Exam 29: Immune Mechanisms

When granzymes enter a target cell, the target cell undergoes __________.

Briefly describe classical complement activation and cell damage.

When dendritic cells ingest antigen, they migrate to the__________ , where they present the antigen to T lymphocytes.

Antibody- mediated immunity is particularly effective against

CD4 and CD8 proteins are used for in vitro tests as T cell markers to differentiate TH cells from TC cells.

Pattern- recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize a(n) __________on a microbial cell or virus.

The PAMP-PRR interaction can trigger the production of toxic oxygen compounds that can cause pathogen death.

Staphylococcus aureus produces carotenoids that neutralize singlet oxygen and prevent killing.

Briefly describe how B cells are activated.

HLAs are responsible for immune- mediated organ transplant rejection.

Proteins derived from infecting viruses are taken up and digested in the cytoplasm in a structure called the ___________ .

T cell- target cell interactions induce specialized Tc cells to produce__________ that kill virus infected target cells.

PRRs were first observed in phagocytes in Drosophila where they are called Toll receptors.

All antigens are immunogens.

Which of the following are found on the surfaces of all nucleated cells?

Briefly describe the effect of deposition of antibody or complex on the surface of a pathogen or antigen in relation to opsonization.

Which of the following enzymes are secreted by TH1 to activate macrophages?

Complex polysaccharides that are not recognized by TCRs may be bound by immunoglobulin receptors on __________.

Injections given by parenteral routes, usually by injection, are normally more effective than those given topically or orally.

Antigen processing