Question 1

Stretch receptors in the atria are responsible for the secretion of

Accepted Answer

A) ADH. 
B) renin. 
C) aldosterone. 
D) atrial natriuretic hormone. 
E) angiotensin. 
A) ADH. 
B) renin. 
C) aldosterone. 
D) atrial natriuretic hormone. 
E) angiotensin.

Question 2

Increased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone results in

Accepted Answer

A) increased thirst. 
B) increased urine output. 
C) increased blood pressure. 
D) increased osmolality of the extracellular fluid. 
E) decreased urine output. 
A) increased thirst. 
B) increased urine output. 
C) increased blood pressure. 
D) increased osmolality of the extracellular fluid. 
E) decreased urine output.

Question 3

Which of the following is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules?

Accepted Answer

A) the glomerulus 
B) the loop of Henle 
C) the distal convoluted tubule 
D) the proximal convoluted tubule 
E) collecting duct 
A) the glomerulus 
B) the loop of Henle 
C) the distal convoluted tubule 
D) the proximal convoluted tubule 
E) collecting duct

Question 4

When the tubular maximum for a substance is exceeded,

Accepted Answer

A) more of the substance is reabsorbed. 
B) more of the substance is actively secreted. 
C) less of the substance is filtered in the renal corpuscle. 
D) the excess goes into the blood. 
E) the excess remains in the urine. 
A) more of the substance is reabsorbed. 
B) more of the substance is actively secreted. 
C) less of the substance is filtered in the renal corpuscle. 
D) the excess goes into the blood. 
E) the excess remains in the urine.

Question 5

Why is the external urinary sphincter under conscious control?

Accepted Answer

A) It is made of smooth muscle. 
B) It is part of the detrusor muscle. 
C) It is made of skeletal muscle. 
D) It is made of adventitia. 
A) It is made of smooth muscle. 
B) It is part of the detrusor muscle. 
C) It is made of skeletal muscle. 
D) It is made of adventitia.

Question 6

All of the following are major processes essential to urine production,except _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) micturition 
B) filtration 
C) tubular secretion 
D) tubular reabsorption 
A) micturition 
B) filtration 
C) tubular secretion 
D) tubular reabsorption

Question 7

Urine concentration and volume depend on water reabsorption in the

Accepted Answer

A) proximal convoluted tubule. 
B) descending loop of Henle. 
C) ascending loop of Henle. 
D) distal convoluted tubule only. 
E) distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts. 
A) proximal convoluted tubule. 
B) descending loop of Henle. 
C) ascending loop of Henle. 
D) distal convoluted tubule only. 
E) distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts.

Question 8

What is/are the main excretory organ/s of the body?

Accepted Answer

A) skin 
B) lungs 
C) intestines 
D) kidneys 
A) skin 
B) lungs 
C) intestines 
D) kidneys

Question 9

Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the

Accepted Answer

A) tip of the loop of Henle. 
B) end of the collecting duct. 
C) end of the distal convoluted tubule. 
D) end of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
E) beginning of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
A) tip of the loop of Henle. 
B) end of the collecting duct. 
C) end of the distal convoluted tubule. 
D) end of the proximal convoluted tubule. 
E) beginning of the proximal convoluted tubule.

Question 10

The filtration membrane prevents blood cells and proteins from entering the Bowman capsule on the basis of size and protein type.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

If extracellular fluid osmolality is 385 mOsm/kg,the kidneys will increase reabsorption of

Accepted Answer

A) urea. 
B) water. 
C) sodium. 
D) potassium. 
E) chloride. 
A) urea. 
B) water. 
C) sodium. 
D) potassium. 
E) chloride.

Question 12

Which of the following pressures tends to force fluid from the glomerulus through the filtration membrane into Bowman's capsule?

Accepted Answer

A) tubular pressure 
B) capsular pressure 
C) colloid osmotic pressure 
D) glomerular capillary pressure 
E) None of these choices is correct. 
A) tubular pressure 
B) capsular pressure 
C) colloid osmotic pressure 
D) glomerular capillary pressure 
E) None of these choices is correct.

Question 13

If the tubular maximum for a particular amino acid is 200 mg/100 ml and the concentration of that amino acid in the blood is 100 mg/100 ml,the amino acid

Accepted Answer

A) will be actively secreted into the filtrate. 
B) will be completely reabsorbed by the tubule cells. 
C) will appear in the urine. 
D) will not appear in the urine. 
E) None of these choices is correct. 
A) will be actively secreted into the filtrate. 
B) will be completely reabsorbed by the tubule cells. 
C) will appear in the urine. 
D) will not appear in the urine. 
E) None of these choices is correct.

Question 14

Urea and mannitol are examples of which of the following types of diuretics?

Accepted Answer

A) osmotic diuretics 
B) thiazide diuretics 
C) potassium-sparing diuretics 
D) carbonic anhydrase inhibitors 
E) ADH inhibitors 
A) osmotic diuretics 
B) thiazide diuretics 
C) potassium-sparing diuretics 
D) carbonic anhydrase inhibitors 
E) ADH inhibitors

Question 15

The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when

Accepted Answer

A) colloid osmotic pressure increases. 
B) ADH production increases. 
C) plasma osmolality decreases. 
D) aldosterone production decreases. 
E) ADH production decreases. 
A) colloid osmotic pressure increases. 
B) ADH production increases. 
C) plasma osmolality decreases. 
D) aldosterone production decreases. 
E) ADH production decreases.

Question 16

Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the renal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A) pyelonephritis 
B) acute glomerular nephritis 
C) chronic glomerular nephritis 
D) acute renal failure 
E) chronic renal failure 
A) pyelonephritis 
B) acute glomerular nephritis 
C) chronic glomerular nephritis 
D) acute renal failure 
E) chronic renal failure

Question 17

Most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate in the

Accepted Answer

A) proximal convoluted tubule. 
B) descending loop of Henle. 
C) ascending loop of Henle. 
D) distal convolute tubule. 
E) collecting duct. 
A) proximal convoluted tubule. 
B) descending loop of Henle. 
C) ascending loop of Henle. 
D) distal convolute tubule. 
E) collecting duct.

Question 18

The ureter expands into the substance of the kidney as the

Accepted Answer

A) hilum. 
B) renal pelvis. 
C) renal capsule. 
D) renal pyramid. 
E) renal corpuscle. 
A) hilum. 
B) renal pelvis. 
C) renal capsule. 
D) renal pyramid. 
E) renal corpuscle.

Question 19

A 15% increase in blood pressure would result in which of the following changes in ADH secretion?

Accepted Answer

A) increased secretion 
B) decreased secretion 
C) no change in secretion 
A) increased secretion 
B) decreased secretion 
C) no change in secretion

Question 20

The filtration membrane consists of the

Accepted Answer

A) capillary epithelium,podocytes,and macula densa. 
B) podocytes,basement membrane,and macula densa. 
C) basement membrane,capillary epithelium,and macula densa. 
D) parietal layer and visceral layer. 
E) podocytes,capillary endothelium,and basement membrane. 
A) capillary epithelium,podocytes,and macula densa. 
B) podocytes,basement membrane,and macula densa. 
C) basement membrane,capillary epithelium,and macula densa. 
D) parietal layer and visceral layer. 
E) podocytes,capillary endothelium,and basement membrane.

Exam 26: Urinary System

Stretch receptors in the atria are responsible for the secretion of

Increased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone results in

Which of the following is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules?

When the tubular maximum for a substance is exceeded,

Why is the external urinary sphincter under conscious control?

All of the following are major processes essential to urine production,except _______________.

Urine concentration and volume depend on water reabsorption in the

What is/are the main excretory organ/s of the body?

Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the

The filtration membrane prevents blood cells and proteins from entering the Bowman capsule on the basis of size and protein type.

If extracellular fluid osmolality is 385 mOsm/kg,the kidneys will increase reabsorption of

Which of the following pressures tends to force fluid from the glomerulus through the filtration membrane into Bowman's capsule?

If the tubular maximum for a particular amino acid is 200 mg/100 ml and the concentration of that amino acid in the blood is 100 mg/100 ml,the amino acid

Urea and mannitol are examples of which of the following types of diuretics?

The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when

Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the renal medulla?

Most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate in the

The ureter expands into the substance of the kidney as the

A 15% increase in blood pressure would result in which of the following changes in ADH secretion?

The filtration membrane consists of the

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