Question 1

A psychologist who wants to use the most objective measure and avoid the halo effect in assessing personality should use

Accepted Answer

A)  structured interviews. 
B)  unstructured interviews. 
C)  personality questionnaires. 
D)  direct observation. 
A)  structured interviews. 
B)  unstructured interviews. 
C)  personality questionnaires. 
D)  direct observation.

Question 2

Scott is out shopping at the local bookstore and stumbles on a rare 20-volume set of The Civil War Years: Crisis, Peril, and Triumph.He has wanted this set for years, but unfortunately right now, he's unable to afford it.If the personality structures proposed by psychoanalytic theory could talk, what would the superego likely say in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Get it! Get it! Get it!" 
B)  "Talk to the book store owner, see if you can put a small down payment on it to hold it, and then start saving up the money any way that you can." 
C)  "You really need this set of books.Why not just charge the whole thing on your already overburdened credit card?" 
D)  "You always want things you can't afford.You need to spend your money on necessities, not luxuries." 
A)  "Get it! Get it! Get it!" 
B)  "Talk to the book store owner, see if you can put a small down payment on it to hold it, and then start saving up the money any way that you can." 
C)  "You really need this set of books.Why not just charge the whole thing on your already overburdened credit card?" 
D)  "You always want things you can't afford.You need to spend your money on necessities, not luxuries."

Question 3

According to Rogers, the natural, undistorted, full-body reaction to an experience that avoids the filtering and distortion of incongruence is called

Accepted Answer

A)  self-reinforcement. 
B)  striving for superiority. 
C)  self-actualization. 
D)  organismic valuing. 
A)  self-reinforcement. 
B)  striving for superiority. 
C)  self-actualization. 
D)  organismic valuing.

Question 4

Dr.Balta is assessing a client's personality by using a rating scale.Dr.Balta's assessment most likely involves

Accepted Answer

A)  direct observation. 
B)  a projective test. 
C)  a personality questionnaire. 
D)  the MMPI-2. 
A)  direct observation. 
B)  a projective test. 
C)  a personality questionnaire. 
D)  the MMPI-2.

Question 5

The person you are today is largely the product of all the choices you have made, according to a

Accepted Answer

A)  psychodynamic theorist. 
B)  humanist. 
C)  Jungian psychologist. 
D)  trait theorist. 
A)  psychodynamic theorist. 
B)  humanist. 
C)  Jungian psychologist. 
D)  trait theorist.

Question 6

Concerning the differences in boys and girls regarding aggression, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boys have more chances to observe adults and other children acting aggressively. 
B)  Girls are less likely than boys to imitate directly aggressive behaviors, such as shouting or hitting. 
C)  Girls are more likely to rely on indirectly aggressive behaviors, such as excluding others from friendship and spreading rumors. 
D)  Over the last few years, girls have become more willing to engage in direct aggression as popular culture presents more images of directly aggressive women. 
A)  Boys have more chances to observe adults and other children acting aggressively. 
B)  Girls are less likely than boys to imitate directly aggressive behaviors, such as shouting or hitting. 
C)  Girls are more likely to rely on indirectly aggressive behaviors, such as excluding others from friendship and spreading rumors. 
D)  Over the last few years, girls have become more willing to engage in direct aggression as popular culture presents more images of directly aggressive women.

Question 7

In Freudian theory, the "executive" structure that is directed by the reality principle is the

Accepted Answer

A)  id. 
B)  ego. 
C)  superego. 
D)  libido. 
A)  id. 
B)  ego. 
C)  superego. 
D)  libido.

Question 8

Traits in many dark triad personalities are not extreme enough to qualify for a diagnosis​ and would be termed

Accepted Answer

A)  ​subclinical. 
B)  ​invalid. 
C)  ​unreliable. 
D)  ​archetypal. 
A)  ​subclinical. 
B)  ​invalid. 
C)  ​unreliable. 
D)  ​archetypal.

Question 9

Which of the following aspects of Freud's theory has NOT been challenged by new research?

Accepted Answer

A)  his portrayal of the elementary school years as free from sexuality and unimportant for personality development 
B)  his idea that a stern or threatening father was important in the development of a strong conscience in males 
C)  his idea that critical events during the first years of life help shape adult personality 
D)  his belief that patients' reports of sexual abuse were really childhood fantasies 
A)  his portrayal of the elementary school years as free from sexuality and unimportant for personality development 
B)  his idea that a stern or threatening father was important in the development of a strong conscience in males 
C)  his idea that critical events during the first years of life help shape adult personality 
D)  his belief that patients' reports of sexual abuse were really childhood fantasies

Question 10

In personality development, trait and psychoanalytic theories stress the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)  learning and life experiences. 
B)  the self and ideal self. 
C)  self-efficacy and social reinforcement. 
D)  inherited biological predispositions. 
A)  learning and life experiences. 
B)  the self and ideal self. 
C)  self-efficacy and social reinforcement. 
D)  inherited biological predispositions.

Question 11

Which theories seek to describe personality in terms of a small number of underlying personality factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  behaviorist 
D)  humanistic 
A)  trait 
B)  psychodynamic 
C)  behaviorist 
D)  humanistic

Question 12

In Freudian theory, which of the following terms refers to a preschool boy's attraction to his mother and feelings of rivalry with his father?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Electra conflict 
B)  the Oedipus conflict 
C)  phallic incongruence 
D)  the genital stage 
A)  the Electra conflict 
B)  the Oedipus conflict 
C)  phallic incongruence 
D)  the genital stage

Question 13

Mitch knows that if he and his brother play quietly until their mother finishes her college homework, that she will rent a movie for them and make them popcorn.Mitch and his brother's anticipation of this movie night reward is referred to by Julian Rotter as

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement value. 
B)  a situational determinant. 
C)  the psychological situation. 
D)  an expectancy. 
A)  reinforcement value. 
B)  a situational determinant. 
C)  the psychological situation. 
D)  an expectancy.

Question 14

According to Freud, when the ego is overwhelmed by threats of punishment from the superego, the person experiences

Accepted Answer

A)  incongruence. 
B)  neurotic anxiety. 
C)  moral anxiety. 
D)  organismic valuing. 
A)  incongruence. 
B)  neurotic anxiety. 
C)  moral anxiety. 
D)  organismic valuing.

Question 15

Gina and Tina are identical twins who were separated at birth and grew up in different families.Which of the following aspects of their lives is more likely to be due to genetic similarities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both sing alto and are accomplished musicians. 
B)  Both married men who were named Tim. 
C)  Both drive red Mustang convertibles. 
D)  Both use the same shampoo and toothpaste. 
A)  Both sing alto and are accomplished musicians. 
B)  Both married men who were named Tim. 
C)  Both drive red Mustang convertibles. 
D)  Both use the same shampoo and toothpaste.

Question 16

In personality development, environmental situations refer to the influence of

Accepted Answer

A)  nature. 
B)  nurture. 
C)  temperament. 
D)  all of these. 
A)  nature. 
B)  nurture. 
C)  temperament. 
D)  all of these.

Question 17

By measuring personality at work, at school, and in therapy, we are able to​

Accepted Answer

A)  describe only the immediate behaviors being shown. 
B)  ​predict how people will behave. 
C)  ​understand and explain specifically how and why people behave in a particular way. 
D)  ​control and change people's personality traits. 
A)  describe only the immediate behaviors being shown. 
B)  ​predict how people will behave. 
C)  ​understand and explain specifically how and why people behave in a particular way. 
D)  ​control and change people's personality traits.

Question 18

Children who grow up to use organismic valuing are most often those children who were

Accepted Answer

A)  given conditions of worth. 
B)  given unconditional positive regard. 
C)  overindulged. 
D)  provided with strict discipline. 
A)  given conditions of worth. 
B)  given unconditional positive regard. 
C)  overindulged. 
D)  provided with strict discipline.

Question 19

A student is given a multiple choice test that would be scored the same way no matter which teacher graded it.This illustrates that the test is

Accepted Answer

A)  projective. 
B)  objective. 
C)  subjective. 
D)  valid. 
A)  projective. 
B)  objective. 
C)  subjective. 
D)  valid.

Question 20

According to Freud, a person is likely to become a delinquent or a criminal if which of the following is poorly developed?

Accepted Answer

A)  id 
B)  libido 
C)  ego 
D)  superego 
A)  id 
B)  libido 
C)  ego 
D)  superego

A psychologist who wants to use the most objective measure and avoid the halo effect in assessing personality should use

According to Rogers, the natural, undistorted, full-body reaction to an experience that avoids the filtering and distortion of incongruence is called

Dr.Balta is assessing a client's personality by using a rating scale.Dr.Balta's assessment most likely involves

The person you are today is largely the product of all the choices you have made, according to a

Concerning the differences in boys and girls regarding aggression, which of the following statements is FALSE?

In Freudian theory, the "executive" structure that is directed by the reality principle is the

Traits in many dark triad personalities are not extreme enough to qualify for a diagnosis and would be termed

Which of the following aspects of Freud's theory has NOT been challenged by new research?

In personality development, trait and psychoanalytic theories stress the importance of

Which theories seek to describe personality in terms of a small number of underlying personality factors?

In Freudian theory, which of the following terms refers to a preschool boy's attraction to his mother and feelings of rivalry with his father?

Mitch knows that if he and his brother play quietly until their mother finishes her college homework, that she will rent a movie for them and make them popcorn.Mitch and his brother's anticipation of this movie night reward is referred to by Julian Rotter as

According to Freud, when the ego is overwhelmed by threats of punishment from the superego, the person experiences

Gina and Tina are identical twins who were separated at birth and grew up in different families.Which of the following aspects of their lives is more likely to be due to genetic similarities?

In personality development, environmental situations refer to the influence of

By measuring personality at work, at school, and in therapy, we are able to

Children who grow up to use organismic valuing are most often those children who were

A student is given a multiple choice test that would be scored the same way no matter which teacher graded it.This illustrates that the test is

According to Freud, a person is likely to become a delinquent or a criminal if which of the following is poorly developed?

Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters

Exam 12: Personality.

A psychologist who wants to use the most objective measure and avoid the halo effect in assessing personality should use

According to Rogers, the natural, undistorted, full-body reaction to an experience that avoids the filtering and distortion of incongruence is called

Dr.Balta is assessing a client's personality by using a rating scale.Dr.Balta's assessment most likely involves

The person you are today is largely the product of all the choices you have made, according to a

Concerning the differences in boys and girls regarding aggression, which of the following statements is FALSE?

In Freudian theory, the "executive" structure that is directed by the reality principle is the

Traits in many dark triad personalities are not extreme enough to qualify for a diagnosis​ and would be termed

Which of the following aspects of Freud's theory has NOT been challenged by new research?

In personality development, trait and psychoanalytic theories stress the importance of

Which theories seek to describe personality in terms of a small number of underlying personality factors?

In Freudian theory, which of the following terms refers to a preschool boy's attraction to his mother and feelings of rivalry with his father?

Mitch knows that if he and his brother play quietly until their mother finishes her college homework, that she will rent a movie for them and make them popcorn.Mitch and his brother's anticipation of this movie night reward is referred to by Julian Rotter as

According to Freud, when the ego is overwhelmed by threats of punishment from the superego, the person experiences

Gina and Tina are identical twins who were separated at birth and grew up in different families.Which of the following aspects of their lives is more likely to be due to genetic similarities?

In personality development, environmental situations refer to the influence of

By measuring personality at work, at school, and in therapy, we are able to​

Children who grow up to use organismic valuing are most often those children who were

A student is given a multiple choice test that would be scored the same way no matter which teacher graded it.This illustrates that the test is

According to Freud, a person is likely to become a delinquent or a criminal if which of the following is poorly developed?

Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters

Traits in many dark triad personalities are not extreme enough to qualify for a diagnosis and would be termed

By measuring personality at work, at school, and in therapy, we are able to