Question 1

Compare and contrast the prokaryotic and eukaryotic light- gathering apparatuses.

Accepted Answer

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes use chlo

Question 2

Chemolithotrophic utilization of compounds requires the participation of several specific enzymes. The oxidation of hydrogen requires the enzyme , _______the oxidation of sulfur requires ________ ,_______ participates in the oxidation of iron, and_______ participates in the oxidation of nitrite. The oxidation of ammonia requires the participation of two enzymes, ________ and_______ .

Accepted Answer

hydrogenase / sulfite oxidase

Question 3

Ammonia oxidized under aerobic conditions is a metabolism called anammox.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

"Special pair" is the name given to the________ in the photochemical complex of the purple bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  two quinones 
B)  two bacteriochlorophyll b molecules 
C)  two bacteriochlorophyll a molecules 
D)  two reaction centers 
A)  two quinones 
B)  two bacteriochlorophyll b molecules 
C)  two bacteriochlorophyll a molecules 
D)  two reaction centers

Question 5

The path of electron flow in oxygenic phototrophs is referred to as the________ scheme.

Accepted Answer

A)  Q 
B)  E 
C)  Z 
D)  S 
A)  Q 
B)  E 
C)  Z 
D)  S

Question 6

In most cases, the final product of sulfur oxidation is

Accepted Answer

A)  sulfate. 
B)  thiosulfate. 
C)  hydrogen sulfide. 
D)  elemental sulfur. 
A)  sulfate. 
B)  thiosulfate. 
C)  hydrogen sulfide. 
D)  elemental sulfur.

Question 7

Phycoerythrin proteins absorb red light most strongly.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Explain why the discovery of iron- oxidizing phototrophs has important implications for both understanding the evolution of photosynthesis and explaining the large deposits of ferric iron (Fe3+) found in ancient sediments on Earth.

Accepted Answer

The sediments containing Fe³⁺predate the e

Question 9

The pigments and all the components of the light- gathering apparatus are located within_______systems.

Accepted Answer

photosynth

Question 10

The Calvin cycle

Accepted Answer

A)  requires both ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase and phosphoribulokinase. 
B)  is responsible for the fixation of CO2 into cell material. 
C)  utilizes both NAD(P)H and ATP. 
D)  does all of the above. 
A)  requires both ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase and phosphoribulokinase. 
B)  is responsible for the fixation of CO2 into cell material. 
C)  utilizes both NAD(P)H and ATP. 
D)  does all of the above.

Question 11

Anammoxosome lipids consist of fatty acids containing ________that are connected to glycerol by both ester and ether bonds.

Accepted Answer

multiple f

Question 12

Explain why it would be advantageous for a photosynthetic microorganism to have more than one type of chlorophyll or bacteriochlorophyll.

Accepted Answer

Each type of chlorophyll or ba

Question 13

________is the process by which CO2 is assimilated as a carbon source.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________is the process by which CO2 is...

Question 14

Phototrophic purple bacteria such as Rhodobacter species grow only by photosynthesis, using bacteriochlorophylls to harvest light.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The absorption of_________ by chlorophylls begins the process of_________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP / autotrophy 
B)  light energy / photosynthetic energy conversion 
C)  ATP / photosynthetic energy conversion 
D)  light quanta / autotrophy 
A)  ATP / autotrophy 
B)  light energy / photosynthetic energy conversion 
C)  ATP / photosynthetic energy conversion 
D)  light quanta / autotrophy

Question 16

Explain the Calvin cycle process that produces a full molecule of glucose and regenerates the ribulose bisphosphate molecule.

Accepted Answer

It takes 6 CO₂and 6 ribulose bisphosphate

Question 17

The process by which electrons from the quinone pool are forced against the thermodynamic gradient to reduce NAD+ to NADH is called reverse

Accepted Answer

A)  proton motive force. 
B)  energy flow. 
C)  reduction. 
D)  electron flow. 
A)  proton motive force. 
B)  energy flow. 
C)  reduction. 
D)  electron flow.

Question 18

Regarding CO2 fixation mechanisms in the autotrophic green sulfur bacteria,

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlorobium uses the hydroxypropionate pathway, and Chloroflexus uses the reverse citric acid cycle. 
B)  Chlorobium uses the reverse citric acid cycle, and Chloroflexus uses the hydroxypropionate pathway. 
C)  both Chlorobium and Chloroflexus use the reverse citric acid cycle. 
D)  both Chlorobium and Chloroflexus use the hydroxypropionate pathway. 
A)  Chlorobium uses the hydroxypropionate pathway, and Chloroflexus uses the reverse citric acid cycle. 
B)  Chlorobium uses the reverse citric acid cycle, and Chloroflexus uses the hydroxypropionate pathway. 
C)  both Chlorobium and Chloroflexus use the reverse citric acid cycle. 
D)  both Chlorobium and Chloroflexus use the hydroxypropionate pathway.

Question 19

Whether an organism is classified as a photoheterotroph or a photoautotroph depends on its

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen requirements. 
B)  energy source. 
C)  carbon source. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  oxygen requirements. 
B)  energy source. 
C)  carbon source. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 20

Intracytoplasmic membrane systems housing vesicles known as chromatophores, which function in photosynthesis, are commonly found in

Accepted Answer

A)  algae. 
B)  purple phototrophic bacteria. 
C)  most autotrophic organisms. 
D)  green sulfur bacteria. 
A)  algae. 
B)  purple phototrophic bacteria. 
C)  most autotrophic organisms. 
D)  green sulfur bacteria.

Exam 13: Phototrophy, Chemolithotrophy, and Major Biosyntheses

Compare and contrast the prokaryotic and eukaryotic light- gathering apparatuses.

Ammonia oxidized under aerobic conditions is a metabolism called anammox.

"Special pair" is the name given to the________ in the photochemical complex of the purple bacteria.

The path of electron flow in oxygenic phototrophs is referred to as the________ scheme.

In most cases, the final product of sulfur oxidation is

Phycoerythrin proteins absorb red light most strongly.

Explain why the discovery of iron- oxidizing phototrophs has important implications for both understanding the evolution of photosynthesis and explaining the large deposits of ferric iron (Fe3+) found in ancient sediments on Earth.

The pigments and all the components of the light- gathering apparatus are located within_______systems.

The Calvin cycle

Anammoxosome lipids consist of fatty acids containing ________that are connected to glycerol by both ester and ether bonds.

Explain why it would be advantageous for a photosynthetic microorganism to have more than one type of chlorophyll or bacteriochlorophyll.

________is the process by which CO2 is assimilated as a carbon source.

Phototrophic purple bacteria such as Rhodobacter species grow only by photosynthesis, using bacteriochlorophylls to harvest light.

The absorption of_________ by chlorophylls begins the process of_________ .

Explain the Calvin cycle process that produces a full molecule of glucose and regenerates the ribulose bisphosphate molecule.

The process by which electrons from the quinone pool are forced against the thermodynamic gradient to reduce NAD+ to NADH is called reverse

Regarding CO2 fixation mechanisms in the autotrophic green sulfur bacteria,

Whether an organism is classified as a photoheterotroph or a photoautotroph depends on its

Intracytoplasmic membrane systems housing vesicles known as chromatophores, which function in photosynthesis, are commonly found in

Microorganisms and Microbiology

A Brief Journey to the Microbial World

Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea

Nutrition, Culture, and Metabolism of Microorganisms

Microbial Growth

Molecular Biology of Bacteria

Archael and Eukaryotic Molecular Biology

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses and Virology

Genetics of Bacteria and Arachaea

Genetic Engineering

Microbial Genomics

Catabolism of Organic Compounds

Commercial Products and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Bacteria: the Proteobacteria

Other Bacteria

Archaea

Eukaryotic Cell Biology and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Viral Diversity

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Major Microbial Habitats and Diversity

Nutrient Cycles, Biodegradation, and Bioremediation

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Growth Control

Microbial Interactions With Humans

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Molecular Immunology

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________is the process by which CO₂ is assimilated as a carbon source.

The absorption of_ by chlorophylls begins the process of_ .