Question 1

When college students were asked to describe someone they knew well, they mentioned an average of __________ traits.

Accepted Answer

A)  ten secondary 
B)  seven central 
C)  four cardinal 
D)  eight subclinical 
A)  ten secondary 
B)  seven central 
C)  four cardinal 
D)  eight subclinical

Question 2

Five-year-old Ryan likes to spend as much time as he can with his dad and often tells people that "his dad is the smartest, strongest, and best dad in the whole world." According to social learning theorists, Ryan is

Accepted Answer

A)  exhibiting a fixation on his dad. 
B)  showing congruence with his dad. 
C)  imitating his dad. 
D)  identifying with his dad. 
A)  exhibiting a fixation on his dad. 
B)  showing congruence with his dad. 
C)  imitating his dad. 
D)  identifying with his dad.

Question 3

Which one of the following represents a basic element of shyness?

Accepted Answer

A)  incongruence 
B)  generalized anxiety 
C)  lack of social skills 
D)  self-actualization 
A)  incongruence 
B)  generalized anxiety 
C)  lack of social skills 
D)  self-actualization

Question 4

A self-defeating bias is defined as​ a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  ​distortion of thinking that impairs behavior. 
B)  ​lack of proficiency in interacting with others. 
C)  ​acute awareness of oneself as a social object. 
D)  ​preoccupation with inner feelings, thoughts, and fantasies. 
A)  ​distortion of thinking that impairs behavior. 
B)  ​lack of proficiency in interacting with others. 
C)  ​acute awareness of oneself as a social object. 
D)  ​preoccupation with inner feelings, thoughts, and fantasies.

Question 5

At her job, Kara is hard working, organized, responsible, and punctual.She would score high on which dimension of the Big Five model of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  extroversion 
A)  neuroticism 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  conscientiousness 
D)  extroversion

Question 6

Dr.Malto is using an objective test that has ten clinical subscales that rate a person's tendencies for depression, hysteria, paranoia, psychasthenia, and mania.Dr.Malto is using the

Accepted Answer

A)  MMPI-2. 
B)  Rorschach. 
C)  TAT. 
D)  16 PF. 
A)  MMPI-2. 
B)  Rorschach. 
C)  TAT. 
D)  16 PF.

Question 7

When Jerome took the MMPI-2, he displayed a pattern of responses that indicated the presence of extreme suspiciousness and feelings of persecution.Jerome most likely had a high score on which clinical subscale of the MMPI-2?​

Accepted Answer

A)  mania 
B)  hysteria 
C)  paranoia 
D)  psychopathic deviate 
A)  mania 
B)  hysteria 
C)  paranoia 
D)  psychopathic deviate

Question 8

What do the personality theorists Anna Freud and Otto Rank have in common?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​They focused on further developing Freud's ideas. 
B)  ​They stressed the role of cultural and social factors in the development of the personality. 
C)  ​They rejected Freud's ideas and developed existentialism. 
D)  ​Theyaccepted Freud's idea of the unconscious but disagreed with his focus on instinctual drives and sexuality and created their own opposing theories. 
A)  ​They focused on further developing Freud's ideas. 
B)  ​They stressed the role of cultural and social factors in the development of the personality. 
C)  ​They rejected Freud's ideas and developed existentialism. 
D)  ​Theyaccepted Freud's idea of the unconscious but disagreed with his focus on instinctual drives and sexuality and created their own opposing theories.

Question 9

Which of the following theories focus on the inner workings of personality, especially internal conflicts and struggles?

Accepted Answer

A)  humanistic theories 
B)  psychodynamic theories 
C)  behaviorist theories 
D)  trait theories 
A)  humanistic theories 
B)  psychodynamic theories 
C)  behaviorist theories 
D)  trait theories

Question 10

Which personality theorist classified traits as central and secondary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Raymond Cattell 
B)  Julian Rotter 
C)  Gordon Allport 
D)  Alfred Adler 
A)  Raymond Cattell 
B)  Julian Rotter 
C)  Gordon Allport 
D)  Alfred Adler

Question 11

According to Karen Horney, the "modes of interacting" include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  moving toward others. 
B)  moving away from others. 
C)  moving and aiding others. 
D)  moving against others. 
A)  moving toward others. 
B)  moving away from others. 
C)  moving and aiding others. 
D)  moving against others.

Question 12

Concerning "honesty," strict learning theorists would say that

Accepted Answer

A)  "honesty" is considered a secondary trait. 
B)  "honesty" is the result of a lack of fixation during psychosocial development. 
C)  knowing a person is "honest" allows us to predict his or her behavior in a multitude of situations. 
D)  the specific situation would have to be known in order to make a "correct" prediction. 
A)  "honesty" is considered a secondary trait. 
B)  "honesty" is the result of a lack of fixation during psychosocial development. 
C)  knowing a person is "honest" allows us to predict his or her behavior in a multitude of situations. 
D)  the specific situation would have to be known in order to make a "correct" prediction.

Question 13

Which two of the following theories view human nature as being neutral?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalytic and behaviorist 
B)  psychoanalytic and humanistic 
C)  behaviorist and humanistic 
D)  trait and social learning 
A)  psychoanalytic and behaviorist 
B)  psychoanalytic and humanistic 
C)  behaviorist and humanistic 
D)  trait and social learning

Question 14

Eros was Freud's term for the death instinct.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Scott is out shopping at the local bookstore and stumbles on a rare 20-volume set of The Civil War Years: Crisis, Peril, and Triumph.He has wanted this set for years, but unfortunately right now, he's unable to afford it.If the personality structures proposed by psychoanalytic theory could talk, what would the ego likely say in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Get it! Get it! Get it!" 
B)  "Talk to the book store owner, see if you can put a small down payment on it to hold it, and then start saving up the money any way that you can." 
C)  "You really need this set of books.Why not just charge the whole thing on your already overburdened credit card?" 
D)  "You always want things you can't afford.You need to spend your money on necessities, not luxuries." 
A)  "Get it! Get it! Get it!" 
B)  "Talk to the book store owner, see if you can put a small down payment on it to hold it, and then start saving up the money any way that you can." 
C)  "You really need this set of books.Why not just charge the whole thing on your already overburdened credit card?" 
D)  "You always want things you can't afford.You need to spend your money on necessities, not luxuries."

Question 16

According to studies of the influence of heredity and environment on personality traits, heredity appears to be responsible for what percent of the variation in many personality traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 10 percent 
B)  about 25 to 55 percent 
C)  about 75 percent 
D)  at least 90 percent 
A)  less than 10 percent 
B)  about 25 to 55 percent 
C)  about 75 percent 
D)  at least 90 percent

Question 17

Regarding the four major theories of personality, the challenge now facing personality theorists is

Accepted Answer

A)  which one of the four major perspectives can best explain and predict behaviors. 
B)  to determine which of the four major perspectives can be scientifically validated. 
C)  how each theory can be used to assess personality and to make changes in maladaptive behaviors. 
D)  how to integrate these four major perspectives into a unified, systematic explanation of personality. 
A)  which one of the four major perspectives can best explain and predict behaviors. 
B)  to determine which of the four major perspectives can be scientifically validated. 
C)  how each theory can be used to assess personality and to make changes in maladaptive behaviors. 
D)  how to integrate these four major perspectives into a unified, systematic explanation of personality.

Question 18

Regarding self-reinforcement, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mildly depressed college students tend to have low rates of self-reinforcement. 
B)  Higher rates of self-reinforcement are associated with greater life satisfaction. 
C)  The use of self-reinforcement is closely related to high self-esteem. 
D)  Self-reinforcement can be thought of as the social learning theorist's counterpart to fixation. 
A)  Mildly depressed college students tend to have low rates of self-reinforcement. 
B)  Higher rates of self-reinforcement are associated with greater life satisfaction. 
C)  The use of self-reinforcement is closely related to high self-esteem. 
D)  Self-reinforcement can be thought of as the social learning theorist's counterpart to fixation.

Question 19

Citizenship, fairness, and leadership are some of the positive personality traits of the human strength, identified by Seligman and Peterson, as

Accepted Answer

A)  justice. 
B)  humanity. 
C)  courage. 
D)  temperance. 
A)  justice. 
B)  humanity. 
C)  courage. 
D)  temperance.

Question 20

The id resides only in the unconscious level of awareness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

When college students were asked to describe someone they knew well, they mentioned an average of __________ traits.

Five-year-old Ryan likes to spend as much time as he can with his dad and often tells people that "his dad is the smartest, strongest, and best dad in the whole world." According to social learning theorists, Ryan is

Which one of the following represents a basic element of shyness?

A self-defeating bias is defined as a(n)

At her job, Kara is hard working, organized, responsible, and punctual.She would score high on which dimension of the Big Five model of personality?

Dr.Malto is using an objective test that has ten clinical subscales that rate a person's tendencies for depression, hysteria, paranoia, psychasthenia, and mania.Dr.Malto is using the

When Jerome took the MMPI-2, he displayed a pattern of responses that indicated the presence of extreme suspiciousness and feelings of persecution.Jerome most likely had a high score on which clinical subscale of the MMPI-2?

What do the personality theorists Anna Freud and Otto Rank have in common?

Which of the following theories focus on the inner workings of personality, especially internal conflicts and struggles?

Which personality theorist classified traits as central and secondary?

According to Karen Horney, the "modes of interacting" include all of the following EXCEPT

Concerning "honesty," strict learning theorists would say that

Which two of the following theories view human nature as being neutral?

Eros was Freud's term for the death instinct.

According to studies of the influence of heredity and environment on personality traits, heredity appears to be responsible for what percent of the variation in many personality traits?

Regarding the four major theories of personality, the challenge now facing personality theorists is

Regarding self-reinforcement, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Citizenship, fairness, and leadership are some of the positive personality traits of the human strength, identified by Seligman and Peterson, as

The id resides only in the unconscious level of awareness.

Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters

Exam 12: Personality.

When college students were asked to describe someone they knew well, they mentioned an average of __________ traits.

Five-year-old Ryan likes to spend as much time as he can with his dad and often tells people that "his dad is the smartest, strongest, and best dad in the whole world." According to social learning theorists, Ryan is

Which one of the following represents a basic element of shyness?

A self-defeating bias is defined as​ a(n)

At her job, Kara is hard working, organized, responsible, and punctual.She would score high on which dimension of the Big Five model of personality?

Dr.Malto is using an objective test that has ten clinical subscales that rate a person's tendencies for depression, hysteria, paranoia, psychasthenia, and mania.Dr.Malto is using the

When Jerome took the MMPI-2, he displayed a pattern of responses that indicated the presence of extreme suspiciousness and feelings of persecution.Jerome most likely had a high score on which clinical subscale of the MMPI-2?​

What do the personality theorists Anna Freud and Otto Rank have in common?​

Which of the following theories focus on the inner workings of personality, especially internal conflicts and struggles?

Which personality theorist classified traits as central and secondary?

According to Karen Horney, the "modes of interacting" include all of the following EXCEPT

Concerning "honesty," strict learning theorists would say that

Which two of the following theories view human nature as being neutral?

Eros was Freud's term for the death instinct.

According to studies of the influence of heredity and environment on personality traits, heredity appears to be responsible for what percent of the variation in many personality traits?

Regarding the four major theories of personality, the challenge now facing personality theorists is

Regarding self-reinforcement, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Citizenship, fairness, and leadership are some of the positive personality traits of the human strength, identified by Seligman and Peterson, as

The id resides only in the unconscious level of awareness.

Psychology, Critical Thinking, and Science

Brain and Behavior.

Human Development

Sensation and Perception.

States of Consciousness.

Conditioning and Learning.

Memory.

Cognition, Language, and Creativity.

Intelligence.

Motivation and Emotion.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Health, Stress, and Coping.

Psychological Disorders.

Therapies.

Social Thinking and Social Influence.

Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior.

Applied Psychology.

Filters

A self-defeating bias is defined as a(n)

When Jerome took the MMPI-2, he displayed a pattern of responses that indicated the presence of extreme suspiciousness and feelings of persecution.Jerome most likely had a high score on which clinical subscale of the MMPI-2?

What do the personality theorists Anna Freud and Otto Rank have in common?