Question 1

In nature, the penicillin produced by Penicillium chrysogenum growing on seeds:

Accepted Answer

A) inhibits seed germination. 
B) inhibits the growth of the fungus. 
C) inhibits the growth of bacteria. 
D) stimulates seed germination. 
E) stimulates the growth of bacteria. 
A) inhibits seed germination. 
B) inhibits the growth of the fungus. 
C) inhibits the growth of bacteria. 
D) stimulates seed germination. 
E) stimulates the growth of bacteria.

Question 2

Which of the following is not an autotroph?

Accepted Answer

A) a chemosynthesizer 
B) a mushroom 
C) an oak tree 
D) a green alga 
E) a moss 
A) a chemosynthesizer 
B) a mushroom 
C) an oak tree 
D) a green alga 
E) a moss

Question 3

Competition results when individuals living in the same area require the same limiting resource.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Ecosystems usually have eight or nine trophic levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

All plants are autotrophs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A secondary consumer occupies the _______ trophic level.

Accepted Answer

A) first 
B) second 
C) third 
D) fourth 
E) fifth 
A) first 
B) second 
C) third 
D) fourth 
E) fifth

Question 7

In the bull's-horn acacia, Beltian bodies provide food for ants of the genus Pseudomyrmex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A fungus is both a(n) ______ and a ______.

Accepted Answer

A) heterotroph; primary producer 
B) autotroph; primary consumer 
C) heterotroph; secondary consumer 
D) heterotroph; decomposer 
E) autotroph; decomposer 
A) heterotroph; primary producer 
B) autotroph; primary consumer 
C) heterotroph; secondary consumer 
D) heterotroph; decomposer 
E) autotroph; decomposer

Question 9

In general, approximately _____ percent of the energy in one trophic level can be assimilated into the next.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 50 
E) 80 
A) 1 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 50 
E) 80

Question 10

Efforts to prevent forest fires in California resulted in enhanced growth of sugar pines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

An example of biological energy conversion is burning coal for fuel.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

After all plants in a selected portion of the Hubbard Brook forest were killed, scientists detected a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) decrease in net calcium loss. 
B) decrease in net potassium loss. 
C) increase in net nitrogen loss. 
D) increase in the amount of nitrate in the soil. 
E) increase in the amount of potassium in the soil. 
A) decrease in net calcium loss. 
B) decrease in net potassium loss. 
C) increase in net nitrogen loss. 
D) increase in the amount of nitrate in the soil. 
E) increase in the amount of potassium in the soil.

Question 13

What are tannins?

Accepted Answer

A) Sex attractants in insects 
B) Compounds that make plant proteins indigestible to insects 
C) Compounds produced by a plant when it is attacked 
D) Fungal substances that detoxify pisatin 
E) Elicitors produced by bacteria and fungi 
A) Sex attractants in insects 
B) Compounds that make plant proteins indigestible to insects 
C) Compounds produced by a plant when it is attacked 
D) Fungal substances that detoxify pisatin 
E) Elicitors produced by bacteria and fungi

Question 14

In allelopathy:

Accepted Answer

A) the alleles of a bacterium or fungus produce pathogenic effects in a plant. 
B) some alleles of a plant are pathogenic to that same plant. 
C) chemicals produced by a bacterium inhibit growth of a plant. 
D) chemicals produced by a fungus inhibit growth of a plant. 
E) chemicals produced by one plant inhibit growth of another plant. 
A) the alleles of a bacterium or fungus produce pathogenic effects in a plant. 
B) some alleles of a plant are pathogenic to that same plant. 
C) chemicals produced by a bacterium inhibit growth of a plant. 
D) chemicals produced by a fungus inhibit growth of a plant. 
E) chemicals produced by one plant inhibit growth of another plant.

Question 15

All autotrophs obtain their energy from the sun.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The seeds of a serotinous cone are released by:

Accepted Answer

A) wind. 
B) birds. 
C) insects. 
D) water. 
E) fire. 
A) wind. 
B) birds. 
C) insects. 
D) water. 
E) fire.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about parasites is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) They live on or in another organism. 
B) They are always one trophic level above their hosts. 
C) An example is a virus. 
D) An example is a pathogenic bacterium. 
E) They can be autotrophs or heterotrophs. 
A) They live on or in another organism. 
B) They are always one trophic level above their hosts. 
C) An example is a virus. 
D) An example is a pathogenic bacterium. 
E) They can be autotrophs or heterotrophs.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the role of growth rate in competition is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Plants with a high growth rate often have an advantage over plants with a low growth rate. 
B) Plants with a low growth rate may survive if they are able to photosynthesize at low light intensities. 
C) Leaf arrangement, crown shape, and patterns of allocation of energy all affect growth rate. 
D) A single combination of traits usually produces a competitor that is best in all environments. 
E) Within a single community, different species may coexist because of adaptations to different microenvironments. 
A) Plants with a high growth rate often have an advantage over plants with a low growth rate. 
B) Plants with a low growth rate may survive if they are able to photosynthesize at low light intensities. 
C) Leaf arrangement, crown shape, and patterns of allocation of energy all affect growth rate. 
D) A single combination of traits usually produces a competitor that is best in all environments. 
E) Within a single community, different species may coexist because of adaptations to different microenvironments.

Question 19

Strains of the Fusarium fungus produce _______ that counter the production of ______ by pea plants.

Accepted Answer

A) chromenes; helenanin 
B) pisatin; chromenes 
C) tannins; thorns 
D) pyrethrum; waxy leaves 
E) monooxygenases; pisatin 
A) chromenes; helenanin 
B) pisatin; chromenes 
C) tannins; thorns 
D) pyrethrum; waxy leaves 
E) monooxygenases; pisatin

Question 20

Competition occurs, by definition, when two individuals living in the same area:

Accepted Answer

A) belong to the same species. 
B) belong to the same population. 
C) require the same limiting resource. 
D) photosynthesize at the same rates. 
E) allocate energy in the same way. 
A) belong to the same species. 
B) belong to the same population. 
C) require the same limiting resource. 
D) photosynthesize at the same rates. 
E) allocate energy in the same way.

Exam 31: The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

In nature, the penicillin produced by Penicillium chrysogenum growing on seeds:

Which of the following is not an autotroph?

Competition results when individuals living in the same area require the same limiting resource.

Ecosystems usually have eight or nine trophic levels.

All plants are autotrophs.

A secondary consumer occupies the _______ trophic level.

In the bull's-horn acacia, Beltian bodies provide food for ants of the genus Pseudomyrmex.

A fungus is both a(n) ______ and a ______.

In general, approximately _____ percent of the energy in one trophic level can be assimilated into the next.

Efforts to prevent forest fires in California resulted in enhanced growth of sugar pines.

An example of biological energy conversion is burning coal for fuel.

After all plants in a selected portion of the Hubbard Brook forest were killed, scientists detected a(n):

What are tannins?

In allelopathy:

All autotrophs obtain their energy from the sun.

The seeds of a serotinous cone are released by:

Which of the following statements about parasites is FALSE?

Which of the following statements about the role of growth rate in competition is FALSE?

Strains of the Fusarium fungus produce _______ that counter the production of ______ by pea plants.

Competition occurs, by definition, when two individuals living in the same area:

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

Global Ecology

Filters

A fungus is both a(n) and a .

Strains of the Fusarium fungus produce _ that counter the production of by pea plants.