70°F and 98°F 
D)  Between 27°F and 70°F D

Question 4

The pulmonary function findings for a wet-drowning victim would reveal:

Accepted Answer

A)  increased IRV. 
B)  increased DLCO. 
C)  decreased VC. 
D)  increased TLC. 
A)  increased IRV. 
B)  increased DLCO. 
C)  decreased VC. 
D)  increased TLC.

Question 5

The initial chest radiograph appearance of a near-drowning victim may include:
1) normal lung fields.
2) atelectasis.
3) pulmonary edema.
4) pencil point sign.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 3 
B) 2, 4 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 2, 3, 4 
A) 1, 3 
B) 2, 4 
C) 1, 2, 3 
D) 2, 3, 4

Question 6

What are complications associated with a near drowning in unclean, swampy water?
1) Pneumonia
2) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
3) Pulmonary fibrosis
4) Pulmonary hypertension

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 3, 4 
C) 1, 2 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1 
B) 3, 4 
C) 1, 2 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 7

What is the upper time limit that a cold-water near-drowning victim can be submerged and survive?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 minutes 
B)  20 minutes 
C)  40 minutes 
D)  60 minutes 
A)  10 minutes 
B)  20 minutes 
C)  40 minutes 
D)  60 minutes

Question 8

Warming techniques for a cold-water near-drowning victim include:
1) cooling the extremities and warming the body core.
2) warming the inspired oxygen.
3) heated intravenous solutions.
4) heated lavage of the pericardial space.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3 
A) 1, 3 
B) 1, 2, 4 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 3

Question 9

In comparing the pathologic changes to the lungs caused by freshwater versus saltwater, which of the following can be stated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Saltwater causes more damage. 
B)  Freshwater causes more damage. 
C)  Both cause identical pathologic changes. 
D)  Cold water of either type causes more damage than warm water of either type. 
A)  Saltwater causes more damage. 
B)  Freshwater causes more damage. 
C)  Both cause identical pathologic changes. 
D)  Cold water of either type causes more damage than warm water of either type.

Question 10

A 10-year-old girl was rescued from a school swimming pool, where she was found unconscious, and transported to a nearby hospital, where her lungs were discovered to be dry. What could cause dry lungs in this near drowning?

Accepted Answer

A)  Her glottis spasmed and prevented pool water from entering her lungs. 
B)  Chlorinated pool water is quickly absorbed across the alveolar-capillary membrane. 
C)  Her young age and the cool pool water prevented serious pulmonary injury. 
D)  She swallowed the water. 
A)  Her glottis spasmed and prevented pool water from entering her lungs. 
B)  Chlorinated pool water is quickly absorbed across the alveolar-capillary membrane. 
C)  Her young age and the cool pool water prevented serious pulmonary injury. 
D)  She swallowed the water.

Question 11

After an extended time underwater, a near-drowning victim will most likely have:

Accepted Answer

A)  tachypnea. 
B)  a normal respiratory rate. 
C)  bradypnea. 
D)  apnea. 
A)  tachypnea. 
B)  a normal respiratory rate. 
C)  bradypnea. 
D)  apnea.

Question 12

A near-drowning victim in cardiac arrest has been placed in an ambulance. During transport, the goals of the paramedics should be to:
1) contact the victim's insurance carrier.
2) perform high-quality CPR.
3) conserve the victim's body heat.
4) administer FIO2 1.0.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 4 
A) 2 
B) 2, 3 
C) 2, 3, 4 
D) 1, 2, 4

Question 13

In the United States, approximately how many unintentional drownings occur annually?

Accepted Answer

A)  1500 
B)  2500 
C)  3500 
D)  4500 
A)  1500 
B)  2500 
C)  3500 
D)  4500

Exam 44: Near Drowningwet Drowning

According to the World Health Organization, where does drowning rank worldwide as a cause of unintentional death?

Which of the following breath sounds would be expected during auscultation of a wet-drowning victim? 1) Bronchovesicular 2) Vesicular 3) Crackles 4) Friction rub

What water temperature has been shown to be a favorable prognostic factor in near drowning?

The pulmonary function findings for a wet-drowning victim would reveal:

The initial chest radiograph appearance of a near-drowning victim may include: 1) normal lung fields. 2) atelectasis. 3) pulmonary edema. 4) pencil point sign.

What are complications associated with a near drowning in unclean, swampy water? 1) Pneumonia 2) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) 3) Pulmonary fibrosis 4) Pulmonary hypertension

What is the upper time limit that a cold-water near-drowning victim can be submerged and survive?

Warming techniques for a cold-water near-drowning victim include: 1) cooling the extremities and warming the body core. 2) warming the inspired oxygen. 3) heated intravenous solutions. 4) heated lavage of the pericardial space.

In comparing the pathologic changes to the lungs caused by freshwater versus saltwater, which of the following can be stated?

A 10-year-old girl was rescued from a school swimming pool, where she was found unconscious, and transported to a nearby hospital, where her lungs were discovered to be dry. What could cause dry lungs in this near drowning?

After an extended time underwater, a near-drowning victim will most likely have:

A near-drowning victim in cardiac arrest has been placed in an ambulance. During transport, the goals of the paramedics should be to: 1) contact the victim's insurance carrier. 2) perform high-quality CPR. 3) conserve the victim's body heat. 4) administer FIO2 1.0.

In the United States, approximately how many unintentional drownings occur annually?

The Patient Interview

The Physical Examination

The Pathophysiologic Basis for Common Clinical Manifestations

Pulmonary Function Testing

Blood Gas Assessment

Assessment of Oxygenation

Assessment of the Cardiovascular System

Radiologic Examination of the Chest

Other Important Tests and Procedures

The Therapist-Driven Protocol Program

Respiratory Insufficiency, Respiratory Failure and Ventilatory Management Protocols

Recording Skills and Intra-Professional Communication

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema

Asthma

Cystic Fibrosis

Bronchiectasis

Atelectasis

Pneumonia, Lung Abscess Formation, and Important Fungal Diseases

Tuberculosis

Pulmonary Edema

Pulmonary Vascular Disease: Pulmonary Embolism and Pulmonary Hypertension

Flail Chest

Pneumothorax

Pleural Effusion and Empyema

Kyphoscoliosis

Cancer of the Lung, Prevention and Palliation

Interstitial Lung Diseases

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Myasthenia Gravis

Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Care of Patients With Neuromuscular Disease

Sleep Apnea

Newborn Assessment and Management

Pediatric Assessment, Protocols, and Pals Management

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Pulmonary Air Leak Syndrome

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Bronchiolitis

Chronic Lung Disease of Infancy

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Congenital Heart Disease

Croup and Croup-Like Syndromes: Laryngotracheobronchitis, Bacterial Tracheitis, and Acute Epiglottitis

Smoke Inhalation, Thermal Injuries, and Carbon Monoxide Intoxication

Filters

A near-drowning victim in cardiac arrest has been placed in an ambulance. During transport, the goals of the paramedics should be to: 1) contact the victim's insurance carrier. 2) perform high-quality CPR. 3) conserve the victim's body heat. 4) administer FIO₂ 1.0.