Exam 3: Chemical, Biological, and Physiological Aspects of Nutrition

The cardiovascular system consists of which two routes of circulation?

What is the narrow, muscular tube that connects the pharynx with the stomach called?

What transports blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs?

Pancreatic enzymes and bile are released into the duodenum in response to _____.

Jan is about to eat a slice of pizza. In what order will the pizza pass through the organs of her GI tract?

The structures that carry out intracellular activities are called _____.

When food is chewed and mixed with saliva in preparation for swallowing, what is the resulting substance called?

The exchange of materials, nutrients, and gases between the blood and the tissues is the primary function of the _____.

The _______________ is a circular muscle that regulates the flow of food between the esophagus and the stomach.

Bile is reabsorbed through the ileum and returned to the _____.

The environmenois called the _____ environment.

What traps nutrients and pulls them toward the enterocytes?

Gastric pit cells that release their secretions into the blood are called _____ cells.

As the pH of a glass of tomato juice decreases, it becomes ____.

The absorptive surface of the small intestine is called the _____.

The hormone insulin, which is produced by the cells of the pancreas, is released into the surrounding extracellular fluid by an energy-requiring process called _____.

ATP is generated in cellular structures called mitochondria.

Within the body’s cells, there are small membrane-bound compartments called _____ that carry out specialized functions that are critical for life.

Organs that make up the GI tract include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.

The small intestine is divided into three regions: the duodenum, the jejunum, and the _____.