Exam 10: Motivating Employees

After several years of higher education, Tom and Zoe Dash were awarded their Ph.D. degrees and found jobs at a university, where they plan to work in research labs. Tom's lab is very large with at least 15 research faculty like himself and 25 graduate students whose benches are all together on one side of the laboratory. Zoe's lab is similar in size, but graduate student benches are interspersed with faculty. From the very beginning, Tom was referred to as Dr. Dash by the graduate students. Zoe and the graduate students in her lab are on first-name basis. As a student of management, which of the following statements would you consider good advice to the managers (also known as the principal investigators) of these labs?

The need ________ would be classified as a social need.

Often we hear that teenagers have unmet social needs. According to Maslow, their desire to become socially accepted will consume them, at the expense of reaching for higher goals, such as developing to their fullest potential.

In Maslow's hierarchy, ________ needs refer to the desire to reach one's fullest potential.

Brett manages a sales force that sells laboratory supplies to companies and university science labs. He wants to implement a reward program for high performance. Any rep whose territory bills over $500,000 in sales will win a trip for two to a Caribbean island. Last year the high billing territory made $400,000 in sales. As his outside consultant on the rewards program project, you suggest that he ask around to make certain that this is something the reps would enjoy. Your other advice is

Which of the following statements would Elton Mayo have most likely made soon after concluding his Hawthorne studies?

Safety needs are placed at the lowest level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

According to Herzberg's views, which of the following strategies would be most likely to result in a higher level of worker motivation?

Theory Z calls for the creation of a sense of participation and cooperation within an organization.

A central characteristic of management by objectives is that

Explain how managers could motivate employees by using expectancy theory. Create a story/example of expectancy theory at work, incorporating the three questions that according to expectancy theory employees will ask.

William Ouchi's Theory Z embraced which of the following management ideals?

Generation X employees are likely to

Serenity accepted a position with Creative Concepts in Houston, Texas. Before her first day, she felt uneasy as she was new to the area and company. However, she was delighted to hear she had the opportunity to play on the company softball team. She quickly made new friends and, through her new friends, learned about her new city. Apparently, her new job satisfies Serenity's ________ needs.

William Ouchi called the management approach typically used by Japanese firms

Abraham Maslow believed that motivation arises from the desire to satisfy unmet needs.

While Cindy, a current psychology major, worked frantically at her part-time job at Ragtime Resale preparing for the regional manager's visit in a few days, her department manager, Lucinda, had an interesting word with her: "Don't worry Cindy, when I first started, I made $9.25 an hour too. It gets better!" Cindy shook her head as she reflected on how little Lucinda knew about what motivated her to seek perfection at this job. As she continued to neatly stack those pocket tees, she thought, "If the regional manager has the same attitude as Lucinda, I'm looking for another job." Cindy would prefer to work with a ________ manager.

According to Herzberg, the difference between motivators and hygiene factors is

Describe and compare the basic contributions of Maslow and Herzberg to the understanding of worker motivation.

The concept that a hierarchy of human needs could be used to explain motivation was developed by