Question 1

Cellular integrity and cell wall stabilization of the Halobacterium are aided by

Accepted Answer

A)  magnesium ions. 
B)  chloride ions. 
C)  sodium ions. 
D)  potassium ions. 
A)  magnesium ions. 
B)  chloride ions. 
C)  sodium ions. 
D)  potassium ions.

Question 2

Thermostable proteins tend to have additional features that improve thermostability. Which of the following is NOT one of these features?

Accepted Answer

A)  highly hydrophilic cores 
B)  decreased tendency of the protein to unfold 
C)  highly hydrophobic cores 
D)  increased ionic interactions on the protein surfaces 
A)  highly hydrophilic cores 
B)  decreased tendency of the protein to unfold 
C)  highly hydrophobic cores 
D)  increased ionic interactions on the protein surfaces

Question 3

While many Archaea are bacillus or coccus in shape, unusual morphologies such as square, flattened and irregular discs have also been identified in certain species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

When retinal in bacteriorhodopsin becomes excited, it switches from the trans to cis configuration, which facilitates the translocation of photons across the cytoplasmic membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Archaeal histones assist in maintaining the DNA in a double- stranded form at very high temperatures in species of Euryarchaeota.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

One factor that seems to aid in maintaining lipid stability in hyperthermophilic Archaea is that dibiphytanyl tetraether lipids form a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  interlocking bilayer cytoplasmic membrane. 
B)  covalently bonded monolayer cytoplasmic membrane. 
C)  interlocking lattice with the cell wall. 
D)  pseudomembrane immediately inside the cytoplasmic membrane. 
A)  interlocking bilayer cytoplasmic membrane. 
B)  covalently bonded monolayer cytoplasmic membrane. 
C)  interlocking lattice with the cell wall. 
D)  pseudomembrane immediately inside the cytoplasmic membrane.

Question 7

With few exceptions, hyperthermophilic crenarchaeotes are obligate aerobes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Halophilic Archaea have been found in marine salterns, which are enclosed basins filled with seawater that are left to evaporate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Some Archaea oxidize acetate to CO2 using

Accepted Answer

A)  the citric acid cycle. 
B)  the acetyl- CoA pathway. 
C)  variations on the citric acid cycle. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  the citric acid cycle. 
B)  the acetyl- CoA pathway. 
C)  variations on the citric acid cycle. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 10

Compared with other Archaea, hyperthermophilic crenarchaeotes are thought to be

Accepted Answer

A)  evolving faster. 
B)  undergoing erratic evolutionary progression. 
C)  evolving at about the same pace. 
D)  evolving slower. 
A)  evolving faster. 
B)  undergoing erratic evolutionary progression. 
C)  evolving at about the same pace. 
D)  evolving slower.

Question 11

Methanogens

Accepted Answer

A)  utilize methane as an energy source. 
B)  process and store methane as a part of their repair mechanism. 
C)  produce methane as a part of their energy metabolism. 
D)  do all of the above. 
A)  utilize methane as an energy source. 
B)  process and store methane as a part of their repair mechanism. 
C)  produce methane as a part of their energy metabolism. 
D)  do all of the above.

Question 12

What is the minimum concentration of sodium chloride that an extreme halophile requires for growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 M 
B)  6 M 
C)  4 M 
D)  10 M 
A)  2 M 
B)  6 M 
C)  4 M 
D)  10 M

Question 13

Which statement is TRUE of methanogenic and extremely halophilic Archaea?

Accepted Answer

A)  The methanogens are obligate aerobes; the extreme halophiles are obligate anaerobes. 
B)  The methanogens are obligate anaerobes; the extreme halophiles are mostly obligate aerobes. 
C)  Both the methanogens and the extreme halophiles are obligate aerobes. 
D)  Both the methanogens and the extreme halophiles are obligate anaerobes. 
A)  The methanogens are obligate aerobes; the extreme halophiles are obligate anaerobes. 
B)  The methanogens are obligate anaerobes; the extreme halophiles are mostly obligate aerobes. 
C)  Both the methanogens and the extreme halophiles are obligate aerobes. 
D)  Both the methanogens and the extreme halophiles are obligate anaerobes.

Question 14

Laboratory isolation of Nanoarchaeum equitans requires the presence of

Accepted Answer

A)  fatty acids. 
B)  sunlight. 
C)  oxygen. 
D)  Ignicoccus. 
A)  fatty acids. 
B)  sunlight. 
C)  oxygen. 
D)  Ignicoccus.

Question 15

The light- stimulated proton pump of Halobacterium salinarum functions to pump sodium out of the cell by the activity of a Na+/H+ antiport system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The topoisomerase_________ introduces positive supercoils in DNA, which stabilizes DNA and prevents the DNA helix from denaturing at high temperatures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The topoisomerase_________ introduces positive supercoils in DNA,...

Question 17

Halobacterium salinarum and certain other extreme halophiles carry out light- driven synthesis of ATP under what condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  high carbon dioxide concentrations 
B)  low light 
C)  low oxygen concentrations 
D)  high oxygen concentrations 
A)  high carbon dioxide concentrations 
B)  low light 
C)  low oxygen concentrations 
D)  high oxygen concentrations

Question 18

Thermoplasma metabolizes organic compounds leached from hot coal refuse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Hot sulfur- rich environments are called_______ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hot sulfur- rich environments are called_______ ....

Question 20

Some strains of Halobacterium exhibit

Accepted Answer

A)  reduction of nitrate or fumarate. 
B)  anaerobic respiration. 
C)  anoxic growth at the expense of sugar fermentation. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  reduction of nitrate or fumarate. 
B)  anaerobic respiration. 
C)  anoxic growth at the expense of sugar fermentation. 
D)  all of the above.

Exam 19: Archaea

Cellular integrity and cell wall stabilization of the Halobacterium are aided by

Thermostable proteins tend to have additional features that improve thermostability. Which of the following is NOT one of these features?

While many Archaea are bacillus or coccus in shape, unusual morphologies such as square, flattened and irregular discs have also been identified in certain species.

When retinal in bacteriorhodopsin becomes excited, it switches from the trans to cis configuration, which facilitates the translocation of photons across the cytoplasmic membrane.

Archaeal histones assist in maintaining the DNA in a double- stranded form at very high temperatures in species of Euryarchaeota.

One factor that seems to aid in maintaining lipid stability in hyperthermophilic Archaea is that dibiphytanyl tetraether lipids form a(n)

With few exceptions, hyperthermophilic crenarchaeotes are obligate aerobes.

Halophilic Archaea have been found in marine salterns, which are enclosed basins filled with seawater that are left to evaporate.

Some Archaea oxidize acetate to CO2 using

Compared with other Archaea, hyperthermophilic crenarchaeotes are thought to be

Methanogens

What is the minimum concentration of sodium chloride that an extreme halophile requires for growth?

Which statement is TRUE of methanogenic and extremely halophilic Archaea?

Laboratory isolation of Nanoarchaeum equitans requires the presence of

The light- stimulated proton pump of Halobacterium salinarum functions to pump sodium out of the cell by the activity of a Na+/H+ antiport system.

The topoisomerase_________ introduces positive supercoils in DNA, which stabilizes DNA and prevents the DNA helix from denaturing at high temperatures.

Halobacterium salinarum and certain other extreme halophiles carry out light- driven synthesis of ATP under what condition?

Thermoplasma metabolizes organic compounds leached from hot coal refuse.

Hot sulfur- rich environments are called_______ .

Some strains of Halobacterium exhibit

Microorganisms and Microbiology

A Brief Journey to the Microbial World

Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea

Nutrition, Culture, and Metabolism of Microorganisms

Microbial Growth

Molecular Biology of Bacteria

Archael and Eukaryotic Molecular Biology

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses and Virology

Genetics of Bacteria and Arachaea

Genetic Engineering

Microbial Genomics

Phototrophy, Chemolithotrophy, and Major Biosyntheses

Catabolism of Organic Compounds

Commercial Products and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Bacteria: the Proteobacteria

Other Bacteria

Eukaryotic Cell Biology and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Viral Diversity

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Major Microbial Habitats and Diversity

Nutrient Cycles, Biodegradation, and Bioremediation

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Growth Control

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Microbial Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Microbial Pathogens

Wastewater Treatment, Water Purification, and Waterborne Microbial Diseases

Food Preservation and Foodborne Microbial Diseases

Filters

Some Archaea oxidize acetate to CO₂ using