Question 1

Saliva helps prevent infections due to its content of each of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Lactoferrin 
B)  Lysozymes 
C)  Lactoperoxidase 
D)  HCO3- 
E)  IgA 
A)  Lactoferrin 
B)  Lysozymes 
C)  Lactoperoxidase 
D)  HCO3- 
E)  IgA D

Question 2

W hich of the following enhances salivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fatigue 
B)  Fear 
C)  Dehydration 
D)  Sleep 
E)  Nausea 
A)  Fatigue 
B)  Fear 
C)  Dehydration 
D)  Sleep 
E)  Nausea E

Question 3

Sympathetic stimulation

Accepted Answer

A)  Increases mucus saliva production 
B)  Decreases mucus saliva production 
C)  Increases serous saliva production 
D)  Decreases serous saliva production 
E)  Has no effect on salivary secretion 
A)  Increases mucus saliva production 
B)  Decreases mucus saliva production 
C)  Increases serous saliva production 
D)  Decreases serous saliva production 
E)  Has no effect on salivary secretion A

Question 4

Secondary peristalsis is activated by

Accepted Answer

A)  The swallowing center 
B)  Relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter 
C)  Relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter 
D)  Covering of the glottis by the epiglottis 
E)  Stretch receptors in the esophagus 
A)  The swallowing center 
B)  Relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter 
C)  Relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter 
D)  Covering of the glottis by the epiglottis 
E)  Stretch receptors in the esophagus

Question 5

Parasympathetic stimulation

Accepted Answer

A)  Increases mucus saliva production 
B)  Decreases mucus saliva production 
C)  Increases serous saliva production 
D)  Decreases serous saliva production 
E)  Has no effect on salivary secretion 
A)  Increases mucus saliva production 
B)  Decreases mucus saliva production 
C)  Increases serous saliva production 
D)  Decreases serous saliva production 
E)  Has no effect on salivary secretion

Question 6

W hich of the following inhibits salivation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Smell of food 
B)  Nausea 
C)  Taste of food 
D)  Sleep 
E)  Mechanical stimulation of the oral cavity 
A)  Smell of food 
B)  Nausea 
C)  Taste of food 
D)  Sleep 
E)  Mechanical stimulation of the oral cavity

Question 7

Relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter during swallowing

Accepted Answer

A)  Is part of the swallowing program 
B)  Requires stretch of the esophagus 
C)  Requires an intact vagus nerve 
D)  Is a local response to stretch of the sphincter 
E)  Especially requires relaxation of the longitudinal muscle layer 
A)  Is part of the swallowing program 
B)  Requires stretch of the esophagus 
C)  Requires an intact vagus nerve 
D)  Is a local response to stretch of the sphincter 
E)  Especially requires relaxation of the longitudinal muscle layer

Question 8

Saliva may help heal wounds because it contains

Accepted Answer

A)  Lactoperoxidase 
B)  Amylase 
C)  Lactoferritin 
D)  Growth factors 
E)  A and C are correct 
A)  Lactoperoxidase 
B)  Amylase 
C)  Lactoferritin 
D)  Growth factors 
E)  A and C are correct

Question 9

Salivary secretion is generally lowest during

Accepted Answer

A)  Nausea 
B)  The interdigestive phase 
C)  Public speaking 
D)  Sleep 
E)  Tasting of bitter substances 
A)  Nausea 
B)  The interdigestive phase 
C)  Public speaking 
D)  Sleep 
E)  Tasting of bitter substances

Question 10

The primary salivary secretion is produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  The acinar cells 
B)  Intercalated ducts 
C)  Striated ducts 
D)  Interlobular ducts 
E)  Intralobular ducts 
A)  The acinar cells 
B)  Intercalated ducts 
C)  Striated ducts 
D)  Interlobular ducts 
E)  Intralobular ducts

Question 11

The swallowing center is located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Pons 
B)  Medulla 
C)  Otic ganglion 
D)  Upper Pharynx 
E)  Epiglottis 
A)  Pons 
B)  Medulla 
C)  Otic ganglion 
D)  Upper Pharynx 
E)  Epiglottis

Question 12

The parotid gland secretes

Accepted Answer

A)  Pepsinogen 
B)  Pepsin 
C)  Mucin 
D)  Serous saliva 
E)  CCK 
A)  Pepsinogen 
B)  Pepsin 
C)  Mucin 
D)  Serous saliva 
E)  CCK

Question 13

W hich of the following is NOT a major physiological function of chewing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chewing reduces particle size to enable swallowing 
B)  Chewing reduces particle size to enhance surface area for digestion 
C)  Chewing relaxes nervous people 
D)  Chewing mixes food with saliva 
E)  Chewing reduces “sharp edges” of vegetative matter 
A)  Chewing reduces particle size to enable swallowing 
B)  Chewing reduces particle size to enhance surface area for digestion 
C)  Chewing relaxes nervous people 
D)  Chewing mixes food with saliva 
E)  Chewing reduces “sharp edges” of vegetative matter

Question 14

CNS control of salivation resides in the salivary nuclei in the

Accepted Answer

A)  Otic ganglion 
B)  Medulla 
C)  Pons 
D)  Tectum 
E)  Hypothalamus 
A)  Otic ganglion 
B)  Medulla 
C)  Pons 
D)  Tectum 
E)  Hypothalamus

Question 15

The major salivary glands that produces serous saliva are the

Accepted Answer

A)  Sublingual glands 
B)  Parotid glands 
C)  Submandibular glands 
D)  Supraoptic glands 
E)  Buccal glands 
A)  Sublingual glands 
B)  Parotid glands 
C)  Submandibular glands 
D)  Supraoptic glands 
E)  Buccal glands

Question 16

Secondary peristalsis

Accepted Answer

A)  Cannot occur after vagotomy (cutting of the vagus nerve) 
B)  Is a local reflex 
C)  Requires stretch of the upper esophageal sphincter 
D)  Requires contraction of the upper esophageal sphincter 
E)  Occurs only with liquids 
A)  Cannot occur after vagotomy (cutting of the vagus nerve) 
B)  Is a local reflex 
C)  Requires stretch of the upper esophageal sphincter 
D)  Requires contraction of the upper esophageal sphincter 
E)  Occurs only with liquids

Question 17

Once initiated, swallowing

Accepted Answer

A)  Is sustained by sensory inputs from material in the pharynx 
B)  Is voluntary 
C)  Is not a programmed event 
D)  Begins with vagal stimulation of the myenteric plexus in the esophagus 
E)  Activates only sm ooth muscle 
A)  Is sustained by sensory inputs from material in the pharynx 
B)  Is voluntary 
C)  Is not a programmed event 
D)  Begins with vagal stimulation of the myenteric plexus in the esophagus 
E)  Activates only sm ooth muscle

Exam 55: Mouth and Esophagus

Saliva helps prevent infections due to its content of each of the following EXCEPT

W hich of the following enhances salivation?

Sympathetic stimulation

Secondary peristalsis is activated by

Parasympathetic stimulation

W hich of the following inhibits salivation?

Relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter during swallowing

Saliva may help heal wounds because it contains

Salivary secretion is generally lowest during

The primary salivary secretion is produced by

The swallowing center is located in the

The parotid gland secretes

W hich of the following is NOT a major physiological function of chewing?

CNS control of salivation resides in the salivary nuclei in the

The major salivary glands that produces serous saliva are the

Secondary peristalsis

Once initiated, swallowing

Physical Foundations Ii: Electrical Force Potential Capacitance and Current

Chemical Foundations I: Chemical Energy and Intermolecular Forces

Chemical Foundations Ii: Concentration and Kinetics

Diffusion

Electrochemical Potential and Free Energy

Cell Structure

Dna and Protein Synthesis

Protein Structure

Biological Membranes

Passive Transport and Facilitated Diffusion

Active Transport: Pumps and Exchangers

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure

Cell Signaling

ATP Production I: Glycolysis

Atp Production Ii: Tca Cycle and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Atp Production Iii: Fatty Acid Oxidation and Amino Acid Oxidation

Origin of the Membrane Potential

The Action Potential

Propagation of the Action Potential

Skeletal Muscle Mechanics

Contractile Mechanisms in Skeletal Muscle

Neuromuscular Junction and Ec Coupling

Muscle Energetics Fatigue and Training

Smooth Muscle

Organization of the Nervous System

Cells Synapses and Neurotransmitters

Cutaneous Sensory Systems

Spinal Reflexes

Balance and Control of Movement

the Chemical Senses

Hearing

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Autonomic Nervous System

Overview of the Cv System and Blood

Plasma and Red Blood Cells

White Blood Cells and Inflammation

The Heart As a Pump

Cellular Basis of Cardiac Contractility

the Cardiac Function Curve

Vascular Function: Hemodynamics

Microcirculation and Solute Exchange

Regulation of Perfusion

Integration of Cardiac Output and Venous Return

Regulation of Arterial Pressure

Mechanics of Breathing

Lung Volumes and Airway Resistance

Gas Exchange in the Lung

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Acid Base Physiology I Bicarbonate Buffers and Respiratory Compensation

Control of Ventilation

Anatomy and Renal Overview

Glomerular Filtration

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

Concentration and Dilution of Urine

The Stomach

Intestinal and Colonic Motility

Pancreatic and Biliary Secretion

Digestion and Absorption of the Macronutrients

Energy Balance and Regulation of Food Intake

General Principles of Endocrinology

Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

The Thyroid Gland