Question 1

Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each hypophysiotropic hormone influences only one anterior pituitary hormone. 
B)  All hypophysiotropic hormones stimulate the release of anterior pituitary hormones. 
C)  Hypophysiotropic hormones are also produced outside of the hypothalamus, where they serve different functions. 
D)  Hypophysiotropic hormones are secreted into the general circulation. 
E)  None of these. 
A)  Each hypophysiotropic hormone influences only one anterior pituitary hormone. 
B)  All hypophysiotropic hormones stimulate the release of anterior pituitary hormones. 
C)  Hypophysiotropic hormones are also produced outside of the hypothalamus, where they serve different functions. 
D)  Hypophysiotropic hormones are secreted into the general circulation. 
E)  None of these.

Question 2

Which one of the following hormones signals the kidneys to control water balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  vasopressin 
B)  ACTH 
C)  TRH 
D)  somatostatin 
E)  prolactin-inhibiting hormone 
A)  vasopressin 
B)  ACTH 
C)  TRH 
D)  somatostatin 
E)  prolactin-inhibiting hormone

Question 3

Chondrocytes are bone cells that are affected by the growth hormone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Diurnal rhythms

Accepted Answer

A)  are inherent cyclical peaks and ebbs of hormone secretion that are a function of time and are entrained to the 24-hour light-dark cycle 
B)  are important in maintaining hormone levels at a relatively constant set point no matter the time of day 
C)  occur only with cortisol secretion 
D)  are inherent cyclical peaks and ebbs of hormone secretion that are a function of time and are entrained to the 24-hour light-dark cycle and occur only with cortisol secretion 
E)  none of these 
A)  are inherent cyclical peaks and ebbs of hormone secretion that are a function of time and are entrained to the 24-hour light-dark cycle 
B)  are important in maintaining hormone levels at a relatively constant set point no matter the time of day 
C)  occur only with cortisol secretion 
D)  are inherent cyclical peaks and ebbs of hormone secretion that are a function of time and are entrained to the 24-hour light-dark cycle and occur only with cortisol secretion 
E)  none of these

Question 5

Which of the following factors does not increase growth hormone secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  deep sleep 
B)  exercise. 
C)  low blood amino acid level 
D)  stress 
E)  low blood glucose level 
A)  deep sleep 
B)  exercise. 
C)  low blood amino acid level 
D)  stress 
E)  low blood glucose level

Question 6

Complete each of the following statments.
TRH controls the release of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
TRH controls...

Question 7

Which class(es) of hormones is released by exocytosis upon appropriate stimulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  peptides 
B)  catecholamines 
C)  steroids 
D)  thyroid hormone 
E)  peptides and catecholamines 
A)  peptides 
B)  catecholamines 
C)  steroids 
D)  thyroid hormone 
E)  peptides and catecholamines

Question 8

Steroid hormones act through the second-messenger system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which statement is not correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Normally the effective plasma concentration of a hormone is regulated by appropriate adjustments in the rate of its secretion. 
B)  In order to maintain homeostasis, the rate of hormone secretion remains constant. 
C)  All hormones are regulated with negative feedback controls. 
D)  Neuroendocrine reflexes produce a sudden increase in hormone secretion in response to a specific, usually external, stimulus. 
E)  All hormones are regulated by other hormones. 
A)  Normally the effective plasma concentration of a hormone is regulated by appropriate adjustments in the rate of its secretion. 
B)  In order to maintain homeostasis, the rate of hormone secretion remains constant. 
C)  All hormones are regulated with negative feedback controls. 
D)  Neuroendocrine reflexes produce a sudden increase in hormone secretion in response to a specific, usually external, stimulus. 
E)  All hormones are regulated by other hormones.

Question 10

Complete each of the following statments.
The ____________________ hormones are derived from tyrosine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
The ____________________...

Question 11

Peptide hormone receptors are located inside the target cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ are hormones released into the blood by neurosecretory neurons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
____________________ are...

Question 13

Complete each of the following statments.
The ____________________ is the cylindrical shaft of a long bone.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
The ____________________...

Question 14

Which of the following is true about hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are released from exocrine glands. 
B)  They interact with receptors at target-cell sites. 
C)  They are synthesized in the lymph nodes. 
D)  They interact with receptors in the blood. 
E)  They are all similar chemically. 
A)  They are released from exocrine glands. 
B)  They interact with receptors at target-cell sites. 
C)  They are synthesized in the lymph nodes. 
D)  They interact with receptors in the blood. 
E)  They are all similar chemically.

Question 15

Osteoblasts

Accepted Answer

A)  secrete the organic matrix components of bone 
B)  become osteocytes once they become entrapped in the bone that they form 
C)  dissolve bone 
D)  form cartilage 
E)  secrete the organic matrix components of bone and become osteocytes once they become entrapped in the bone that they form 
A)  secrete the organic matrix components of bone 
B)  become osteocytes once they become entrapped in the bone that they form 
C)  dissolve bone 
D)  form cartilage 
E)  secrete the organic matrix components of bone and become osteocytes once they become entrapped in the bone that they form

Question 16

With regards to circadian rhythms

Accepted Answer

A)  The hypothalamus' supraoptic nucleus maintains them. 
B)  The suprachiasmatic nucleus is responsible for generating them. 
C)  They are brought about by fluctuating levels of clock proteins. 
D)  The hypothalamus' supraoptic nucleus maintains them, and the suprachiasmatic nucleus is responsible for generating them. 
E)  The hypothalamus' supraoptic nucleus maintains them, and they are brought about by fluctuating levels of clock proteins. 
A)  The hypothalamus' supraoptic nucleus maintains them. 
B)  The suprachiasmatic nucleus is responsible for generating them. 
C)  They are brought about by fluctuating levels of clock proteins. 
D)  The hypothalamus' supraoptic nucleus maintains them, and the suprachiasmatic nucleus is responsible for generating them. 
E)  The hypothalamus' supraoptic nucleus maintains them, and they are brought about by fluctuating levels of clock proteins.

Question 17

Which of the following is not controlled at least in part by hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis 
B)  organic metabolism 
C)  rapid interactions with the external environment 
D)  H2O and electrolyte balance 
E)  adaptation to stress 
A)  homeostasis 
B)  organic metabolism 
C)  rapid interactions with the external environment 
D)  H2O and electrolyte balance 
E)  adaptation to stress

Question 18

Complete each of the following statments.
Most endocrine control systems involve ____________________ and hormonal components.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
Most endocrine...

Question 19

All amine hormones are hydrophilic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Complete each of the following statments.
Melatonin is secreted from the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
Melatonin is...

Exam 18: A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

Which statement is correct?

Which one of the following hormones signals the kidneys to control water balance?

Chondrocytes are bone cells that are affected by the growth hormone.

Diurnal rhythms

Which of the following factors does not increase growth hormone secretion?

Complete each of the following statments. TRH controls the release of ____________________.

Which class(es) of hormones is released by exocytosis upon appropriate stimulation?

Steroid hormones act through the second-messenger system.

Which statement is not correct?

Complete each of the following statments. The ____________________ hormones are derived from tyrosine.

Peptide hormone receptors are located inside the target cell.

Complete each of the following statments. ____________________ are hormones released into the blood by neurosecretory neurons.

Complete each of the following statments. The ____________________ is the cylindrical shaft of a long bone.

Which of the following is true about hormones?

Osteoblasts

With regards to circadian rhythms

Which of the following is not controlled at least in part by hormones?

Complete each of the following statments. Most endocrine control systems involve ____________________ and hormonal components.

All amine hormones are hydrophilic.

Complete each of the following statments. Melatonin is secreted from the ____________________.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

A--The Respiratory System

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

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