Question 1

Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis is commonly acquired by

Accepted Answer

A)  mosquito bites. 
B)  exposure to body fluids of a contaminated individual. 
C)  ingestion of water contaminated with fecal material. 
D)  exposure to bird droppings. 
E)  swimming in warm ponds or streams. 
A)  mosquito bites. 
B)  exposure to body fluids of a contaminated individual. 
C)  ingestion of water contaminated with fecal material. 
D)  exposure to bird droppings. 
E)  swimming in warm ponds or streams. E

Question 2

Diagnosis of rabies is confirmed by

Accepted Answer

A)  direct fluorescent- antibody test. 
B)  Gram stain. 
C)  passive agglutination. 
D)  patient's death. 
E)  patient's symptoms. 
A)  direct fluorescent- antibody test. 
B)  Gram stain. 
C)  passive agglutination. 
D)  patient's death. 
E)  patient's symptoms. A

Question 3

All of the following organisms cause meningitis EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae. 
C)  Cryptococcus neoformans. 
D)  Mycobacterium leprae. 
E)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
A)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae. 
C)  Cryptococcus neoformans. 
D)  Mycobacterium leprae. 
E)  Streptococcus pneumoniae. D

Question 4

Which of the following is treated with antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)  streptococcal pneumonia 
B)  botulism 
C)  polio 
D)  tetanus 
E)  All of these diseases can be successfully treated with antibiotics. 
A)  streptococcal pneumonia 
B)  botulism 
C)  polio 
D)  tetanus 
E)  All of these diseases can be successfully treated with antibiotics.

Question 5

The most common host of the virus causing eastern equine encephalitis is horses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Initial treatment for tetanus in a fully immunized person with a puncture wound is

Accepted Answer

A)  debridement. 
B)  tetanus toxoid. 
C)  DTaP. 
D)  tetanus immune globulin. 
E)  penicillin. 
A)  debridement. 
B)  tetanus toxoid. 
C)  DTaP. 
D)  tetanus immune globulin. 
E)  penicillin.

Question 7

Which one of the following causes the most severe illness in humans, with a mortality rate of 30 percent?

Accepted Answer

A)  western equine encephalitis 
B)  West Nile encephalitis 
C)  eastern equine encephalitis 
D)  California encephalitis 
E)  St. Louis encephalitis 
A)  western equine encephalitis 
B)  West Nile encephalitis 
C)  eastern equine encephalitis 
D)  California encephalitis 
E)  St. Louis encephalitis

Question 8

The number of leprosy cases in the United States is gradually increasing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The symptoms of tetanus are due to

Accepted Answer

A)  systemic infection. 
B)  sustained relaxation of muscles. 
C)  endospore formation. 
D)  tetanospasmin. 
E)  inflammation. 
A)  systemic infection. 
B)  sustained relaxation of muscles. 
C)  endospore formation. 
D)  tetanospasmin. 
E)  inflammation.

Question 10

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cryptococcus neoformans - acid- fast rod 
B)  Naegleria fowleri - causes amoebic encephalitis 
C)  Haemophilus influenzae - virulence due to capsule 
D)  Mycobacterium leprae - cultured in armadillos 
E)  Neisseria meningitidis -produces deadly endotoxins 
A)  Cryptococcus neoformans - acid- fast rod 
B)  Naegleria fowleri - causes amoebic encephalitis 
C)  Haemophilus influenzae - virulence due to capsule 
D)  Mycobacterium leprae - cultured in armadillos 
E)  Neisseria meningitidis -produces deadly endotoxins

Question 11

All of the following diseases are caused by arbovirus EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). 
B)  St. Louis encephalitis. 
C)  eastern equine encephalitis. 
D)  West Nile encephalitis. 
E)  None of the answers is correct; all of these diseases are caused by arbovirus. 
A)  primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). 
B)  St. Louis encephalitis. 
C)  eastern equine encephalitis. 
D)  West Nile encephalitis. 
E)  None of the answers is correct; all of these diseases are caused by arbovirus.

Question 12

Which of the following vaccines can cause the disease it is designed to prevent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Haemophilus influenzae capsule vaccine 
B)  inactivated polio vaccine 
C)  tetanus toxoid vaccine 
D)  oral polio vaccine 
E)  meningococcal capsule vaccine 
A)  Haemophilus influenzae capsule vaccine 
B)  inactivated polio vaccine 
C)  tetanus toxoid vaccine 
D)  oral polio vaccine 
E)  meningococcal capsule vaccine

Question 13

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  meningococcal meningitis - respiratory route 
B)  listeriosis - ingestion 
C)  leprosy - direct contact 
D)  poliomyelitis - respiratory route 
E)  rabies - direct contact 
A)  meningococcal meningitis - respiratory route 
B)  listeriosis - ingestion 
C)  leprosy - direct contact 
D)  poliomyelitis - respiratory route 
E)  rabies - direct contact

Question 14

Which of the following statements about Neisseria meningitis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a gram- positive anaerobe. 
B)  Its most distinguishing feature is a unique rash. 
C)  It is typically transmitted by droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions. 
D)  It is encapsulated. 
E)  A healthy carrier state can exist. 
A)  It is a gram- positive anaerobe. 
B)  Its most distinguishing feature is a unique rash. 
C)  It is typically transmitted by droplet aerosols or direct contact with secretions. 
D)  It is encapsulated. 
E)  A healthy carrier state can exist.

Question 15

Vaccination is available for all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  tetanus. 
B)  rabies. 
C)  botulism. 
D)  Neisseria meningitis. 
E)  Haemophilus meningitis. 
A)  tetanus. 
B)  rabies. 
C)  botulism. 
D)  Neisseria meningitis. 
E)  Haemophilus meningitis.

Question 16

Cryptococcus neoformans is a gram- negative cocci with a thick capsule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

All of the following are true of chronic fatigue syndrome EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  it is also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis. 
B)  it may be triggered by a viral infection. 
C)  it is a psychological disorder. 
D)  it may have a genetic component. 
E)  it often begins with flu- like symptoms that do not go away. 
A)  it is also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis. 
B)  it may be triggered by a viral infection. 
C)  it is a psychological disorder. 
D)  it may have a genetic component. 
E)  it often begins with flu- like symptoms that do not go away.

Question 18

All of the following organisms are transmitted via the respiratory route EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Listeria monocytogenes. 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae. 
C)  Cryptococcus neoformans. 
D)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
E)  None of the answers is correct; all of these organisms are transmitted by the respiratory route. 
A)  Listeria monocytogenes. 
B)  Haemophilus influenzae. 
C)  Cryptococcus neoformans. 
D)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
E)  None of the answers is correct; all of these organisms are transmitted by the respiratory route.

Question 19

Microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid reveals gram- positive rods. What is the organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus 
B)  Listeria 
C)  Naegleria 
D)  Haemophilus 
E)  Neisseria 
A)  Streptococcus 
B)  Listeria 
C)  Naegleria 
D)  Haemophilus 
E)  Neisseria

Question 20

A one- year- old boy was listless, irritable, and sleepy. Capsulated Gram- negative rods were cultured from his cerebrospinal fluid. His symptoms were caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  Clostridium tetani. 
B)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
C)  a prion. 
D)  rabies. 
E)  Haemophilus influenzae. 
A)  Clostridium tetani. 
B)  Neisseria meningitidis. 
C)  a prion. 
D)  rabies. 
E)  Haemophilus influenzae.

Exam 22: Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis is commonly acquired by

Diagnosis of rabies is confirmed by

All of the following organisms cause meningitis EXCEPT

Which of the following is treated with antibiotics?

The most common host of the virus causing eastern equine encephalitis is horses.

Initial treatment for tetanus in a fully immunized person with a puncture wound is

Which one of the following causes the most severe illness in humans, with a mortality rate of 30 percent?

The number of leprosy cases in the United States is gradually increasing.

The symptoms of tetanus are due to

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

All of the following diseases are caused by arbovirus EXCEPT

Which of the following vaccines can cause the disease it is designed to prevent?

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Which of the following statements about Neisseria meningitis is FALSE?

Vaccination is available for all the following EXCEPT

Cryptococcus neoformans is a gram- negative cocci with a thick capsule.

All of the following are true of chronic fatigue syndrome EXCEPT

All of the following organisms are transmitted via the respiratory route EXCEPT

Microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid reveals gram- positive rods. What is the organism?

A one- year- old boy was listless, irritable, and sleepy. Capsulated Gram- negative rods were cultured from his cerebrospinal fluid. His symptoms were caused by

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Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

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Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

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Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

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Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

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