Question 1

A cold transmitted by a facial tissue is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  droplet transmission. 
B)  vehicle transmission. 
C)  direct contact. 
D)  vector. 
E)  fomite. 
A)  droplet transmission. 
B)  vehicle transmission. 
C)  direct contact. 
D)  vector. 
E)  fomite. B

Question 2

A researcher only needs to select a cohort group when implementing an analytical epidemiological study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Diseases that are referred to as EIDs have only been discovered in the past fifty years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  influenza - droplet infection 
B)  malaria - vector 
C)  salmonellosis - vehicle transmission 
D)  syphilis - direct contact 
E)  None of the pairs is mismatched. 
A)  influenza - droplet infection 
B)  malaria - vector 
C)  salmonellosis - vehicle transmission 
D)  syphilis - direct contact 
E)  None of the pairs is mismatched.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Symbiosis refers to different organisms living together and benefiting from each other. 
B)  Members of a symbiotic relationship cannot live without each other. 
C)  At least one member must benefit in a symbiotic relationship. 
D)  At least one member must not benefit in a symbiotic relationship. 
E)  A parasite is not in symbiosis with its host. 
A)  Symbiosis refers to different organisms living together and benefiting from each other. 
B)  Members of a symbiotic relationship cannot live without each other. 
C)  At least one member must benefit in a symbiotic relationship. 
D)  At least one member must not benefit in a symbiotic relationship. 
E)  A parasite is not in symbiosis with its host.

Question 6

In which of the following patterns of disease does the patient experience no signs or symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  decline 
B)  prodromal 
C)  convalescence 
D)  incubation 
E)  incubation and convalescence 
A)  decline 
B)  prodromal 
C)  convalescence 
D)  incubation 
E)  incubation and convalescence

Question 7

When studying the epidemiology of a particular disease, why are retrospective studies commonly undertaken before prospective studies?

Accepted Answer

Retrospective studies are commonly under

Question 8

The yeast Candida albicans does not normally cause disease because of

Accepted Answer

A)  symbiotic bacteria. 
B)  antagonistic bacteria. 
C)  other fungi. 
D)  commensal bacteria. 
E)  parasitic bacteria. 
A)  symbiotic bacteria. 
B)  antagonistic bacteria. 
C)  other fungi. 
D)  commensal bacteria. 
E)  parasitic bacteria.

Question 9

A nosocomial infection is

Accepted Answer

A)  only a result of surgery. 
B)  always caused by medical personnel. 
C)  always present, but is inapparent at the time of hospitalization. 
D)  always caused by pathogenic bacteria. 
E)  acquired during the course of hospitalization. 
A)  only a result of surgery. 
B)  always caused by medical personnel. 
C)  always present, but is inapparent at the time of hospitalization. 
D)  always caused by pathogenic bacteria. 
E)  acquired during the course of hospitalization.

Question 10

Figure 14.2
  
-In Figure 14.2, when is the prevalence the highest?

Accepted Answer

A)  February 
B)  March 
C)  July 
D)  January 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. 
A)  February 
B)  March 
C)  July 
D)  January 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

Question 11

Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary infection: an initial illness 
B)  chronic: a disease that develops slowly and lasts for months 
C)  inapparent: infection characteristic of a carrier state 
D)  secondary infection: a long- lasting illness 
E)  acute: a short- lasting primary infection 
A)  primary infection: an initial illness 
B)  chronic: a disease that develops slowly and lasts for months 
C)  inapparent: infection characteristic of a carrier state 
D)  secondary infection: a long- lasting illness 
E)  acute: a short- lasting primary infection

Question 12

In which of the following diseases can gender be considered a viable predisposing factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  salmonellosis 
B)  pneumonia 
C)  urinary tract infections 
D)  anthrax 
E)  tetanus 
A)  salmonellosis 
B)  pneumonia 
C)  urinary tract infections 
D)  anthrax 
E)  tetanus

Question 13

Figure 14.3
  
-The graph in Figure 14.3 shows the incidence of polio in the United States. The period between 1945 and 1955 indicates a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  endemic level. 
B)  sporadic infection. 
C)  pandemic. 
D)  communicable disease. 
E)  epidemic level. 
A)  endemic level. 
B)  sporadic infection. 
C)  pandemic. 
D)  communicable disease. 
E)  epidemic level.

Question 14

Situation 14.1 is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a zoonosis. 
B)  a focal infection. 
C)  a nonliving reservoir. 
D)  a vector. 
E)  human reservoirs. 
A)  a zoonosis. 
B)  a focal infection. 
C)  a nonliving reservoir. 
D)  a vector. 
E)  human reservoirs.

Question 15

Reservoirs of infections are always animate objects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Symptoms of disease differ from signs of disease in that symptoms

Accepted Answer

A)  are specific for a particular disease. 
B)  are changes observed by the physician. 
C)  are changes felt by the patient. 
D)  always occur as part of a syndrome. 
E)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  are specific for a particular disease. 
B)  are changes observed by the physician. 
C)  are changes felt by the patient. 
D)  always occur as part of a syndrome. 
E)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 17

The science that deals with when diseases occur and how they are transmitted is called

Accepted Answer

A)  communicable disease. 
B)  morbidity and mortality. 
C)  public health. 
D)  ecology. 
E)  epidemiology. 
A)  communicable disease. 
B)  morbidity and mortality. 
C)  public health. 
D)  ecology. 
E)  epidemiology.

Question 18

A commensal bacterium

Accepted Answer

A)  may also be an opportunistic pathogen. 
B)  is beneficial to its host. 
C)  does not receive any benefit from its host. 
D)  does not infect its host. 
E)  is beneficial to, and does not infect, its host. 
A)  may also be an opportunistic pathogen. 
B)  is beneficial to its host. 
C)  does not receive any benefit from its host. 
D)  does not infect its host. 
E)  is beneficial to, and does not infect, its host.

Question 19

Figure 14.4
  
-Salmonella Heidelberg gastroenteritis occurred on three cruises aboard the T.S.S. Festivale. Figure 14.4 shows on- board clinic visits for diarrheal illness between February 10 and March 3. Explain the incidence pattern shown on the graph. What are probable modes of transmission? What changes would you recommend before the ship books more cruises after March 3?

Accepted Answer

The graph in Figure 14.4 shows a sharp i

Question 20

The major significance of Robert Koch's work is that

Accepted Answer

A)  microorganisms can be cultured. 
B)  microorganisms are present in a diseased animal. 
C)  microorganisms are the result of disease. 
D)  diseases can be transmitted from one animal to another. 
E)  microorganisms cause disease. 
A)  microorganisms can be cultured. 
B)  microorganisms are present in a diseased animal. 
C)  microorganisms are the result of disease. 
D)  diseases can be transmitted from one animal to another. 
E)  microorganisms cause disease.

Exam 14: Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

A cold transmitted by a facial tissue is an example of

A researcher only needs to select a cohort group when implementing an analytical epidemiological study.

Diseases that are referred to as EIDs have only been discovered in the past fifty years.

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

In which of the following patterns of disease does the patient experience no signs or symptoms?

When studying the epidemiology of a particular disease, why are retrospective studies commonly undertaken before prospective studies?

The yeast Candida albicans does not normally cause disease because of

A nosocomial infection is

Figure 14.2 -In Figure 14.2, when is the prevalence the highest?

Which of the following definitions is INCORRECT?

In which of the following diseases can gender be considered a viable predisposing factor?

Figure 14.3 -The graph in Figure 14.3 shows the incidence of polio in the United States. The period between 1945 and 1955 indicates a(n)

Situation 14.1 is an example of

Reservoirs of infections are always animate objects.

Symptoms of disease differ from signs of disease in that symptoms

The science that deals with when diseases occur and how they are transmitted is called

A commensal bacterium

The major significance of Robert Koch's work is that

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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