Question 1

The long-distance transport of sap in the phloem is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) simple diffusion. 
B) facilitated diffusion. 
C) pressure-driven bulk flow. 
D) active transport. 
E) exocytosis. 
A) simple diffusion. 
B) facilitated diffusion. 
C) pressure-driven bulk flow. 
D) active transport. 
E) exocytosis.

Question 2

Suppose a drop of dye is placed in one end of a tank of water.What happens next?

Accepted Answer

A) Nothing happens because the molecules are at equilibrium. 
B) The dye molecules and the water molecules move down their respective concentration gradients. 
C) The dye molecules move from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential. 
D) The dye molecules move against a concentration gradient. 
E) The water molecules move by osmosis. 
A) Nothing happens because the molecules are at equilibrium. 
B) The dye molecules and the water molecules move down their respective concentration gradients. 
C) The dye molecules move from a region of high water potential to a region of low water potential. 
D) The dye molecules move against a concentration gradient. 
E) The water molecules move by osmosis.

Question 3

Aquaporins are found in the plasma membrane and the:

Accepted Answer

A) inner mitochondrial membrane only. 
B) inner chloroplast membrane only 
C) tonoplast only. 
D) endoplasmic reticulum only. 
E) the mitochondrial membrane, the chloroplast membrane, the tonoplast, and the ER. 
A) inner mitochondrial membrane only. 
B) inner chloroplast membrane only 
C) tonoplast only. 
D) endoplasmic reticulum only. 
E) the mitochondrial membrane, the chloroplast membrane, the tonoplast, and the ER.

Question 4

Most membrane carbohydrates are present in the form of:

Accepted Answer

A) glycoproteins. 
B) lectins. 
C) individual glucose molecules. 
D) starch. 
E) disaccharides. 
A) glycoproteins. 
B) lectins. 
C) individual glucose molecules. 
D) starch. 
E) disaccharides.

Question 5

Symport is a transport system in which the transport of one solute:

Accepted Answer

A) occurs via a vesicle. 
B) occurs without the simultaneous transport of another solute. 
C) depends on the transport of another solute in the opposite direction. 
D) depends on the transport of another solute in the same direction. 
E) depends on the opening of a "gate" in the carrier protein. 
A) occurs via a vesicle. 
B) occurs without the simultaneous transport of another solute. 
C) depends on the transport of another solute in the opposite direction. 
D) depends on the transport of another solute in the same direction. 
E) depends on the opening of a "gate" in the carrier protein.

Question 6

Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In receptor-mediated endocytosis, what happens immediately after the substance to be transported binds to a receptor?

Accepted Answer

A) The substance is broken down enzymatically. 
B) The coated pit invaginates to form a coated vesicle. 
C) The receptor releases the substance inside the cell. 
D) The coated vesicle sheds its coat. 
E) The receptor is broken down enzymatically. 
A) The substance is broken down enzymatically. 
B) The coated pit invaginates to form a coated vesicle. 
C) The receptor releases the substance inside the cell. 
D) The coated vesicle sheds its coat. 
E) The receptor is broken down enzymatically.

Question 8

What is the hypothesized role of carbohydrates in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) catalyzing chemical reactions 
B) keeping the phospholipid tails aligned 
C) recognizing molecules that interact with the cell 
D) acting as a barrier to the passage of molecules 
E) transporting molecules into the cell 
A) catalyzing chemical reactions 
B) keeping the phospholipid tails aligned 
C) recognizing molecules that interact with the cell 
D) acting as a barrier to the passage of molecules 
E) transporting molecules into the cell

Question 9

A protein would most likely enter a cell by simple diffusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Passive diffusion can occur down a concentration gradient but not down an electrochemical gradient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following statements concerning plasmodesmata is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) They can mediate the transport of proteins and RNA. 
B) Their openings can be regulated by actin and myosin.. 
C) They serve as paths for electrical signaling. 
D) Their permeability can be controlled by callose. 
E) Their similar symplastic domains cause them to be passive structures. 
A) They can mediate the transport of proteins and RNA. 
B) Their openings can be regulated by actin and myosin.. 
C) They serve as paths for electrical signaling. 
D) Their permeability can be controlled by callose. 
E) Their similar symplastic domains cause them to be passive structures.

Question 12

In the absence of other factors affecting water potential, water will move FROM a region of ______ TO a region of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) low water concentration; high water concentration 
B) low solute concentration; high solute concentration 
C) low water potential; high water potential 
D) low potential energy; high potential energy 
E) low pressure; high pressure 
A) low water concentration; high water concentration 
B) low solute concentration; high solute concentration 
C) low water potential; high water potential 
D) low potential energy; high potential energy 
E) low pressure; high pressure

Question 13

Once inside a cell, an ion will move from one part of the cytoplasm to another by diffusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Water potential is defined as the:

Accepted Answer

A) tendency of water to enter a cell. 
B) tendency of water to leave a cell. 
C) mechanical energy of water. 
D) kinetic energy of water. 
E) potential energy of water. 
A) tendency of water to enter a cell. 
B) tendency of water to leave a cell. 
C) mechanical energy of water. 
D) kinetic energy of water. 
E) potential energy of water.

Question 15

Small nonpolar molecules, such as O2 and CO2, enter a cell by:

Accepted Answer

A) active transport. 
B) osmosis. 
C) facilitated diffusion. 
D) vesicle-mediated transport. 
E) simple diffusion. 
A) active transport. 
B) osmosis. 
C) facilitated diffusion. 
D) vesicle-mediated transport. 
E) simple diffusion.

Question 16

When a leaf wilts, the leaf cells most likely have already plasmolyzed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A "gate" is most directly associated with a:

Accepted Answer

A) pinocytosis. 
B) pump. 
C) vesicle 
D) carrier. 
E) channel. 
A) pinocytosis. 
B) pump. 
C) vesicle 
D) carrier. 
E) channel.

Question 18

Proteins and polysaccharides will most likely enter a cell by:

Accepted Answer

A) active transport. 
B) osmosis. 
C) facilitated diffusion. 
D) vesicle-mediated transport. 
E) simple diffusion. 
A) active transport. 
B) osmosis. 
C) facilitated diffusion. 
D) vesicle-mediated transport. 
E) simple diffusion.

Question 19

Wilting results most directly from _______ in plant cells.

Accepted Answer

A) increased metabolism 
B) malfunctioning contractile vacuoles 
C) the loss of turgor 
D) defective osmotic pressure 
E) defective membranes 
A) increased metabolism 
B) malfunctioning contractile vacuoles 
C) the loss of turgor 
D) defective osmotic pressure 
E) defective membranes

Question 20

Two of the most common second messengers are:

Accepted Answer

A) hormones and ATP. 
B) ATP and cyclic AMP. 
C) calcium ions and cyclic AMP. 
D) lectins and calcium ions. 
E) lectins and clathrin. 
A) hormones and ATP. 
B) ATP and cyclic AMP. 
C) calcium ions and cyclic AMP. 
D) lectins and calcium ions. 
E) lectins and clathrin.

Exam 4: The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The long-distance transport of sap in the phloem is an example of:

Suppose a drop of dye is placed in one end of a tank of water.What happens next?

Aquaporins are found in the plasma membrane and the:

Most membrane carbohydrates are present in the form of:

Symport is a transport system in which the transport of one solute:

Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis.

In receptor-mediated endocytosis, what happens immediately after the substance to be transported binds to a receptor?

What is the hypothesized role of carbohydrates in the plasma membrane?

A protein would most likely enter a cell by simple diffusion.

Passive diffusion can occur down a concentration gradient but not down an electrochemical gradient.

Which of the following statements concerning plasmodesmata is FALSE?

In the absence of other factors affecting water potential, water will move FROM a region of ______ TO a region of ______.

Once inside a cell, an ion will move from one part of the cytoplasm to another by diffusion.

Water potential is defined as the:

Small nonpolar molecules, such as O2 and CO2, enter a cell by:

When a leaf wilts, the leaf cells most likely have already plasmolyzed.

A "gate" is most directly associated with a:

Proteins and polysaccharides will most likely enter a cell by:

Wilting results most directly from _______ in plant cells.

Two of the most common second messengers are:

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

In the absence of other factors affecting water potential, water will move FROM a region of TO a region of .

Small nonpolar molecules, such as O₂ and CO₂, enter a cell by: