Question 1

Several inherited deficiencies in the complement system occur in humans. Which of the following would be the MOST severe?

Accepted Answer

A)  deficiency of C3 
B)  deficiency of C5 
C)  deficiency of C6 
D)  deficiency of C7 
E)  deficiency of C8 
A)  deficiency of C3 
B)  deficiency of C5 
C)  deficiency of C6 
D)  deficiency of C7 
E)  deficiency of C8

Question 2

All of the following are iron- binding proteins found in humans EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  ferritin. 
B)  transferrin. 
C)  siderophorin. 
D)  hemoglobin. 
E)  lactoferrin. 
A)  ferritin. 
B)  transferrin. 
C)  siderophorin. 
D)  hemoglobin. 
E)  lactoferrin.

Question 3

Explain how each of the following avoids being killed by phagocytes.
a. Streptococcus pneumoniae
b. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
c. Streptococcus pyogenes
d. Shigella dysenteriae

Accepted Answer

a. Streptococcus pneumoniae avoids being

Question 4

Margination refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the chemotactic response of phagocytes. 
B)  the adherence of phagocytes to microorganisms. 
C)  dilation of blood vessels. 
D)  the movement of phagocytes through walls of blood vessels. 
E)  adherence of phagocytes to the lining of blood vessels. 
A)  the chemotactic response of phagocytes. 
B)  the adherence of phagocytes to microorganisms. 
C)  dilation of blood vessels. 
D)  the movement of phagocytes through walls of blood vessels. 
E)  adherence of phagocytes to the lining of blood vessels.

Question 5

The complement protein cascade is the same for the classical pathway, alternative pathway, and lectin pathway beginning with the activation of

Accepted Answer

A)  C1. 
B)  C2. 
C)  C3. 
D)  C5. 
E)  C6. 
A)  C1. 
B)  C2. 
C)  C3. 
D)  C5. 
E)  C6.

Question 6

The antimicrobial effects of AMPs include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  pore formation in bacterial membranes. 
B)  destruction of nucleic acids. 
C)  inhibition of cell wall synthesis. 
D)  lysis of bacterial cells. 
E)  inhibition of phagocytosis. 
A)  pore formation in bacterial membranes. 
B)  destruction of nucleic acids. 
C)  inhibition of cell wall synthesis. 
D)  lysis of bacterial cells. 
E)  inhibition of phagocytosis.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alpha interferon promotes phagocytosis. 
B)  Beta interferon attacks invading viruses. 
C)  Alpha interferon acts against specific viruses. 
D)  All three types of interferons have the same effect on the body. 
E)  Gamma interferon causes bactericidal activity by macrophages. 
A)  Alpha interferon promotes phagocytosis. 
B)  Beta interferon attacks invading viruses. 
C)  Alpha interferon acts against specific viruses. 
D)  All three types of interferons have the same effect on the body. 
E)  Gamma interferon causes bactericidal activity by macrophages.

Question 8

Each of the following is an effect of complement activation EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  interference with viral replication. 
B)  bacterial cell lysis. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  increased blood vessel permeability. 
E)  increased phagocytic activity. 
A)  interference with viral replication. 
B)  bacterial cell lysis. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  increased blood vessel permeability. 
E)  increased phagocytic activity.

Question 9

All of the following are effects of histamine EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  isolation of an injurious agent. 
B)  repair of damaged tissue. 
C)  production of antibodies. 
D)  removal of an injurious agent. 
E)  destruction of an injurious agent. 
A)  isolation of an injurious agent. 
B)  repair of damaged tissue. 
C)  production of antibodies. 
D)  removal of an injurious agent. 
E)  destruction of an injurious agent.

Question 10

The swelling associated with inflammation decreases when the fluid

Accepted Answer

A)  is transported into macrophages. 
B)  goes into lymph capillaries. 
C)  is lost as perspiration. 
D)  is excreted in urine. 
E)  returns to the blood. 
A)  is transported into macrophages. 
B)  goes into lymph capillaries. 
C)  is lost as perspiration. 
D)  is excreted in urine. 
E)  returns to the blood.

Question 11

Phagocytes utilize all of the following to optimize interaction with microorganisms EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotaxis. 
B)  complement. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  trapping a bacterium against a rough surface. 
E)  lysozyme. 
A)  chemotaxis. 
B)  complement. 
C)  opsonization. 
D)  trapping a bacterium against a rough surface. 
E)  lysozyme.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about fixed macrophages is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They gather at sites of infection. 
B)  They are found in certain tissues and organs. 
C)  They develop from neutrophils. 
D)  They are mature monocytes. 
E)  They are cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system. 
A)  They gather at sites of infection. 
B)  They are found in certain tissues and organs. 
C)  They develop from neutrophils. 
D)  They are mature monocytes. 
E)  They are cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system.

Question 13

Which of the following is an effect of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased margination of phagocytes 
B)  cytolysis 
C)  inflammation 
D)  increased diapedesis of phagocytes 
E)  increased adherence of phagocytes to microorganisms 
A)  increased margination of phagocytes 
B)  cytolysis 
C)  inflammation 
D)  increased diapedesis of phagocytes 
E)  increased adherence of phagocytes to microorganisms

Question 14

An example of a TLR would be peptidoglycan found in the cell wall of gram- positive bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Maturation of stem cells into mature blood cells occurs in the red bone marrow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of complement. 
B)  phagocytosis. 
C)  inflammation. 
D)  production of interferon. 
E)  production of antibody. 
A)  activation of complement. 
B)  phagocytosis. 
C)  inflammation. 
D)  production of interferon. 
E)  production of antibody.

Question 17

Lysozyme and the antibiotic penicillin have similar mechanisms of action in that they both cause damage to the bacterial

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA. 
B)  cell membrane. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  capsule. 
E)  cell wall. 
A)  DNA. 
B)  cell membrane. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  capsule. 
E)  cell wall.

Exam 16: Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Several inherited deficiencies in the complement system occur in humans. Which of the following would be the MOST severe?

All of the following are iron- binding proteins found in humans EXCEPT

Explain how each of the following avoids being killed by phagocytes. a. Streptococcus pneumoniae b. Mycobacterium tuberculosis c. Streptococcus pyogenes d. Shigella dysenteriae

Margination refers to

The complement protein cascade is the same for the classical pathway, alternative pathway, and lectin pathway beginning with the activation of

The antimicrobial effects of AMPs include all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Each of the following is an effect of complement activation EXCEPT

All of the following are effects of histamine EXCEPT

The swelling associated with inflammation decreases when the fluid

Phagocytes utilize all of the following to optimize interaction with microorganisms EXCEPT

Which of the following statements about fixed macrophages is FALSE?

Which of the following is an effect of opsonization?

An example of a TLR would be peptidoglycan found in the cell wall of gram- positive bacteria.

Maturation of stem cells into mature blood cells occurs in the red bone marrow.

Innate immunity includes all of the following EXCEPT

Lysozyme and the antibiotic penicillin have similar mechanisms of action in that they both cause damage to the bacterial

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