Question 1

-This is a sagittal section through the abdominopelvic cavity. What structures does "E" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Visceral peritoneum (covers organs) 
B)  Mesentery 
C)  Parietal peritoneum (lines cavity) 
D)  Retroperitoneal organs 
E)  Peritoneal cavity 
A)  Visceral peritoneum (covers organs) 
B)  Mesentery 
C)  Parietal peritoneum (lines cavity) 
D)  Retroperitoneal organs 
E)  Peritoneal cavity

Question 2

Parathyroid hormone functions to increase calcium ion levels in blood. If its secretion is regulated through negative feedback, under which conditions would this hormone normally be released?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parathyroid hormone secretion occurs when blood calcium levels are too low. 
B)  Parathyroid hormone secretion occurs when blood calcium levels are too high. 
C)  Parathyroid secretion is constant to maintain blood calcium levels. 
D)  Parathyroid hormone secretion increases in the morning and decreases in the afternoon. 
A)  Parathyroid hormone secretion occurs when blood calcium levels are too low. 
B)  Parathyroid hormone secretion occurs when blood calcium levels are too high. 
C)  Parathyroid secretion is constant to maintain blood calcium levels. 
D)  Parathyroid hormone secretion increases in the morning and decreases in the afternoon.

Question 3

The study of tissues is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cytology 
B)  histology 
C)  molecular biology 
D)  microbiology 
E)  surface anatomy 
A)  cytology 
B)  histology 
C)  molecular biology 
D)  microbiology 
E)  surface anatomy

Question 4

A molecular biologist discovers that if a specific drug effectively treats obesity in mice, what can researchers conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the drug was effective in a large number of mice, it will therefore be effective in humans. 
B)  If the drug was effective in a small proportion of mice, it will be effective in a small proportion of humans. 
C)  The mice have provided a positive control in this experiment that proves the drug is effective in humans. 
D)  The drug is effective in the mouse model; it must still be tested in humans. 
E)  The effect of the drug on mice has no bearing on the effect of the drug on humans. 
A)  If the drug was effective in a large number of mice, it will therefore be effective in humans. 
B)  If the drug was effective in a small proportion of mice, it will be effective in a small proportion of humans. 
C)  The mice have provided a positive control in this experiment that proves the drug is effective in humans. 
D)  The drug is effective in the mouse model; it must still be tested in humans. 
E)  The effect of the drug on mice has no bearing on the effect of the drug on humans.

Question 5

It has been suggested by some scientists that early exposure to antibiotics that significantly change the makeup of the microbes in the human intestines may increase a person's susceptibility to autoimmune diseases like Crohn's disease and asthma.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

There are more microbial cells than human cells in your body, and the health of this microbiota clearly influences human well-being. How many microbes are there?

Accepted Answer

A)  For every cell in your body, there are ten microbial cells. 
B)  For every cell in your body, there are one hundred microbial cells. 
C)  For every cell in your body, there are one thousand microbial cells. 
D)  For every cell in your body, there are ten thousand microbial cells. 
A)  For every cell in your body, there are ten microbial cells. 
B)  For every cell in your body, there are one hundred microbial cells. 
C)  For every cell in your body, there are one thousand microbial cells. 
D)  For every cell in your body, there are ten thousand microbial cells.

Question 7

A vertical plane that separates the body into right and left portions is called a ________ plane.

Accepted Answer

A)  sagittal 
B)  transverse 
C)  frontal 
D)  horizontal 
E)  coronal 
A)  sagittal 
B)  transverse 
C)  frontal 
D)  horizontal 
E)  coronal

Question 8

A cut along which plane would result in the anterior perspective of the body appearing normal, with no evident cuts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frontal 
B)  Midsaggital 
C)  Parasagittal 
D)  Transverse 
A)  Frontal 
B)  Midsaggital 
C)  Parasagittal 
D)  Transverse

Question 9

The kidneys are contained within the pelvic cavity subdivision of the abdominopelvic cavity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

-Here is a figure showing major body cavities and other structures. What does "E" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diaphragm 
B)  Mediastinum 
C)  Pelvic cavity 
D)  Thoracic cavity 
E)  Abdominal cavity 
A)  Diaphragm 
B)  Mediastinum 
C)  Pelvic cavity 
D)  Thoracic cavity 
E)  Abdominal cavity

Question 11

The control center compares input from a receptor with the ideal normal value for a condition called a set point.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The popliteal region is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calf 
B)  armpit 
C)  hollow behind the knee 
D)  neck 
E)  thigh 
A)  calf 
B)  armpit 
C)  hollow behind the knee 
D)  neck 
E)  thigh

Question 13

A researcher discovered a sensory receptor that detects decreasing oxygen concentrations in the blood. According to the principles of negative feedback, it is likely that stimulation of this sensory receptor will produce which of the following types of responses?

Accepted Answer

A)  A decrease in heart rate 
B)  An increase in the respiratory rate 
C)  An increase in physical activity 
D)  Unconsciousness 
E)  Both a decrease in heart rate and an increase in the respiratory rate will occur. 
A)  A decrease in heart rate 
B)  An increase in the respiratory rate 
C)  An increase in physical activity 
D)  Unconsciousness 
E)  Both a decrease in heart rate and an increase in the respiratory rate will occur.

Question 14

Which of the following structures is most like the receptor of a homeostatic control mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mechanism that detects a decrease in tire pressure on an automobile 
B)  The mechanism that opens the automatic door at the local grocery store 
C)  The heating element of a hot water heater 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  The mechanism that detects a decrease in tire pressure on an automobile 
B)  The mechanism that opens the automatic door at the local grocery store 
C)  The heating element of a hot water heater 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

Whereas a 'plane' describes an imaginary flat surface, a 'section' describes a way to cut an organ.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

-Here is a figure showing major body cavities and other structures. What does "B" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diaphragm 
B)  Mediastinum 
C)  Pelvic cavity 
D)  Thoracic cavity 
E)  Abdominal cavity 
A)  Diaphragm 
B)  Mediastinum 
C)  Pelvic cavity 
D)  Thoracic cavity 
E)  Abdominal cavity

Question 17

The axillary region is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calf 
B)  armpit 
C)  hollow behind the knee 
D)  neck 
E)  thigh 
A)  calf 
B)  armpit 
C)  hollow behind the knee 
D)  neck 
E)  thigh

Question 18

A term that means "toward the attached end of a limb" is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  medial 
B)  lateral 
C)  superficial 
D)  distal 
E)  proximal 
A)  medial 
B)  lateral 
C)  superficial 
D)  distal 
E)  proximal

Question 19

The femoral region is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calf 
B)  armpit 
C)  hollow behind the knee 
D)  neck 
E)  thigh 
A)  calf 
B)  armpit 
C)  hollow behind the knee 
D)  neck 
E)  thigh

Question 20

Which body system would be affected by degeneration of cartilage in joints?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscular 
B)  Nervous 
C)  Cardiovascular 
D)  Skeletal 
E)  Lymphatic 
A)  Muscular 
B)  Nervous 
C)  Cardiovascular 
D)  Skeletal 
E)  Lymphatic

Exam 1: The Human Organism

-This is a sagittal section through the abdominopelvic cavity. What structures does "E" represent?

Parathyroid hormone functions to increase calcium ion levels in blood. If its secretion is regulated through negative feedback, under which conditions would this hormone normally be released?

The study of tissues is ________.

A molecular biologist discovers that if a specific drug effectively treats obesity in mice, what can researchers conclude?

It has been suggested by some scientists that early exposure to antibiotics that significantly change the makeup of the microbes in the human intestines may increase a person's susceptibility to autoimmune diseases like Crohn's disease and asthma.

There are more microbial cells than human cells in your body, and the health of this microbiota clearly influences human well-being. How many microbes are there?

A vertical plane that separates the body into right and left portions is called a ________ plane.

A cut along which plane would result in the anterior perspective of the body appearing normal, with no evident cuts?

The kidneys are contained within the pelvic cavity subdivision of the abdominopelvic cavity.

-Here is a figure showing major body cavities and other structures. What does "E" represent?

The control center compares input from a receptor with the ideal normal value for a condition called a set point.

The popliteal region is the ________.

A researcher discovered a sensory receptor that detects decreasing oxygen concentrations in the blood. According to the principles of negative feedback, it is likely that stimulation of this sensory receptor will produce which of the following types of responses?

Which of the following structures is most like the receptor of a homeostatic control mechanism?

Whereas a 'plane' describes an imaginary flat surface, a 'section' describes a way to cut an organ.

-Here is a figure showing major body cavities and other structures. What does "B" represent?

The axillary region is the ________.

A term that means "toward the attached end of a limb" is ________.

The femoral region is the ________.

Which body system would be affected by degeneration of cartilage in joints?

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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