Exam 11: Oxidative Phosphorylation

Label the locations of $\alpha$ , $\beta$ , $\gamma$ , and c, and the F₀ and F₁ subunits on the following ATP synthase enzyme.

Which of the following is NOT a part of oxidative phosphorylation?

Studies of the inner mitochondrial membrane reveal its composition to be approximately 20% lipid bilayer and 80% protein. What is true of these proteins?

Inhibitors of the electron transport system, such as cyanide (CN ^- ) and carbon monoxide (CO), inhibit complex IV by binding to the heme iron cofactor. What is the resulting effect on oxidative phosphorylation?

Describe the process by which proton flow through the c subunits forces the rotation of the ATP synthase spindle in the mitochondrial membrane. Please include the roles of aspartic acid residues and the half-channels in your description.

Use the structure of the oxidized coenzyme Q (ubiquinone) shown below and draw the two-electron reduced form.

Which one of the following is involved in the flow of electrons from NADH through the electron transport system to molecular oxygen (O₂)?

The first enzyme in the electron transport system is referred to as complex I, otherwise known as

Which is the only electron carrier in the electron transport system that is not embedded in a membrane?

Which one of the following statements about the glycerol phosphate shuttle is true?

Mitochondria

A characteristic of complex III is that it

The electron transport complexes found in the electron transport system

What active site cofactor is found in the electron transport system protein called cytochrome c?

What is the fate of NADH after it donates its electrons to the electron transport system?

What happens to patients given the proton gradient uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol?

Draw a diagram of the mitochondrion and indicate which side of the organelle has a net positive charge and which side has a net negative charge as a result of proton pumping.

Which mechanism is the most efficient at moving NADH equivalents from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria?

Submitochondrial particles are inside-out pieces of the inner mitochondrial membrane formed through the sonication of mitochondria. Draw a diagram of these inside-out particles clearly showing (A) where electron transport from NADH occurs, (B) the direction of proton pumping, (C) the location of ATP synthesis, and (D) where O₂ reacts.