Exam 3: Chemical, Biological, and Physiological Aspects of Nutrition

Many nursing home residents have difficulty swallowing-a condition known as _____.

This is the chemical reaction that represents what usually happens when baking power reacts chemically while making a cake. This is an example of $\mathrm{NaAl}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}\right)_{2}+3 \mathrm{NaHCO}_{3} \rightarrow \mathrm{Al}(\mathrm{OH})_{3}+2 \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}+3 \mathrm{CO}_{2}$

Which mechanism enables substances to move through the cell membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration without any energy expenditure?

Fat-soluble molecules are absorbed into the _____ circulation.

Why does the smell of food being prepared at the mall food court make you think about eating—even if you aren’t hungry?

In the large intestine, slow, churning segmentation movements called haustral contractions help expose the undigested food residue to the absorptive (mucosal) lining of the colon.

Nutrients and oxygen are delivered to cells by the cardiovascular and _____ systems.

Which of the cell transport mechanisms requires energy?

If the movement of molecules in the body requires ATP and a transport protein, the transport system is _____.

_______________ beverages, such as sour lemonade, have a pH less than 7

A circular muscle called the _______________ regulates the flow of food between the stomach and the duodenum.

The primary cause of GERD is the relaxation osphincter.

Gastric relates to or pertains to the _____.

Why does the body have a different process for digesting and metabolizing fat than it does for carbohydrate and protein?

By detecting an imbalance, communicating information about this imbalance, and responding to this imbalance, the body is able to maintain _____.

The appendix is attached to the first portion of the large intestine known as the _____.

When an atom of fluorine gains an electron it becomes the _____.

Once water-soluble nutrients enter the bloodstream, they circulate directly to cells throughout the body.

GERD occurs when the unprotected lining of the _____ is repeatedly exposed to gastric juice.

_____ in the large intestine help to break down undigested food residue.