Question 1

Which of the following is a water-soluble amine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Growth hormone (GH) 
B)  Luteinizing hormone (LH) 
C)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
D)  Epinephrine 
A)  Growth hormone (GH) 
B)  Luteinizing hormone (LH) 
C)  Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 
D)  Epinephrine D

Question 2

If a patient has a problem with the adrenal medulla, which of the following hormones should the nurse monitor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortisol 
B)  Epinephrine 
C)  Androgens 
D)  Estrogens 
A)  Cortisol 
B)  Epinephrine 
C)  Androgens 
D)  Estrogens B

Question 3

What type of effect occurs when insulin binds to its receptors on muscle cells, resulting in an increase in glucose uptake by those muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pharmacological effect 
B)  Permissive effect 
C)  Biphasic effect 
D)  Direct effect 
A)  Pharmacological effect 
B)  Permissive effect 
C)  Biphasic effect 
D)  Direct effect D

Question 4

A nurse recalls that insulin has an effect on which of the following groups of electrolytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium, chloride, phosphate 
B)  Calcium, magnesium, potassium 
C)  Hydrogen, bicarbonate, chloride 
D)  Potassium, magnesium, phosphate 
A)  Sodium, chloride, phosphate 
B)  Calcium, magnesium, potassium 
C)  Hydrogen, bicarbonate, chloride 
D)  Potassium, magnesium, phosphate

Question 5

A 39-year-old female is recovering from the birth of her third child. Which hormone would help prevent uterine bleeding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aldosterone 
B)  Cortisol 
C)  Prolactin 
D)  Oxytocin 
A)  Aldosterone 
B)  Cortisol 
C)  Prolactin 
D)  Oxytocin

Question 6

What regulates aldosterone secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sympathetic nervous system 
B)  ACTH feedback 
C)  The renin-angiotensin system 
D)  Positive feedback 
A)  The sympathetic nervous system 
B)  ACTH feedback 
C)  The renin-angiotensin system 
D)  Positive feedback

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of a peptide hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thyroxine (T4) 
B)  Aldosterone 
C)  Testosterone 
D)  Insulin 
A)  Thyroxine (T4) 
B)  Aldosterone 
C)  Testosterone 
D)  Insulin

Question 8

A patient with one kidney underwent surgery for an adrenal tumour that removed a large portion of the zona glomerulosa. The nurse would expect a postsurgical decrease in the patient's:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  potassium. 
D)  acid. 
A)  sodium. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  potassium. 
D)  acid.

Question 9

Which of the following laboratory results would indicate a slowdown in the rate of parathyroid hormone secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased serum calcium levels 
B)  Decreased serum calcium levels 
C)  Decreased levels of TSH 
D)  Increased levels of TSH 
A)  Increased serum calcium levels 
B)  Decreased serum calcium levels 
C)  Decreased levels of TSH 
D)  Increased levels of TSH

Question 10

When catecholamines are released in a patient, what should the nurse assess for?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nutrient absorption 
B)  Fluid retention 
C)  Hypotension 
D)  Hyperglycemia 
A)  Nutrient absorption 
B)  Fluid retention 
C)  Hypotension 
D)  Hyperglycemia

Question 11

Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to be increased in a patient with deficient ADH production?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood volume 
B)  Urine osmolality 
C)  Urine volume 
D)  Arterial vasoconstriction 
A)  Blood volume 
B)  Urine osmolality 
C)  Urine volume 
D)  Arterial vasoconstriction

Question 12

What is the target organ for prolactin-inhibiting factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypothalamus 
B)  Anterior pituitary 
C)  Mammary glands 
D)  Posterior pituitary 
A)  Hypothalamus 
B)  Anterior pituitary 
C)  Mammary glands 
D)  Posterior pituitary

Question 13

ADH release from the posterior pituitary is stimulated by which process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low blood pressure sensed by baroreceptors in the kidneys 
B)  High plasma osmolality sensed by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus 
C)  Low osmolality sensed by osmoreceptors in the kidneys 
D)  High concentration of potassium sensed by chemoreceptors in the carotid body 
A)  Low blood pressure sensed by baroreceptors in the kidneys 
B)  High plasma osmolality sensed by osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus 
C)  Low osmolality sensed by osmoreceptors in the kidneys 
D)  High concentration of potassium sensed by chemoreceptors in the carotid body

Question 14

How do lipid-soluble hormone receptors cross the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diffusion 
B)  Osmosis 
C)  Active transport 
D)  Endocytosis 
A)  Diffusion 
B)  Osmosis 
C)  Active transport 
D)  Endocytosis

Question 15

What is insulin is primarily regulated by?

Accepted Answer

A)  The metabolic rate 
B)  Serum glucose levels 
C)  Prostaglandins 
D)  Enzyme activation 
A)  The metabolic rate 
B)  Serum glucose levels 
C)  Prostaglandins 
D)  Enzyme activation

Question 16

A nurse recalls that direct stimulation of the insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas by the autonomic nervous system is an example of which type of control?

Accepted Answer

A)  Negative feedback 
B)  Positive feedback 
C)  Neural 
D)  Substrate-level dependent 
A)  Negative feedback 
B)  Positive feedback 
C)  Neural 
D)  Substrate-level dependent

Question 17

A patient is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumour of the pancreas alpha cells. Which of the following would the nurse expect to be most likely increased in this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Amylin 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Somatostatin 
A)  Amylin 
B)  Glucagon 
C)  Insulin 
D)  Somatostatin

Question 18

Where are the target cells for oxytocin located?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal tubules 
B)  Thymus 
C)  Liver 
D)  Uterus 
A)  Renal tubules 
B)  Thymus 
C)  Liver 
D)  Uterus

Question 19

A 40-year-old patient undergoes surgery for a PTH-secreting tumour in which the parathyroid is removed. Which physiological alteration would the nurse expect following surgery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased serum calcium 
B)  Decreased bone formation 
C)  Decreased calcium reabsorption in the kidney 
D)  Increased calcitonin 
A)  Increased serum calcium 
B)  Decreased bone formation 
C)  Decreased calcium reabsorption in the kidney 
D)  Increased calcitonin

Question 20

How do the releasing hormones that are made in the hypothalamus travel to the anterior pituitary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vessels of the zona fasciculata 
B)  Chromophils 
C)  Median eminence 
D)  Hypophyseal portal system 
A)  Vessels of the zona fasciculata 
B)  Chromophils 
C)  Median eminence 
D)  Hypophyseal portal system

Exam 18: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Which of the following is a water-soluble amine?

If a patient has a problem with the adrenal medulla, which of the following hormones should the nurse monitor?

What type of effect occurs when insulin binds to its receptors on muscle cells, resulting in an increase in glucose uptake by those muscle cells?

A nurse recalls that insulin has an effect on which of the following groups of electrolytes?

A 39-year-old female is recovering from the birth of her third child. Which hormone would help prevent uterine bleeding?

What regulates aldosterone secretion?

Which of the following is an example of a peptide hormone?

A patient with one kidney underwent surgery for an adrenal tumour that removed a large portion of the zona glomerulosa. The nurse would expect a postsurgical decrease in the patient's:

Which of the following laboratory results would indicate a slowdown in the rate of parathyroid hormone secretion?

When catecholamines are released in a patient, what should the nurse assess for?

Which assessment finding would the nurse expect to be increased in a patient with deficient ADH production?

What is the target organ for prolactin-inhibiting factor?

ADH release from the posterior pituitary is stimulated by which process?

How do lipid-soluble hormone receptors cross the plasma membrane?

What is insulin is primarily regulated by?

A nurse recalls that direct stimulation of the insulin-secreting cells of the pancreas by the autonomic nervous system is an example of which type of control?

A patient is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumour of the pancreas alpha cells. Which of the following would the nurse expect to be most likely increased in this patient?

Where are the target cells for oxytocin located?

A 40-year-old patient undergoes surgery for a PTH-secreting tumour in which the parathyroid is removed. Which physiological alteration would the nurse expect following surgery?

How do the releasing hormones that are made in the hypothalamus travel to the anterior pituitary?

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defence

Stress and Disease

Biology of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children and Adolescents

Structure and Function of the Neurological System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations of Neurological Function in Children

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematological System

Alterations of Hematological Function

Alterations of Hematological Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urological Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculo-Skeletal System

Alterations of Musculo-Skeletal Function

Alterations of Musculo-Skeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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