Question 1

The hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system

Accepted Answer

A)  carries anterior pituitary hormones from the anterior pituitary gland to the hypothalamus to regulate the release of hypophysiotropic hormones 
B)  diverts blood directly to the pituitary, completely bypassing the hypothalamus 
C)  carries hypophysiotropic hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary to regulate anterior pituitary hormone secretion 
D)  carries the anterior pituitary hormones into the general systemic circulation 
E)  connects the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary 
A)  carries anterior pituitary hormones from the anterior pituitary gland to the hypothalamus to regulate the release of hypophysiotropic hormones 
B)  diverts blood directly to the pituitary, completely bypassing the hypothalamus 
C)  carries hypophysiotropic hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary to regulate anterior pituitary hormone secretion 
D)  carries the anterior pituitary hormones into the general systemic circulation 
E)  connects the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary

Question 2

Which of the following is least associated with the hydrophilic hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  cyclic AMP 
B)  protein kinase 
C)  adenylate cyclase 
D)  chromatin 
E)  phosphorylated enzymes 
A)  cyclic AMP 
B)  protein kinase 
C)  adenylate cyclase 
D)  chromatin 
E)  phosphorylated enzymes

Question 3

Which of the following represent long-loop negative feedback in the CRH-ACTH-cortisol system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cortisol inhibits CRH secretion. 
B)  CRH inhibits ACTH secretion. 
C)  ACTH inhibits CRH secretion. 
D)  ACTH inhibits cortisol secretion. 
E)  CRH inhibits cortisol secretion. 
A)  Cortisol inhibits CRH secretion. 
B)  CRH inhibits ACTH secretion. 
C)  ACTH inhibits CRH secretion. 
D)  ACTH inhibits cortisol secretion. 
E)  CRH inhibits cortisol secretion.

Question 4

Growth hormone exerts its effects on growth by

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating production of somatomedins 
B)  directly invoking gene activity 
C)  elevating blood glucose levels 
D)  increasing fat metabolism 
E)  increasing thyroid hormone levels 
A)  stimulating production of somatomedins 
B)  directly invoking gene activity 
C)  elevating blood glucose levels 
D)  increasing fat metabolism 
E)  increasing thyroid hormone levels

Question 5

Vasopressin is a vasoconstrictor substance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is not an effect of GH?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased fat breakdown 
B)  increased bone growth 
C)  decreased glucose entry into muscle cells 
D)  decreased protein synthesis 
E)  increased rate of cell division 
A)  increased fat breakdown 
B)  increased bone growth 
C)  decreased glucose entry into muscle cells 
D)  decreased protein synthesis 
E)  increased rate of cell division

Question 7

Which of the following are masculinizing hormones produced from the adrenal gland?

Accepted Answer

A)  growth hormone 
B)  androgens 
C)  thyroid hormone 
D)  cortisol 
E)  insulin 
A)  growth hormone 
B)  androgens 
C)  thyroid hormone 
D)  cortisol 
E)  insulin

Question 8

Hyposecretion of an endocrine gland may have a genetic basis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Each anterior pituitary hormone is controlled by a single hypophysiotropic hormone from the hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which is not a characteristic of oxytocin?

Accepted Answer

A)  It stimulates uterine contractions. 
B)  It promotes milk ejection from mammary gland ducts. 
C)  It influences bonding behavior between mother and baby. 
D)  It is a tropic hormone. 
E)  None of these. 
A)  It stimulates uterine contractions. 
B)  It promotes milk ejection from mammary gland ducts. 
C)  It influences bonding behavior between mother and baby. 
D)  It is a tropic hormone. 
E)  None of these.

Question 11

The hypothalamus synthesizes and regulates the release of hormones from the posterior pituitary.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Growth hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  directly stimulates bone growth 
B)  exerts its effects on bones via somatomedin release 
C)  promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate 
D)  directly stimulates bone growth and promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate 
E)  exerts its effects on bones via somatomedin release and promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate 
A)  directly stimulates bone growth 
B)  exerts its effects on bones via somatomedin release 
C)  promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate 
D)  directly stimulates bone growth and promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate 
E)  exerts its effects on bones via somatomedin release and promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate

Question 13

Plasma concentrations of a hormone are normally regulated by changes in secretion rate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Hypophysiotropic hormones are secreted into the systemic circulatory system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which statement is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peptides are synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system. 
B)  Peptides circulate largely bound to plasma proteins. 
C)  Peptides bind to surface receptors of their target cells. 
D)  Peptides exert their effect largely by means of second-messenger systems. 
E)  Peptides are released by exocytosis upon appropriate stimulation. 
A)  Peptides are synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system. 
B)  Peptides circulate largely bound to plasma proteins. 
C)  Peptides bind to surface receptors of their target cells. 
D)  Peptides exert their effect largely by means of second-messenger systems. 
E)  Peptides are released by exocytosis upon appropriate stimulation.

Question 16

Hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  are all of similar chemical composition 
B)  combine with specific receptors on the target cell's surface or inside the target cell 
C)  are secreted at a constant rate 
D)  all act by activating adenylate cyclase, which transforms ATP into cyclic AMP 
E)  all of these 
A)  are all of similar chemical composition 
B)  combine with specific receptors on the target cell's surface or inside the target cell 
C)  are secreted at a constant rate 
D)  all act by activating adenylate cyclase, which transforms ATP into cyclic AMP 
E)  all of these

Question 17

Tropic hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  are produced by the posterior pituitary 
B)  are secreted only by the hypothalamus 
C)  primarily regulate hormone secretion by certain other endocrine glands 
D)  all have non-tropic functions too 
E)  are the hormones that stimulate athletes to win trophies 
A)  are produced by the posterior pituitary 
B)  are secreted only by the hypothalamus 
C)  primarily regulate hormone secretion by certain other endocrine glands 
D)  all have non-tropic functions too 
E)  are the hormones that stimulate athletes to win trophies

Question 18

Too little activity of a particular hormone can arise from

Accepted Answer

A)  an abnormality within the endocrine gland that produces this hormone 
B)  a deficiency of this hormone's tropic hormone 
C)  an inborn lack of target-cell receptors for this hormone 
D)  deficient target-cell receptors 
E)  all of these 
A)  an abnormality within the endocrine gland that produces this hormone 
B)  a deficiency of this hormone's tropic hormone 
C)  an inborn lack of target-cell receptors for this hormone 
D)  deficient target-cell receptors 
E)  all of these

Question 19

Complete each of the following statments.
Steroid hormones are derived from ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
Steroid hormones...

Question 20

Complete each of the following statments.
The most common site for metabolism of hormones is the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
The most...

Exam 18: A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

The hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system

Which of the following is least associated with the hydrophilic hormones?

Which of the following represent long-loop negative feedback in the CRH-ACTH-cortisol system?

Growth hormone exerts its effects on growth by

Vasopressin is a vasoconstrictor substance.

Which of the following is not an effect of GH?

Which of the following are masculinizing hormones produced from the adrenal gland?

Hyposecretion of an endocrine gland may have a genetic basis.

Each anterior pituitary hormone is controlled by a single hypophysiotropic hormone from the hypothalamus.

Which is not a characteristic of oxytocin?

The hypothalamus synthesizes and regulates the release of hormones from the posterior pituitary.

Growth hormone

Plasma concentrations of a hormone are normally regulated by changes in secretion rate.

Hypophysiotropic hormones are secreted into the systemic circulatory system.

Which statement is incorrect?

Hormones

Tropic hormones

Too little activity of a particular hormone can arise from

Complete each of the following statments. Steroid hormones are derived from ____________________.

Complete each of the following statments. The most common site for metabolism of hormones is the ____________________.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

A--The Respiratory System

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

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