Question 1

Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  monobactam 
B)  cephalosporin 
C)  streptomycin 
D)  bacitracin 
E)  penicillin 
A)  monobactam 
B)  cephalosporin 
C)  streptomycin 
D)  bacitracin 
E)  penicillin

Question 2

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Florey and Chain - identification of Penicillium as the producer of penicillin 
B)  Fleming - identification of penicillin 
C)  Ehrlich - "magic bullet" theory 
D)  Kirby and Bauer - disc- diffusion method 
E)  None of these is mismatched. 
A)  Florey and Chain - identification of Penicillium as the producer of penicillin 
B)  Fleming - identification of penicillin 
C)  Ehrlich - "magic bullet" theory 
D)  Kirby and Bauer - disc- diffusion method 
E)  None of these is mismatched.

Question 3

Phage therapy has been used in the past as an antiviral treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Table 20.2
The following results were obtained from a disk- diffusion test for microbial susceptibility to antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus was the test organism. $\begin{array}{c}
\begin{array}{lll}
 \text {Antibiotic}\
 \text {B \( 7 \mathrm{~mm} $}\
 \text {C $ 0 \mathrm{~mm} $}\
 \text {D $ 10 \mathrm{~mm} $}
\end{array}
\begin{array}{lll}
\text { Zone of Inhibition A } \
\
\
\
\end{array}
\begin{array}{lll}
3 \mathrm{~mm} \
\
\
\
\end{array}

\end{array}\)

-In Table 20.2, the most effective antibiotic tested was

Accepted Answer

A)  A. 
B)  B. 
C)  C. 
D)  D. 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided. 
A)  A. 
B)  B. 
C)  C. 
D)  D. 
E)  The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided.

Question 5

Figure 20.2
  
-The antibiotic cycloheximide binds to the 60S subunit of the ribosome, as shown in Figure 20.2. The effect is to

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent peptide bond formation in prokaryotes. 
B)  prevent mRNA-ribosome binding in eukaryotes. 
C)  prevent ribosome formation in bacteria. 
D)  prevent transcription in prokaryotes. 
E)  prevent polypeptide elongation in eukaryotes. 
A)  prevent peptide bond formation in prokaryotes. 
B)  prevent mRNA-ribosome binding in eukaryotes. 
C)  prevent ribosome formation in bacteria. 
D)  prevent transcription in prokaryotes. 
E)  prevent polypeptide elongation in eukaryotes.

Question 6

Use of antibiotics in animal feed leads to antibiotic- resistant bacteria because

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria from other animals replace those killed by the antibiotics. 
B)  the antibiotics persist in soil and water. 
C)  the few surviving bacteria that are affected by the antibiotics develop immunity to the antibiotics, which they pass on to their progeny. 
D)  the antibiotics cause new mutations to occur in the surviving bacteria, which results in resistance to antibiotics. 
E)  the antibiotics kill susceptible bacteria, but the few that are naturally resistant live and reproduce, and their progeny repopulate the host animal. 
A)  bacteria from other animals replace those killed by the antibiotics. 
B)  the antibiotics persist in soil and water. 
C)  the few surviving bacteria that are affected by the antibiotics develop immunity to the antibiotics, which they pass on to their progeny. 
D)  the antibiotics cause new mutations to occur in the surviving bacteria, which results in resistance to antibiotics. 
E)  the antibiotics kill susceptible bacteria, but the few that are naturally resistant live and reproduce, and their progeny repopulate the host animal.

Question 7

An antibiotic that attacks the LPS layer would be expected to have a narrow spectrum of activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Figure 20.4
  
-The structures of the influenza drug Tamiflu and sialic acid, the substrate for influenza virus's neuramidase, are shown in Figure 20.4. What is the method of action of Tamiflu?

Accepted Answer

A)  prevents synthesis of virus spikes 
B)  inhibits cell wall synthesis 
C)  competitive inhibition 
D)  inhibits plasma membrane synthesis 
E)  inhibits synthesis of neuramidase 
A)  prevents synthesis of virus spikes 
B)  inhibits cell wall synthesis 
C)  competitive inhibition 
D)  inhibits plasma membrane synthesis 
E)  inhibits synthesis of neuramidase

Question 9

Which of the following antibiotics causes misreading of mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloramphenicol - inhibits peptide bonds at 50S subunit 
B)  oxazolidinone - prevents formation of 70S ribosome 
C)  aminoglycoside - changes shape of 30S units 
D)  streptogamin - prevents release of peptide from 70S ribosome 
E)  tetracyclines - bind with 30S subunit 
A)  chloramphenicol - inhibits peptide bonds at 50S subunit 
B)  oxazolidinone - prevents formation of 70S ribosome 
C)  aminoglycoside - changes shape of 30S units 
D)  streptogamin - prevents release of peptide from 70S ribosome 
E)  tetracyclines - bind with 30S subunit

Question 10

Antimicrobial peptides work by

Accepted Answer

A)  disrupting the plasma membrane. 
B)  complementary base pairing with DNA. 
C)  hydrolyzing peptidoglycan. 
D)  inhibiting cell- wall synthesis. 
E)  inhibiting protein synthesis. 
A)  disrupting the plasma membrane. 
B)  complementary base pairing with DNA. 
C)  hydrolyzing peptidoglycan. 
D)  inhibiting cell- wall synthesis. 
E)  inhibiting protein synthesis.

Question 11

Niclosamide prevents ATP generation in mitochondria. You would expect this drug to be effective against

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
B)  gram- negative bacteria. 
C)  gram- positive bacteria. 
D)  viruses. 
E)  helminths. 
A)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
B)  gram- negative bacteria. 
C)  gram- positive bacteria. 
D)  viruses. 
E)  helminths.

Question 12

Which of the following would be selective against the tubercle bacillus?

Accepted Answer

A)  ethambutol - inhibits mycolic acid synthesis 
B)  streptomycin - inhibits protein synthesis 
C)  bacitracin - inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis 
D)  vancomycin - inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis 
E)  streptogramin - inhibits protein synthesis 
A)  ethambutol - inhibits mycolic acid synthesis 
B)  streptomycin - inhibits protein synthesis 
C)  bacitracin - inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis 
D)  vancomycin - inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis 
E)  streptogramin - inhibits protein synthesis

Question 13

Which of the following methods of action would be bacteriostatic?

Accepted Answer

A)  competitive inhibition with folic acid synthesis 
B)  competitive inhibition with DNA gyrase 
C)  inhibition of protein synthesis 
D)  injury to plasma membrane 
E)  inhibition of cell wall synthesis 
A)  competitive inhibition with folic acid synthesis 
B)  competitive inhibition with DNA gyrase 
C)  inhibition of protein synthesis 
D)  injury to plasma membrane 
E)  inhibition of cell wall synthesis

Question 14

Which of the following antibiotics are used to treat fungal infections? 1. aminoglycosides
2) cephalosporins
3) griseofulvin
4) polyenes
5) bacitracin

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, and 3 
B)  3 and 4 
C)  3, 4, and 5 
D)  4 and 5 
E)  All of these antibiotics are used to treat fungal infections. 
A)  1, 2, and 3 
B)  3 and 4 
C)  3, 4, and 5 
D)  4 and 5 
E)  All of these antibiotics are used to treat fungal infections.

Question 15

Both trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole inhibit reactions along the same metabolic pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 20: Antimicrobial Drugs

Which one of the following does NOT belong with the others?

Which of the following is mismatched?

Phage therapy has been used in the past as an antiviral treatment.

Figure 20.2 -The antibiotic cycloheximide binds to the 60S subunit of the ribosome, as shown in Figure 20.2. The effect is to

Use of antibiotics in animal feed leads to antibiotic- resistant bacteria because

An antibiotic that attacks the LPS layer would be expected to have a narrow spectrum of activity.

Figure 20.4 -The structures of the influenza drug Tamiflu and sialic acid, the substrate for influenza virus's neuramidase, are shown in Figure 20.4. What is the method of action of Tamiflu?

Which of the following antibiotics causes misreading of mRNA?

Antimicrobial peptides work by

Niclosamide prevents ATP generation in mitochondria. You would expect this drug to be effective against

Which of the following would be selective against the tubercle bacillus?

Which of the following methods of action would be bacteriostatic?

Which of the following antibiotics are used to treat fungal infections? 1. aminoglycosides 2) cephalosporins 3) griseofulvin 4) polyenes 5) bacitracin

Both trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole inhibit reactions along the same metabolic pathway.

The Microbial World and You

Chemical Principles

Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Growth

The Control of Microbial Growth

Microbial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant Dna

Classification of Microorganisms

The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Principles of Disease and Epidemiology

Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity

Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host

Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host

Practical Applications of Immunology

Disorders Associated With the Immune System

Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System

Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System

Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems

Environmental Microbiology

Applied and Industrial Microbiology

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