Question 1

The presence of water in our bodies allows us to

Accepted Answer

A) cool the body with sweat. 
B) maintain a fairly constant body temperature. 
C) provide an environment for chemical reactions. 
D) keep tissues moist and reduce friction. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) cool the body with sweat. 
B) maintain a fairly constant body temperature. 
C) provide an environment for chemical reactions. 
D) keep tissues moist and reduce friction. 
E) All of these choices are correct. E

Question 2

A substance that will increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed is called a/an

Accepted Answer

A) oxidator. 
B) reducing agent. 
C) catalyst. 
D) solute. 
A) oxidator. 
B) reducing agent. 
C) catalyst. 
D) solute. C

Question 3

An organic molecule such as a vitamin that makes an enzyme functional is called a/an

Accepted Answer

A) coenzyme. 
B) buffer. 
C) catalyst. 
D) coactivator. 
A) coenzyme. 
B) buffer. 
C) catalyst. 
D) coactivator. A

Question 4

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane.What does "E" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) phosphorus 
B) oxygen 
C) nitrogen 
D) polar (hydrophilic)region 
E) nonpolar (hydrophobic)region 
A) phosphorus 
B) oxygen 
C) nitrogen 
D) polar (hydrophilic)region 
E) nonpolar (hydrophobic)region

Question 5

Why is water involved in most metabolic reactions in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A) It has a high surface tension. 
B) It is a solute. 
C) Its bonds are nonpolar. 
D) It can dissolve many chemical compounds. 
E) It can absorb and release heat without changing temperature very much. 
A) It has a high surface tension. 
B) It is a solute. 
C) Its bonds are nonpolar. 
D) It can dissolve many chemical compounds. 
E) It can absorb and release heat without changing temperature very much.

Question 6

The amount of matter in an object is its

Accepted Answer

A) element. 
B) mass. 
C) ionic charge. 
D) atomic number. 
E) weight. 
A) element. 
B) mass. 
C) ionic charge. 
D) atomic number. 
E) weight.

Question 7

Which of the following nitrogen bases is found in RNA but not DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) cytosine 
B) adenine 
C) thymine 
D) uracil 
E) guanine 
A) cytosine 
B) adenine 
C) thymine 
D) uracil 
E) guanine

Question 8

Electrons

Accepted Answer

A) are the subatomic particles most involved in bonding behavior of atoms. 
B) have a positive charge of one. 
C) comprise the majority of the mass of an atom. 
D) do not participate in the bonding of atoms. 
E) are located in the nucleus of an atom. 
A) are the subatomic particles most involved in bonding behavior of atoms. 
B) have a positive charge of one. 
C) comprise the majority of the mass of an atom. 
D) do not participate in the bonding of atoms. 
E) are located in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 9

Lipids

Accepted Answer

A) function as enzymes. 
B) yield little energy per unit of weight. 
C) comprise the genetic material of cells. 
D) are all water soluble. 
E) can insulate and help prevent heat loss. 
A) function as enzymes. 
B) yield little energy per unit of weight. 
C) comprise the genetic material of cells. 
D) are all water soluble. 
E) can insulate and help prevent heat loss.

Question 10

When the hydrogen bonds that maintain a protein's three-dimensional shape are broken,the protein becomes nonfunctional,and is said to be

Accepted Answer

A) unsaturated. 
B) essential. 
C) saturated. 
D) denatured. 
E) structural. 
A) unsaturated. 
B) essential. 
C) saturated. 
D) denatured. 
E) structural.

Question 11

Isotopes of the same element have

Accepted Answer

A) no mass number. 
B) the same mass number. 
C) the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons. 
D) different numbers of protons and electrons. 
E) the same atomic number but differ in their mass numbers. 
A) no mass number. 
B) the same mass number. 
C) the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons. 
D) different numbers of protons and electrons. 
E) the same atomic number but differ in their mass numbers.

Question 12

Triglycerides are composed of

Accepted Answer

A) monosaccharides. 
B) amino acids. 
C) nucleotides. 
D) glycerol and fatty acids. 
E) None of these choices are correct. 
A) monosaccharides. 
B) amino acids. 
C) nucleotides. 
D) glycerol and fatty acids. 
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 13

An individual hydrogen bond in a sample of water would be described as:

Accepted Answer

A) strong and intramolecular. 
B) weak and intramolecular. 
C) weak and intermolecular. 
D) strong and intermolecular. 
A) strong and intramolecular. 
B) weak and intramolecular. 
C) weak and intermolecular. 
D) strong and intermolecular.

Question 14

The smallest particle of an element that still exhibits the chemical characteristics of that element is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) proton. 
B) atom. 
C) orbital. 
D) chemical bond. 
E) electron. 
A) proton. 
B) atom. 
C) orbital. 
D) chemical bond. 
E) electron.

Question 15

Fatty acid A has 10 double covalent bonds scattered throughout its carbon chain while fatty acid B has only single covalent bonds between the carbons in its chain.

Accepted Answer

A) Fatty acid A is saturated. 
B) Both fatty acids are saturated. 
C) Both fatty acids are unsaturated. 
D) Fatty acid B is saturated. 
E) Fatty acid B is unsaturated. 
A) Fatty acid A is saturated. 
B) Both fatty acids are saturated. 
C) Both fatty acids are unsaturated. 
D) Fatty acid B is saturated. 
E) Fatty acid B is unsaturated.

Question 16

An anion is

Accepted Answer

A) a molecule that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
B) a negatively charged ion. 
C) a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
D) an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
E) a positively charged ion. 
A) a molecule that conducts electricity when placed in solution. 
B) a negatively charged ion. 
C) a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds. 
D) an alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
E) a positively charged ion.

Question 17

Which of the following chemical reactions best represents the synthesis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP + H2O $\rightarrow$ ADP + Pi + energy 
B) ATP + energy $\rightarrow$ ADP + H2O 
C) ADP + Pi + energy $\rightarrow$ ATP + H2O 
D) ATP + ADP $\rightarrow$ ATP 
E) ADP + ADP + ADP $\rightarrow$ATP + energy 
A) ATP + H2O $\rightarrow$ ADP + Pi + energy 
B) ATP + energy $\rightarrow$ ADP + H2O 
C) ADP + Pi + energy $\rightarrow$ ATP + H2O 
D) ATP + ADP $\rightarrow$ ATP 
E) ADP + ADP + ADP $\rightarrow$ATP + energy

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A) They are catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction. 
B) One enzyme can have many reactions. 
C) The active site has a specific shape to match the reactant(s). 
D) A slight change in shape can effect function. 
E) They may need a cofactor to be functional. 
A) They are catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction. 
B) One enzyme can have many reactions. 
C) The active site has a specific shape to match the reactant(s). 
D) A slight change in shape can effect function. 
E) They may need a cofactor to be functional.

Question 19

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A) triglyceride--fat 
B) eicosanoid--prostaglandin 
C) ribose--RNA 
D) enzyme--protein 
E) cholesterol--nucleic acid 
A) triglyceride--fat 
B) eicosanoid--prostaglandin 
C) ribose--RNA 
D) enzyme--protein 
E) cholesterol--nucleic acid

Question 20

A group of water molecules are held together by

Accepted Answer

A) salt. 
B) double covalent bonds. 
C) polar covalent bonds. 
D) ionic bonds. 
E) hydrogen bonds. 
A) salt. 
B) double covalent bonds. 
C) polar covalent bonds. 
D) ionic bonds. 
E) hydrogen bonds.

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

The presence of water in our bodies allows us to

A substance that will increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being permanently changed is called a/an

An organic molecule such as a vitamin that makes an enzyme functional is called a/an

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane.What does "E" represent on the diagram?

Why is water involved in most metabolic reactions in the human body?

The amount of matter in an object is its

Which of the following nitrogen bases is found in RNA but not DNA?

Electrons

Lipids

When the hydrogen bonds that maintain a protein's three-dimensional shape are broken,the protein becomes nonfunctional,and is said to be

Isotopes of the same element have

Triglycerides are composed of

An individual hydrogen bond in a sample of water would be described as:

The smallest particle of an element that still exhibits the chemical characteristics of that element is a(n)

Fatty acid A has 10 double covalent bonds scattered throughout its carbon chain while fatty acid B has only single covalent bonds between the carbons in its chain.

An anion is

Which of the following chemical reactions best represents the synthesis of ATP?

Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

Which of the following is mismatched?

A group of water molecules are held together by

The Human Organism

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development,growth,aging,and Genetics

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