Question 1

The quinolones are synthetic antibacterial compounds that

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the supercoiling rate in the bacterial DNA. 
B)  prevent the formation of pre- RNA segments. 
C)  inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase. 
D)  do all of the above. 
A)  increase the supercoiling rate in the bacterial DNA. 
B)  prevent the formation of pre- RNA segments. 
C)  inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase. 
D)  do all of the above.

Question 2

The antimicrobial effects of microwaves are due, at least in part, to thermal effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Any chemical that kills or inhibits growth of a microorganism is called a(n)__________ agent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Any chemical that kills or inhibits growth...

Question 4

Interferon is specific to the

Accepted Answer

A)  host cell. 
B)  host cell and virus. 
C)  protein. 
D)  virus. 
A)  host cell. 
B)  host cell and virus. 
C)  protein. 
D)  virus.

Question 5

Drug resistance to the sulfonamides has remained low while many other types of antibiotics have remained constant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The causative agent for rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, and strep throat is ___________.

Accepted Answer

Streptococ

Question 7

Discuss the production of new analogs of existing antimicrobial compounds.

Accepted Answer

Automated (computational) discovery of a

Question 8

The__________ act by inhibiting protein synthesis at the 30S subunit of the ribosome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The__________ act by inhibiting protein synthesis at...

Question 9

Ergosterol inhibitors specifically target

Accepted Answer

A)  viruses. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  eukaryotes. 
A)  viruses. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  eukaryotes.

Question 10

At present, the penicillins and the cephalosporins account for __________of all the antibiotics produced and used worldwide.

Accepted Answer

A)  less than 10% 
B)  over 50% 
C)  about 25% 
D)  well over 70% 
A)  less than 10% 
B)  over 50% 
C)  about 25% 
D)  well over 70%

Question 11

Explain the problems now faced in treating Candida infections in humans.

Accepted Answer

Candida are eukaryotes, so many drugs wi

Question 12

Pasteurization is synonymous with sterilization; the only difference is that the term pasteurization is used with heat sensitive foods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Many Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains have developed fi- lactamases that cleave the fi- lactam rings, which provides them with resistance to certain antibiotics.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Agents that kill bacteria are said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteriostatic. 
B)  inhibitory. 
C)  bacteriocidal. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  bacteriostatic. 
B)  inhibitory. 
C)  bacteriocidal. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 15

The action of some bacteriolytic chemical agents can be observed by noting a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease in the turbidity of the medium. 
B)  increase in the turbidity of the medium. 
C)  change in the color of the medium. 
D)  change in the surface tension of the medium. 
A)  decrease in the turbidity of the medium. 
B)  increase in the turbidity of the medium. 
C)  change in the color of the medium. 
D)  change in the surface tension of the medium.

Question 16

Radiation energy output is reported in__________ units, and absorbed radiation dosage is measured in __________.

Accepted Answer

roentgen /

Question 17

The complete elimination of all microorganisms, including viruses, is called

Accepted Answer

A)  disinfection. 
B)  decontamination. 
C)  sterilization. 
D)  any of the above, depending on the circumstances. 
A)  disinfection. 
B)  decontamination. 
C)  sterilization. 
D)  any of the above, depending on the circumstances.

Question 18

Common radioactive isotopes for sterilization are

Accepted Answer

A)  cobalt and potassium. 
B)  cobalt and iodine. 
C)  cobalt and cesium. 
D)  cesium and potassium. 
A)  cobalt and potassium. 
B)  cobalt and iodine. 
C)  cobalt and cesium. 
D)  cesium and potassium.

Question 19

Isoniazid interferes with the synthesis of the mycobacterial- specific mycolic acid cell wall material.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

UV radiation is antimicrobial, because

Accepted Answer

A)  radiation generates magnetic poles that denature the cellular components. 
B)  radiation generates significant amounts of heat within the given cell. 
C)  energy present causes modifications or breaks in the DNA molecules. 
D)  all of the above are true. 
A)  radiation generates magnetic poles that denature the cellular components. 
B)  radiation generates significant amounts of heat within the given cell. 
C)  energy present causes modifications or breaks in the DNA molecules. 
D)  all of the above are true.

Exam 26: Microbial Growth Control

The quinolones are synthetic antibacterial compounds that

The antimicrobial effects of microwaves are due, at least in part, to thermal effects.

Any chemical that kills or inhibits growth of a microorganism is called a(n)__________ agent.

Interferon is specific to the

Drug resistance to the sulfonamides has remained low while many other types of antibiotics have remained constant.

The causative agent for rheumatic fever, scarlet fever, and strep throat is ___________.

Discuss the production of new analogs of existing antimicrobial compounds.

The__________ act by inhibiting protein synthesis at the 30S subunit of the ribosome.

Ergosterol inhibitors specifically target

At present, the penicillins and the cephalosporins account for __________of all the antibiotics produced and used worldwide.

Explain the problems now faced in treating Candida infections in humans.

Pasteurization is synonymous with sterilization; the only difference is that the term pasteurization is used with heat sensitive foods.

Many Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains have developed fi- lactamases that cleave the fi- lactam rings, which provides them with resistance to certain antibiotics.

Agents that kill bacteria are said to be

The action of some bacteriolytic chemical agents can be observed by noting a(n)

Radiation energy output is reported in__________ units, and absorbed radiation dosage is measured in __________.

The complete elimination of all microorganisms, including viruses, is called

Common radioactive isotopes for sterilization are

Isoniazid interferes with the synthesis of the mycobacterial- specific mycolic acid cell wall material.

UV radiation is antimicrobial, because

Microorganisms and Microbiology

A Brief Journey to the Microbial World

Cell Structure and Function in Bacteria and Archaea

Nutrition, Culture, and Metabolism of Microorganisms

Microbial Growth

Molecular Biology of Bacteria

Archael and Eukaryotic Molecular Biology

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses and Virology

Genetics of Bacteria and Arachaea

Genetic Engineering

Microbial Genomics

Phototrophy, Chemolithotrophy, and Major Biosyntheses

Catabolism of Organic Compounds

Commercial Products and Biotechnology

Microbial Evolution and Systematics

Bacteria: the Proteobacteria

Other Bacteria

Archaea

Eukaryotic Cell Biology and Eukaryotic Microorganisms

Viral Diversity

Methods in Microbial Ecology

Major Microbial Habitats and Diversity

Nutrient Cycles, Biodegradation, and Bioremediation

Microbial Symbioses

Microbial Interactions With Humans

Immunity and Host Defense

Immune Mechanisms

Molecular Immunology

Diagnostic Microbiology and Immunology

Epidemiology

Person-To-Person Microbial Diseases

Vectorborne and Soilborne Microbial Pathogens

Wastewater Treatment, Water Purification, and Waterborne Microbial Diseases

Food Preservation and Foodborne Microbial Diseases

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Radiation energy output is reported in units, and absorbed radiation dosage is measured in .