Question 1

Why are Arg, Lys, Gln, and Asn commonly found to make specific contact with nucleotide bases?

Accepted Answer

These amino acids are able to

Question 2

A protein that has a weak affinity for a DNA site and is at concentrations of protein will bind to DNA _.

Accepted Answer

A)  low; strongly 
B)  high; strongly 
C)  low; indiscriminately 
D)  high; indiscriminately 
A)  low; strongly 
B)  high; strongly 
C)  low; indiscriminately 
D)  high; indiscriminately

Question 3

Introducing Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, or Klf4 into a differentiated cell causes

Accepted Answer

A)  cell death. 
B)  a pluripotent state. 
C)  no change. 
D)  cell meiosis. 
A)  cell death. 
B)  a pluripotent state. 
C)  no change. 
D)  cell meiosis.

Question 4

The figure below shows autoregulation and will .

Accepted Answer

A)  positive; reach a steady state 
B)  positive; be zero in the absence of an activator 
C)  negative; reach a steady state 
D)  negative; be zero in the absence of an activator 
A)  positive; reach a steady state 
B)  positive; be zero in the absence of an activator 
C)  negative; reach a steady state 
D)  negative; be zero in the absence of an activator

Question 5

When running an assay for luciferase, what reporter gene has been inserted into the plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A)  lacZ 
B)  luc 
C)  cat 
D)  gfp 
A)  lacZ 
B)  luc 
C)  cat 
D)  gfp

Question 6

Draw the four combinations of nucleotides and label the major groove in each as either an H-bond donor, an H-bond acceptor, or hydrophobic.

Accepted Answer

As shown in Figure 23.4, the A-T base pa

Question 7

Transcriptional elongation is favored by the trp operon when tryptophan levels are

Accepted Answer

A)  high. 
B)  low. 
C)  constant. 
D)  The trp operon is not affected by tryptophan levels. 
A)  high. 
B)  low. 
C)  constant. 
D)  The trp operon is not affected by tryptophan levels.

Question 8

By wrapping DNA around the histone octamer, how much smaller can DNA be?

Accepted Answer

A)  tenfold 
B)  eightfold 
C)  sevenfold 
D)  twofold 
A)  tenfold 
B)  eightfold 
C)  sevenfold 
D)  twofold

Question 9

What function do HAT and HDAC perform in the chromatin-modifying process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both HAT and HDAC activate the gene. 
B)  Both HAT and HDAC repress the gene. 
C)  HAT represses the gene and HDAC activates the gene. 
D)  HAT activates the gene and HDAC represses the gene. 
A)  Both HAT and HDAC activate the gene. 
B)  Both HAT and HDAC repress the gene. 
C)  HAT represses the gene and HDAC activates the gene. 
D)  HAT activates the gene and HDAC represses the gene.

Question 10

State the four distinct transcription states in the SOS regulon.

Accepted Answer

(1) When the system is in the OFF state,

Question 11

Describe the transcriptional regulation of the GAL1 and GAL10 genes in yeast.

Accepted Answer

The GAL4 protein binds to the UASG. In t

Question 12

Compare and contrast the structures of the lac repressor protein and CRP.

Accepted Answer

The lac repressor is

Question 13

What are the four transcription factors involved in the eve stripe 2 enhancer region?

Accepted Answer

Bicoid, Hu

Question 14

What are the two key protein complexes recruited to the preinitiation complex by activator proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  mediator complex and DNA polymerase 
B)  mediator complex and TFIID 
C)  TFIID and RNA polymerase 
D)  TFIID and DNA polymerase 
A)  mediator complex and DNA polymerase 
B)  mediator complex and TFIID 
C)  TFIID and RNA polymerase 
D)  TFIID and DNA polymerase

Question 15

A result of the DNA bend induced by the lac repressor binding is that the groove of the DNA is widened to allow binding of the lac repressor _.

Accepted Answer

A)  minor; $\alpha$-helix 
B)  major; $\alpha$-helix 
C)  minor; $\beta$-helix 
D)  major; $\beta$-helix 
A)  minor; $\alpha$-helix 
B)  major; $\alpha$-helix 
C)  minor; $\beta$-helix 
D)  major; $\beta$-helix

Question 16

When the Trp repressor is bound to the trp operon, it results in the by RNA polymerase.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition of transcriptional initiation 
B)  disruption of transcriptional elongation 
C)  initiation 
D)  enhancement of transcriptional elongation 
A)  inhibition of transcriptional initiation 
B)  disruption of transcriptional elongation 
C)  initiation 
D)  enhancement of transcriptional elongation

Question 17

Differentiate between the lytic and lysogenic stages of bacteriophage $\lambda$ in terms of what genes are active.

Accepted Answer

Using Figure 23.31 for reference, it can

Question 18

Predict the state of yeast when GAL 80 is bound to GAL 4 activation domain.

Accepted Answer

A)  high glucose concentration 
B)  low glucose concentration 
C)  high galactose concentration 
D)  low galactose concentration 
A)  high glucose concentration 
B)  low glucose concentration 
C)  high galactose concentration 
D)  low galactose concentration

Question 19

The correct mRNA secondary structure of transcriptional termination is __________ stem-loop structure.

Accepted Answer

A)  2-3 
B)  3-4 
C)  1-3 
D)  2-4 
A)  2-3 
B)  3-4 
C)  1-3 
D)  2-4

Question 20

The function of the lac operon is to provide

Accepted Answer

A)  the enzymes needed to utilize the disaccharide lactose. 
B)  the enzymes needed to produce lactose. 
C)  lactose. 
D)  glucose and galactose to make lactose. 
A)  the enzymes needed to utilize the disaccharide lactose. 
B)  the enzymes needed to produce lactose. 
C)  lactose. 
D)  glucose and galactose to make lactose.

Exam 23: Gene Regulation

Why are Arg, Lys, Gln, and Asn commonly found to make specific contact with nucleotide bases?

A protein that has a weak affinity for a DNA site and is at concentrations of protein will bind to DNA _.

Introducing Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, or Klf4 into a differentiated cell causes

The figure below shows autoregulation and will .

When running an assay for luciferase, what reporter gene has been inserted into the plasmid?

Draw the four combinations of nucleotides and label the major groove in each as either an H-bond donor, an H-bond acceptor, or hydrophobic.

Transcriptional elongation is favored by the trp operon when tryptophan levels are

By wrapping DNA around the histone octamer, how much smaller can DNA be?

What function do HAT and HDAC perform in the chromatin-modifying process?

State the four distinct transcription states in the SOS regulon.

Describe the transcriptional regulation of the GAL1 and GAL10 genes in yeast.

Compare and contrast the structures of the lac repressor protein and CRP.

What are the four transcription factors involved in the eve stripe 2 enhancer region?

What are the two key protein complexes recruited to the preinitiation complex by activator proteins?

A result of the DNA bend induced by the lac repressor binding is that the groove of the DNA is widened to allow binding of the lac repressor _.

When the Trp repressor is bound to the trp operon, it results in the by RNA polymerase.

Differentiate between the lytic and lysogenic stages of bacteriophage λ\lambdaλ in terms of what genes are active.

Predict the state of yeast when GAL 80 is bound to GAL 4 activation domain.

The correct mRNA secondary structure of transcriptional termination is __________ stem-loop structure.

The function of the lac operon is to provide

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Filters

Differentiate between the lytic and lysogenic stages of bacteriophage $\lambda$ in terms of what genes are active.