Exam 27: Alterations of Pulmonary Function

A 50-year-old presents with hypotension, hypoxemia, and tracheal deviation to the left. Tests reveal that the air pressure in the pleural cavity exceeds barometric pressure in the atmosphere. Based upon these assessment findings, what does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

Aspiration of oral secretions increases a patient's risk for which complication?

A 60-year-old with a 25-year history of smoking is diagnosed with emphysema. Assessment shows an increased anterior-posterior chest diameter. What does the nurse attribute this finding to?

An 80-year-old develops pneumonia in the hospital. An assessment identifies that the patient is cyanotic and tachycardic and has developed a fever and a cough. Chest x-ray reveals pus in the pleural space. This symptomology supports which medical diagnosis?

A 20-year-old presents reporting difficulty breathing when lying down. What term should the nurse use to document this condition?

What is airway hyper-responsiveness in asthma related to?

What type of pneumonia is HCAP?

A 26-year-old recently underwent surgery and is now experiencing dyspnea, cough, fever, and leukocytosis. Tests reveal a collapsed lung caused by the removal of air from obstructed alveoli. Which term is used to document this condition?

A 50-year-old male is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism (PE). Which of the following symptoms most likely occurred before treatment is initiated?

A 70-year-old is hospitalized and develops a pulmonary embolism. What would this embolus likely be composed of?

A 42-year-old presents with dyspnea; rapid, shallow breathing; inspiratory crackles; decreased lung compliance; and hypoxemia. Tests reveal a fulminant form of respiratory failure characterized by acute lung inflammation and diffuse alveolocapillary injury. What is the most likely diagnosis supported by the patient's condition?

What is the major mechanism of airflow limitation in a patient diagnosed with emphysema?

A 65-year-old diagnosed with emphysema presents to the ER for difficulty breathing. Physical examination reveals both bluish skin and mucous membranes. What term will the nurse use to document these observations?

A 10-year-old is brought to the ER with prolonged bronchospasm and severe hypoxemia. The symptomology supports which diagnosis?

A nurse is reviewing the results of an arterial blood gas (ABG) and finds reduced oxygenation of arterial blood. What term should the nurse use to describe this condition?

A patient's arterial blood gas reveals decreased carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels. What is the most likely cause of this situation?

When giving report, what term should the nurse use to describe the coughing up of bloody secretions?

What is pneumonia caused by?

A 68-year-old is diagnosed with restrictive lung disease caused by fibrosis. Which pulmonary function test finding is expected?

Which assessment finding would be expected in pulmonary embolism (PE)? (Select all that apply.)