Question 1

After acetyl CoA enters the citric acid cycle, the coenzyme A portion of the molecule:

Accepted Answer

A) combines with oxaloacetate. 
B) combines with citrate. 
C) is oxidized. 
D) is reduced. 
E) is released. 
A) combines with oxaloacetate. 
B) combines with citrate. 
C) is oxidized. 
D) is reduced. 
E) is released.

Question 2

The most abundant component(s) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain is/are:

Accepted Answer

A) cytochromes. 
B) iron-sulfur proteins. 
C) coenzyme Q. 
D) NAD+. 
E) FAD. 
A) cytochromes. 
B) iron-sulfur proteins. 
C) coenzyme Q. 
D) NAD+. 
E) FAD.

Question 3

In glycolysis, NADH is consumed in some reactions and produced in others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Upon entering the citric acid cycle, the acetyl group combines with ______ to produce ______.

Accepted Answer

A) coenzyme A; pyruvate 
B) glucose; glucose 6-phosphate 
C) oxaloacetate; citrate 
D) oxaloacetate; carbon dioxide 
E) NADH; citrate 
A) coenzyme A; pyruvate 
B) glucose; glucose 6-phosphate 
C) oxaloacetate; citrate 
D) oxaloacetate; carbon dioxide 
E) NADH; citrate

Question 5

"Catabolism" specifically refers to the various pathways in which organisms ______ organic molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) synthesize 
B) break down 
C) phosphorylate 
D) oxidize 
E) reduce 
A) synthesize 
B) break down 
C) phosphorylate 
D) oxidize 
E) reduce

Question 6

In lactate fermentation and alcohol fermentation, the net ATP production is ______ molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4

Question 7

In glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is converted to ______ molecules of ______.

Accepted Answer

A) two; fructose 
B) three; fructose. 
C) two; pyruvate 
D) three; pyruvate 
E) two; sucrose 
A) two; fructose 
B) three; fructose. 
C) two; pyruvate 
D) three; pyruvate 
E) two; sucrose

Question 8

The NADH generated during fermentation donates its electrons to the mitochondrial electron transport chain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

During the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, _____ is produced.

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 
B) ATP 
C) NAD+ 
D) ADP 
E) 3-phosphoglycerate 
A) CO2 
B) ATP 
C) NAD+ 
D) ADP 
E) 3-phosphoglycerate

Question 10

Which of the following processes occurs in both lactate fermentation and alcohol fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A) formation of acetyl CoA 
B) release of carbon dioxide 
C) pumping of protons 
D) oxidation of NADH 
E) activation of ATP synthase 
A) formation of acetyl CoA 
B) release of carbon dioxide 
C) pumping of protons 
D) oxidation of NADH 
E) activation of ATP synthase

Question 11

In glycolysis, what is the net energy harvest of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 2 
D) 3 
E) 4

Question 12

The process of beta oxidation is involved in the breakdown of:

Accepted Answer

A) starch. 
B) sucrose. 
C) proteins. 
D) nucleic acids. 
E) triglycerides. 
A) starch. 
B) sucrose. 
C) proteins. 
D) nucleic acids. 
E) triglycerides.

Question 13

The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is:

Accepted Answer

A) CoQ. 
B) a cytochrome. 
C) FMN. 
D) oxygen. 
E) carbon dioxide. 
A) CoQ. 
B) a cytochrome. 
C) FMN. 
D) oxygen. 
E) carbon dioxide.

Question 14

The hydrolysis of starch to sugars is an example of an anabolic reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Oxidative phosphorylation depends on a gradient of ______ across the mitochondrial membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) ADP 
B) phosphate 
C) glucose 
D) protons 
E) electrons 
A) ADP 
B) phosphate 
C) glucose 
D) protons 
E) electrons

Question 16

When one speaks of the cell's "net energy harvest" from glycolysis one is referring to the amount of:

Accepted Answer

A) ATP only. 
B) ADP only. 
C) NAD+ only. 
D) NADH only 
E) ATP and NADH. 
A) ATP only. 
B) ADP only. 
C) NAD+ only. 
D) NADH only 
E) ATP and NADH.

Question 17

The metabolic "hub" of the cell is:

Accepted Answer

A) fermentation. 
B) glycolysis. 
C) oxidative phosphorylation. 
D) the electron transport chain. 
E) the citric acid cycle. 
A) fermentation. 
B) glycolysis. 
C) oxidative phosphorylation. 
D) the electron transport chain. 
E) the citric acid cycle.

Question 18

At the end of glycolysis, most of the energy in the original glucose molecule is still present in pyruvate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following does NOT occur during the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) decarboxylation 
B) substrate-level phosphorylation 
C) oxidation 
D) oxidative phosphorylation 
E) regeneration of oxaloacetate 
A) decarboxylation 
B) substrate-level phosphorylation 
C) oxidation 
D) oxidative phosphorylation 
E) regeneration of oxaloacetate

Question 20

Pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA in the ____ of the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) cytosol; cell 
B) matrix; mitochondria 
C) lumen; smooth ER 
D) cristae; mitochondria 
E) ribosomes; rough ER 
A) cytosol; cell 
B) matrix; mitochondria 
C) lumen; smooth ER 
D) cristae; mitochondria 
E) ribosomes; rough ER

Exam 6: Respiration

After acetyl CoA enters the citric acid cycle, the coenzyme A portion of the molecule:

The most abundant component(s) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain is/are:

In glycolysis, NADH is consumed in some reactions and produced in others.

Upon entering the citric acid cycle, the acetyl group combines with ______ to produce ______.

"Catabolism" specifically refers to the various pathways in which organisms ______ organic molecules.

In lactate fermentation and alcohol fermentation, the net ATP production is ______ molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose.

In glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is converted to ______ molecules of ______.

The NADH generated during fermentation donates its electrons to the mitochondrial electron transport chain.

During the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA, _____ is produced.

Which of the following processes occurs in both lactate fermentation and alcohol fermentation?

In glycolysis, what is the net energy harvest of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose?

The process of beta oxidation is involved in the breakdown of:

The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is:

The hydrolysis of starch to sugars is an example of an anabolic reaction.

Oxidative phosphorylation depends on a gradient of ______ across the mitochondrial membrane.

When one speaks of the cell's "net energy harvest" from glycolysis one is referring to the amount of:

The metabolic "hub" of the cell is:

At the end of glycolysis, most of the energy in the original glucose molecule is still present in pyruvate.

Which of the following does NOT occur during the citric acid cycle?

Pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA in the ____ of the _____.

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

Upon entering the citric acid cycle, the acetyl group combines with to produce .

In glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is converted to molecules of .

Pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA in the of the _.