Question 1

A positive tuberculin skin test is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  innate immunity. 
B)  acute contact dermatitis. 
C)  psoriasis. 
D)  delayed cell- mediated immunity. 
E)  autoimmunity. 
A)  innate immunity. 
B)  acute contact dermatitis. 
C)  psoriasis. 
D)  delayed cell- mediated immunity. 
E)  autoimmunity. D

Question 2

Cancer is similar to an infectious disease in that it is due to a failure of the body's defenses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Which of the following is a possible outcome of an HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infection may initially be asymptomatic. 
B)  The disease does not progress to AIDS. 
C)  Virions may remain latent. 
D)  There may be persistent yeast infections . 
E)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  Infection may initially be asymptomatic. 
B)  The disease does not progress to AIDS. 
C)  Virions may remain latent. 
D)  There may be persistent yeast infections . 
E)  All of the answers are correct. E

Question 4

Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system is unable to discriminate "self" from "nonself."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

HIV spikes attach to CD4+ receptors found on

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages. 
B)  dendritic cells. 
C)  T helper cells. 
D)  T helper cells and macrophages. 
E)  T helper cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. 
A)  macrophages. 
B)  dendritic cells. 
C)  T helper cells. 
D)  T helper cells and macrophages. 
E)  T helper cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells.

Question 6

Graft- versus- host disease will most likely be a complication of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  blood transfusion. 
B)  corneal transplant. 
C)  skin graft. 
D)  bone marrow transplant. 
E)  Rh incompatibility between mother and fetus. 
A)  blood transfusion. 
B)  corneal transplant. 
C)  skin graft. 
D)  bone marrow transplant. 
E)  Rh incompatibility between mother and fetus.

Question 7

The initial symptom of HIV infection is

Accepted Answer

A)  high viral load. 
B)  appearance of thrush. 
C)  significant weight loss 
D)  loss of T cells. 
E)  lymphadenopathy 
A)  high viral load. 
B)  appearance of thrush. 
C)  significant weight loss 
D)  loss of T cells. 
E)  lymphadenopathy

Question 8

Table 19.1 $\begin{array}{c}
\begin{array}{|l|}
\hline \text {Donor}\
 \hline 1.\text {AB, Rh-}\ 
\hline2. \text {A. Rh+}\
 \hline3. \text {A, $ \mathrm{Rh}^{+} $}\
 \hline 4.\text {B, $ \mathrm{Rh}= $}\
\hline 5.\text {B. $ \mathrm{Rh}^{+} $}\
\hline  
\end{array}
\begin{array}{l|}
\hline \text {Recipient}\
\hline \text {AB, $ \mathbf{R h}^{+} $}\
\hline \text {A, Rh-}\
\hline \text {$ \mathrm{O}, \mathrm{Rh}^{+} $}\
\hline \text {B, $ \mathrm{Rh}^{+} $}\
\hline \text {$ \mathbf{A}_{,} \mathrm{Rh}^{+} $}\
\hline
 
\end{array}
\end{array}$

-Which blood transfusions in Table 19.1 are incompatible?

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, and 3 
B)  3 and 4 
C)  1 and 2 
D)  2 and 5 
E)  2, 3, and 5 
A)  1, 2, and 3 
B)  3 and 4 
C)  1 and 2 
D)  2 and 5 
E)  2, 3, and 5

Question 9

Desensitization involves injection of

Accepted Answer

A)  IgE antibodies. 
B)  antigens. 
C)  histamine. 
D)  IgG antibodies. 
E)  antihistamine. 
A)  IgE antibodies. 
B)  antigens. 
C)  histamine. 
D)  IgG antibodies. 
E)  antihistamine.

Question 10

The following events occur if human cells expressing HLA- I are mixed with anti- HLA- I, complement, and trypan blue. What step indicates the cells are HLA- I?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anti- HLA antibodies bind to HLAs on lymphocytes. 
B)  Trypan blue enters the cells. 
C)  Cells are damaged by complement. 
D)  Enzyme is released from neutrophils. 
E)  None of the answers are correct; the T cells are missing. 
A)  Anti- HLA antibodies bind to HLAs on lymphocytes. 
B)  Trypan blue enters the cells. 
C)  Cells are damaged by complement. 
D)  Enzyme is released from neutrophils. 
E)  None of the answers are correct; the T cells are missing.

Question 11

Symptoms of delayed cell- mediated reactions are due to

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG antibodies. 
B)  neutrophils. 
C)  cytokines. 
D)  IgE antibodies. 
E)  antigens. 
A)  IgG antibodies. 
B)  neutrophils. 
C)  cytokines. 
D)  IgE antibodies. 
E)  antigens.

Question 12

All of the following lead to drug- induced thrombocytopenic purpura. Which occurs first?

Accepted Answer

A)  Drug binds to platelets. 
B)  Antibodies against haptens are formed. 
C)  Platelets are destroyed. 
D)  Antibodies and complement react with platelets. 
E)  Purpura occurs on the skin. 
A)  Drug binds to platelets. 
B)  Antibodies against haptens are formed. 
C)  Platelets are destroyed. 
D)  Antibodies and complement react with platelets. 
E)  Purpura occurs on the skin.

Question 13

Which of the following utilizes a combination of monoclonal antitumor antibody and immunotoxin?

Accepted Answer

A)  immunologic enhancement 
B)  immune complex 
C)  immunologic surveillance 
D)  immunotherapy 
E)  immunosuppression 
A)  immunologic enhancement 
B)  immune complex 
C)  immunologic surveillance 
D)  immunotherapy 
E)  immunosuppression

Question 14

Vaccines against HIV have proven to be very effective in halting the spread of disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Even though AIDS is an infectious disease caused by a virus, why is it also considered an immunodeficiency disease?

Accepted Answer

AIDS, which stands for Acquired Immunode

Question 16

In rheumatoid arthritis, IgM, IgG, and complement deposit in joints. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  cytotoxic autoimmunity. 
B)  immunosuppression. 
C)  immune complex autoimmunity. 
D)  acquired immunodeficiency. 
E)  cell- mediated autoimmunity. 
A)  cytotoxic autoimmunity. 
B)  immunosuppression. 
C)  immune complex autoimmunity. 
D)  acquired immunodeficiency. 
E)  cell- mediated autoimmunity.

Question 17

HIV is a retrovirus with single- stranded RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following regions has the greatest distribution of HIV infection and AIDS in the world?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eastern Europe and Central Asia 
B)  North America 
C)  South and Southeast Asia 
D)  Latin America 
E)  sub- Saharan Africa 
A)  Eastern Europe and Central Asia 
B)  North America 
C)  South and Southeast Asia 
D)  Latin America 
E)  sub- Saharan Africa

Question 19

All of the following are true of hypersensitivity EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  it occurs when an individual is exposed to an allergen for the first time. 
B)  it is synonymous with "allergy." 
C)  it requires previous exposure to an antigen. 
D)  it occurs in the presence of an antigen. 
E)  it is due to an altered immune response. 
A)  it occurs when an individual is exposed to an allergen for the first time. 
B)  it is synonymous with "allergy." 
C)  it requires previous exposure to an antigen. 
D)  it occurs in the presence of an antigen. 
E)  it is due to an altered immune response.

Question 20

A health care worker had a needlestick injury while drawing blood from an AIDS patient. Lab tests on the worker's serum were negative. Explain why the worker can still be infected even though her lab tests were negative. How should her health care be monitored?

Accepted Answer

The worker can still be infected with HI

Exam 19: Disorders Associated With the Immune System

A positive tuberculin skin test is an example of

Cancer is similar to an infectious disease in that it is due to a failure of the body's defenses.

Which of the following is a possible outcome of an HIV infection?

Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system is unable to discriminate "self" from "nonself."

HIV spikes attach to CD4+ receptors found on

Graft- versus- host disease will most likely be a complication of a(n)

The initial symptom of HIV infection is

Desensitization involves injection of

The following events occur if human cells expressing HLA- I are mixed with anti- HLA- I, complement, and trypan blue. What step indicates the cells are HLA- I?

Symptoms of delayed cell- mediated reactions are due to

All of the following lead to drug- induced thrombocytopenic purpura. Which occurs first?

Which of the following utilizes a combination of monoclonal antitumor antibody and immunotoxin?

Vaccines against HIV have proven to be very effective in halting the spread of disease.

Even though AIDS is an infectious disease caused by a virus, why is it also considered an immunodeficiency disease?

In rheumatoid arthritis, IgM, IgG, and complement deposit in joints. This is an example of

HIV is a retrovirus with single- stranded RNA.

Which of the following regions has the greatest distribution of HIV infection and AIDS in the world?

All of the following are true of hypersensitivity EXCEPT

A health care worker had a needlestick injury while drawing blood from an AIDS patient. Lab tests on the worker's serum were negative. Explain why the worker can still be infected even though her lab tests were negative. How should her health care be monitored?

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

Filters

HIV spikes attach to CD4⁺receptors found on