Exam 35: Wastewater Treatment, Water Purification, and Waterborne Microbial Diseases

The term coliform is a(n)________ rather than taxonomic term, because the coliforms include ________.

Severe diarrhea with "rice water" stools is characteristic of the pathogenic bacterium________.

The most common route of transmission of Salmonella typhi worldwide is through

Cholera can be transmitted by water or food.

Typhoid fever has been virtually (although not completely) eliminated from developed countries.

What activity is used to distinguish Escherichia coli from other coliforms?

The presence of specific________ signals that a given water source might be contaminated with pathogens.

Coliforms can be present in 5% of drinking water samples tested within a month and still be considered safe according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Backpacking in the wilderness rarely involves carrying bulk quantities of water while hiking, so water is often obtained on a daily basis from natural water sources such as rivers and streams. In situations such as this, what is the preferred method to kill all living cells in the water, and why are other possible methods less favorable?

Describe floc formation in the activated sludge process.

Tertiary treatment of wastewater is a _________ process.

The exact number of pathogens necessary to cause disease is a function of both the________of the pathogen and the general ability of the host to________ .

Why are antibiotics of little value by themselves in the treatment of cholera?

Complete wastewater treatment involves ________, ________, and ________treatments to remove or neutralize contaminants.

In water, most taste- and odor- producing compounds are inorganic in nature.

Water leaving an efficient wastewater treatment facility ideally has a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) between ________units.

Fifteen high school students visited a local farm in central Wisconsin for a weekend where they enjoyed petting farm animals, riding horses, and campfire meals. With sanitation in mind, only one individual remembered to wash her hands with water pumped from a well after petting the animals before dinner. After two weeks of the girl passing out at random occasions, she was rushed into the emergency room where doctors determined she was severely dehydrated. Explain how it took direct observation of a fecal sample to solve this potential life- threatening disease and how this disease was treated in the otherwise healthy girl. Also mention any necessary precautions the individual should have taken after being diagnosed with the disease.

The goal of tertiary wastewater treatment is to sharply reduce the levels of ________from the final effluent.

The relative amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by microorganisms to completely oxidize all organic and inorganic matter in a water sample is known as the________ .

What is the medium used in the membrane filter (MF) procedure to differentiate fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli?