Question 1

Lifelong immunity is conferred once an individual has had botulism and recovered.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

On June 30, a 47- year- old man was hospitalized with dizziness, blurred vision, slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, and nausea. Examination revealed facial paralysis. The patient had partially healed superficial knee wounds incurred while laying cement. He reported eating home- canned green beans and stew containing roast beef and potatoes 24 hours before onset of symptoms. The patient should be treated with

Accepted Answer

A)  antibiotics. 
B)  surgery. 
C)  antitoxin. 
D)  supportive care, including respiratory assistance. 
E)  vaccination. 
A)  antibiotics. 
B)  surgery. 
C)  antitoxin. 
D)  supportive care, including respiratory assistance. 
E)  vaccination.

Question 3

The most common route of central nervous system invasion by pathogens is through

Accepted Answer

A)  the gastrointestinal system. 
B)  the circulatory system. 
C)  the skin. 
D)  direct penetration into nerves. 
E)  the parenteral route. 
A)  the gastrointestinal system. 
B)  the circulatory system. 
C)  the skin. 
D)  direct penetration into nerves. 
E)  the parenteral route.

Question 4

A 30- year- old woman was hospitalized after she experienced convulsions. On examination, she was alert and oriented and complained of a fever, headache, and stiff neck. Which of the following is most likely to provide rapid identification of the cause of her symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  check serum antibodies 
B)  Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid 
C)  Gram stain of throat culture 
D)  biopsy of brain tissue 
E)  None of these would provide rapid identification. 
A)  check serum antibodies 
B)  Gram stain of cerebrospinal fluid 
C)  Gram stain of throat culture 
D)  biopsy of brain tissue 
E)  None of these would provide rapid identification.

Question 5

On October 5, a pet store sold a kitten that subsequently died. On October 22, rabies was diagnosed in the kitten. Between September 19 and October 23, the pet store had sold 34 kittens. Approximately 1000 people responded to health care providers following local media alerts. These people were given

Accepted Answer

A)  human diploid cell vaccine. 
B)  antibiotics. 
C)  antiviral medications. 
D)  immune globulin injections. 
E)  postexposure prophylaxis. 
A)  human diploid cell vaccine. 
B)  antibiotics. 
C)  antiviral medications. 
D)  immune globulin injections. 
E)  postexposure prophylaxis.

Question 6

Viral meningitis is much more common than bacterial meningitis and tends to cause a milder form of disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A pathologist detects Negri bodies while examining a brain section taken at autopsy. What was the cause of death?

Accepted Answer

A)  meningococcal meningitis 
B)  Hansen's disease 
C)  poliomyelitis 
D)  rabies 
E)  eastern equine encephalitis 
A)  meningococcal meningitis 
B)  Hansen's disease 
C)  poliomyelitis 
D)  rabies 
E)  eastern equine encephalitis

Question 8

Each of the following is caused by prions EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  sheep scrapie. 
B)  bovine spongiform encephalopathy. 
C)  kuru. 
D)  rabies. 
E)  Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease. 
A)  sheep scrapie. 
B)  bovine spongiform encephalopathy. 
C)  kuru. 
D)  rabies. 
E)  Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease.

Question 9

Patients with leprosy usually die from complications such as

Accepted Answer

A)  brain damage. 
B)  pneumonia. 
C)  cardiac arrest. 
D)  tuberculosis. 
E)  loss of nerve function. 
A)  brain damage. 
B)  pneumonia. 
C)  cardiac arrest. 
D)  tuberculosis. 
E)  loss of nerve function.

Question 10

All of the following microorganisms can directly cause meningitis EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  virus. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  mosquitoes. 
E)  protozoa. 
A)  virus. 
B)  bacteria. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  mosquitoes. 
E)  protozoa.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about rabies is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrophobia is associated with the disease. 
B)  Diagnosis is based on immunofluorescent techniques. 
C)  Most infections in the U.S. are the result of bites from infected dogs. 
D)  Average incubation period is 30 to 50 days after initial infection. 
E)  It is caused by Lyssavirus. 
A)  Hydrophobia is associated with the disease. 
B)  Diagnosis is based on immunofluorescent techniques. 
C)  Most infections in the U.S. are the result of bites from infected dogs. 
D)  Average incubation period is 30 to 50 days after initial infection. 
E)  It is caused by Lyssavirus.

Question 12

If a normal protein typically found on the surface of nervous tissue cells comes into contact with an abnormally folded protein, it can lead to prion- related disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

CSF contains high levels of complement and circulating antibodies to prevent infection of the brain and spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

All of the following organisms are correctly matched to the recommended treatment EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacterium leprae - dapsone. 
B)  poliovirus - amphotericin B. 
C)  Cryptococcus neoformans - amphotericin B. 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae - cephalosporins. 
E)  Neisseria meningitidis - cephalosporins. 
A)  Mycobacterium leprae - dapsone. 
B)  poliovirus - amphotericin B. 
C)  Cryptococcus neoformans - amphotericin B. 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae - cephalosporins. 
E)  Neisseria meningitidis - cephalosporins.

Question 15

Poliomyelitis is caused by a virus and typically leads to paralysis in those affected.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 22: Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Lifelong immunity is conferred once an individual has had botulism and recovered.

The most common route of central nervous system invasion by pathogens is through

A 30- year- old woman was hospitalized after she experienced convulsions. On examination, she was alert and oriented and complained of a fever, headache, and stiff neck. Which of the following is most likely to provide rapid identification of the cause of her symptoms?

Viral meningitis is much more common than bacterial meningitis and tends to cause a milder form of disease.

A pathologist detects Negri bodies while examining a brain section taken at autopsy. What was the cause of death?

Each of the following is caused by prions EXCEPT

Patients with leprosy usually die from complications such as

All of the following microorganisms can directly cause meningitis EXCEPT

Which of the following statements about rabies is FALSE?

If a normal protein typically found on the surface of nervous tissue cells comes into contact with an abnormally folded protein, it can lead to prion- related disease.

CSF contains high levels of complement and circulating antibodies to prevent infection of the brain and spinal cord.

All of the following organisms are correctly matched to the recommended treatment EXCEPT

Poliomyelitis is caused by a virus and typically leads to paralysis in those affected.

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Antimicrobial Drugs

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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