Question 1

An ATP synthase enzyme with more than 10 c subunits in the F0 stalk would

Accepted Answer

A)  require more protons to complete one 360$\degree$rotation. 
B)  result in more ATP synthesis per 360$\degree$ turn. 
C)  require fewer protons to rotate 360$\degree$. 
D)  result in less ATP synthesis per 360$\degree$turn. 
A)  require more protons to complete one 360$\degree$rotation. 
B)  result in more ATP synthesis per 360$\degree$ turn. 
C)  require fewer protons to rotate 360$\degree$. 
D)  result in less ATP synthesis per 360$\degree$turn. A

Question 2

On the figure below label the clearly identify the positions of the three functional units of ATP synthase: the rotor, the catalytic headpiece, and the stator.

Accepted Answer

The answer of On the figure below label the clearly...

Question 3

Mitochondria

Accepted Answer

A)  have a porous inner membrane and nonporous outer membrane. 
B)  have a higher pH inside the matrix than outside during active electron transport. 
C)  have an outer membrane that is composed of lipids and protein electron transport complexes. 
D)  generate ATP for the cell under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. 
A)  have a porous inner membrane and nonporous outer membrane. 
B)  have a higher pH inside the matrix than outside during active electron transport. 
C)  have an outer membrane that is composed of lipids and protein electron transport complexes. 
D)  generate ATP for the cell under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. B

Question 4

For each molecule below, list the number of ATP obtained assuming that the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation are active.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For each molecule below, list the number...

Question 5

For the metabolism of one glucose to two pyruvate molecules, set up a table showing the differences in the number of ATP obtained in the muscle and the liver assuming that the NADH and FADH2 is used by the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation to make ATP.

Accepted Answer

@#IMG-DLM& There would be two more ATP i

Question 6

Use the table below to answer the question.   In the direction indicated, which of the following reactions are thermodynamically favored? 
I. NAD+ + H2O$\rightarrow$O2 + NADH
II. FADH2 + H2O $\rightarrow$ O2 + FAD
III. NADH + O2 $\rightarrow$H2O + NAD+

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II 
B)  I and III 
C)  I, II, and III 
D)  III only 
A)  I and II 
B)  I and III 
C)  I, II, and III 
D)  III only

Question 7

Which reaction does the concept of oxidative phosphorylation refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  O2 + ADP + Pi $\rightarrow$ 2 H2O + ATP 
B)  NADH + H+ + 1/2 O2 $\rightarrow$ NAD+ + H2O 
C)  ADP + Pi $\rightarrow$ATP 
D)  NADH + 1/2 O2 + H+ + ADP + Pi $\rightarrow$NAD+ + ATP + H2O 
A)  O2 + ADP + Pi $\rightarrow$ 2 H2O + ATP 
B)  NADH + H+ + 1/2 O2 $\rightarrow$ NAD+ + H2O 
C)  ADP + Pi $\rightarrow$ATP 
D)  NADH + 1/2 O2 + H+ + ADP + Pi $\rightarrow$NAD+ + ATP + H2O

Question 8

Which one of the following correctly designates the number of ATPs generated by the reducing molecules shown below?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH from the TCA cycle-1.5 ATP 
B)  NADH from the cytosol (glycerol phosphate shuttle)-2.25 ATP 
C)  NADH from the cytosol (malate-aspartate shuttle)-1.5 ATP 
D)  FADH2 from the TCA cycle-1.5 ATP 
A)  NADH from the TCA cycle-1.5 ATP 
B)  NADH from the cytosol (glycerol phosphate shuttle)-2.25 ATP 
C)  NADH from the cytosol (malate-aspartate shuttle)-1.5 ATP 
D)  FADH2 from the TCA cycle-1.5 ATP

Question 9

Approximately how many more ATPs are made from one glucose molecule under aerobic conditions with oxidative phosphorylation than under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  2 
C)  30 
D)  104 
A)  0 
B)  2 
C)  30 
D)  104

Question 10

The ATP synthase enzyme contains a central stalk embedded in the mitochondrial membrane. What part of this stalk rotates?

Accepted Answer

A)  the $\alpha$3$\beta$3 ring 
B)  the F1 subunit 
C)  the d, h, and OSCP subunits 
D)  the ring of c subunits 
A)  the $\alpha$3$\beta$3 ring 
B)  the F1 subunit 
C)  the d, h, and OSCP subunits 
D)  the ring of c subunits

Question 11

During transfer of ATP, ADP, and Pi, some of the proton gradient is lost in the

Accepted Answer

A)  movement of ATP into the mitochondria by the ATP/ADP translocase. 
B)  movement of ATP out of the mitochondria. 
C)  transport of ADP into the mitochondria by the ADP translocase. 
D)  transport of Pi into the mitochondria by the phosphate translocase. 
A)  movement of ATP into the mitochondria by the ATP/ADP translocase. 
B)  movement of ATP out of the mitochondria. 
C)  transport of ADP into the mitochondria by the ADP translocase. 
D)  transport of Pi into the mitochondria by the phosphate translocase.

Question 12

What is the location of the electron transport system protein called cytochrome c?

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasm 
B)  mitochondrial matrix 
C)  inner mitochondrial membrane 
D)  intermembrane space 
A)  cytoplasm 
B)  mitochondrial matrix 
C)  inner mitochondrial membrane 
D)  intermembrane space

Question 13

Which directions across the mitochondria must H+, ATP, ADP, and Pi travel during active mitochondrial ATP synthesis?

Accepted Answer

H⁺travels back into the mitocho

Question 14

The main activator molecule of the ATP synthesis and the electron transport system is

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP. 
B)  H+. 
C)  ADP. 
D)  NAD+. 
A)  ATP. 
B)  H+. 
C)  ADP. 
D)  NAD+.

Question 15

If the mitochondrial ATP synthase were inhibited, but the electron transport chain was allowed to run continuously, the pH of the cytoplasm would

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease. 
B)  increase. 
C)  remain unchanged. 
D)  increase immediately and then decrease. 
A)  decrease. 
B)  increase. 
C)  remain unchanged. 
D)  increase immediately and then decrease.

Question 16

What would happen to the ETC and oxidative phosphorylation pathway in the presence of excess NADH if the mitochondrial matrix were not closed, but opened up to the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ETC complexes would function as normal, but no ATP would be made. 
B)  The ETC and synthesis of ATP would continue as normal. 
C)  The ETC complexes would transfer electrons from NADH to O2, but no protons would be pumped. 
D)  The NADH would react directly with O2, generating excess heat. 
A)  The ETC complexes would function as normal, but no ATP would be made. 
B)  The ETC and synthesis of ATP would continue as normal. 
C)  The ETC complexes would transfer electrons from NADH to O2, but no protons would be pumped. 
D)  The NADH would react directly with O2, generating excess heat.

Question 17

Use the table below to (A) write out the balanced reaction between NADH and O2 that drives the electron transport system and (B) compute the standard reduction potential.

Accepted Answer

2NADH + O₂ + 2H

Question 18

The free energy released from the electron transport system reaction NADH + 1/2 O2 + H+ $\rightarrow$ H2O + NAD+ is $\Delta$G $\degree$'= -220 kJ/mol. How many moles of ATP could theoretically be made assuming 100% efficiency in energy coupling through the chemiosmotic theory, and that
ADP+Pi $\rightarrow$  ATP $\Delta$G $\degree$'= 30.5 kJ/mol?

Accepted Answer

220 kJ/mol / 30.5 kJ

Question 19

The catalytic headpiece of the ATP synthase enzyme is primarily composed of which subunits?

Accepted Answer

A)  "a hexameric $\alpha$3$\beta$3 ring" 
B)  "a circle of$\ge$ 10 c subunits" 
C)  "the F0 subunit" 
D)  "$\gamma$, $\Delta$, and $\varepsilon$subunits" 
A)  "a hexameric $\alpha$3$\beta$3 ring" 
B)  "a circle of$\ge$ 10 c subunits" 
C)  "the F0 subunit" 
D)  "$\gamma$, $\Delta$, and $\varepsilon$subunits"

Question 20

The structure of the electron transport system protein called cytochrome c is highly conserved in nature because the

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme has the rare ability to bind O2 and reduce it. 
B)  protein active site contains a cofactor unique to the electron transport system. 
C)  protein is located inside the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. 
D)  protein plays an important role in the electron transport system and in other critical cellular pathways such as apoptosis. 
A)  enzyme has the rare ability to bind O2 and reduce it. 
B)  protein active site contains a cofactor unique to the electron transport system. 
C)  protein is located inside the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. 
D)  protein plays an important role in the electron transport system and in other critical cellular pathways such as apoptosis.

Exam 11: Oxidative Phosphorylation

An ATP synthase enzyme with more than 10 c subunits in the F0 stalk would

On the figure below label the clearly identify the positions of the three functional units of ATP synthase: the rotor, the catalytic headpiece, and the stator.

Mitochondria

For each molecule below, list the number of ATP obtained assuming that the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation are active.

For the metabolism of one glucose to two pyruvate molecules, set up a table showing the differences in the number of ATP obtained in the muscle and the liver assuming that the NADH and FADH2 is used by the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation to make ATP.

Use the table below to answer the question. In the direction indicated, which of the following reactions are thermodynamically favored? I. NAD+ + H2O →\rightarrow→ O2 + NADH II. FADH2 + H2O →\rightarrow→ O2 + FAD III. NADH + O2 →\rightarrow→ H2O + NAD+

Which reaction does the concept of oxidative phosphorylation refer to?

Which one of the following correctly designates the number of ATPs generated by the reducing molecules shown below?

Approximately how many more ATPs are made from one glucose molecule under aerobic conditions with oxidative phosphorylation than under anaerobic conditions?

The ATP synthase enzyme contains a central stalk embedded in the mitochondrial membrane. What part of this stalk rotates?

During transfer of ATP, ADP, and Pi, some of the proton gradient is lost in the

What is the location of the electron transport system protein called cytochrome c?

Which directions across the mitochondria must H+, ATP, ADP, and Pi travel during active mitochondrial ATP synthesis?

The main activator molecule of the ATP synthesis and the electron transport system is

If the mitochondrial ATP synthase were inhibited, but the electron transport chain was allowed to run continuously, the pH of the cytoplasm would

What would happen to the ETC and oxidative phosphorylation pathway in the presence of excess NADH if the mitochondrial matrix were not closed, but opened up to the cytoplasm?

Use the table below to (A) write out the balanced reaction between NADH and O2 that drives the electron transport system and (B) compute the standard reduction potential.

The catalytic headpiece of the ATP synthase enzyme is primarily composed of which subunits?

The structure of the electron transport system protein called cytochrome c is highly conserved in nature because the

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion, Water, and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination

RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, Posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

An ATP synthase enzyme with more than 10 c subunits in the F₀ stalk would

For the metabolism of one glucose to two pyruvate molecules, set up a table showing the differences in the number of ATP obtained in the muscle and the liver assuming that the NADH and FADH₂ is used by the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation to make ATP.

During transfer of ATP, ADP, and P_i, some of the proton gradient is lost in the

Which directions across the mitochondria must H⁺, ATP, ADP, and P_i travel during active mitochondrial ATP synthesis?

Use the table below to (A) write out the balanced reaction between NADH and O₂ that drives the electron transport system and (B) compute the standard reduction potential.