Question 1

-The figure illustrates the kidney and the adrenal gland. What does "C" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  kidney 
B)  ureter 
C)  abdominal aorta 
D)  adrenal gland 
E)  renal artery 
A)  kidney 
B)  ureter 
C)  abdominal aorta 
D)  adrenal gland 
E)  renal artery

Question 2

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes.
-adrenal cortex

Accepted Answer

A) glucagon 
B) progesterone 
C) cortisol 
D) T3 
E) prolactin 
A) glucagon 
B) progesterone 
C) cortisol 
D) T3 
E) prolactin

Question 3

Match the hormone with the best description.
-estrogen

Accepted Answer

A) aids in spermatogenesis 
B) inhibits FSH secretion 
C) menstrual cycle 
D) increases flexibility of connective tissue 
A) aids in spermatogenesis 
B) inhibits FSH secretion 
C) menstrual cycle 
D) increases flexibility of connective tissue

Question 4

Osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus are involved in the secretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  growth hormone. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  antidiuretic hormone. 
D)  adrenocorticotropic hormone. 
E)  parathyroid hormone. 
A)  growth hormone. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  antidiuretic hormone. 
D)  adrenocorticotropic hormone. 
E)  parathyroid hormone.

Question 5

Insulin is necessary for the satiety center to detect the presence of glucose in extracellular fluid. When insulin levels are low

Accepted Answer

A)  the person feels "full" or satisfied. 
B)  the person is intensely hungry. 
C)  the person is thirsty. 
D)  the person is sleepy. 
E)  there is no effect on hunger or satiety feelings. 
A)  the person feels "full" or satisfied. 
B)  the person is intensely hungry. 
C)  the person is thirsty. 
D)  the person is sleepy. 
E)  there is no effect on hunger or satiety feelings.

Question 6

-Label part "E" on the diagram.

Accepted Answer

A)  optic chiasm 
B)  anterior pituitary 
C)  infundibulum 
D)  hypothalamus 
E)  posterior pituitary 
A)  optic chiasm 
B)  anterior pituitary 
C)  infundibulum 
D)  hypothalamus 
E)  posterior pituitary

Question 7

If fluid intake increases dramatically over a short time frame,

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion increases. 
B)  ADH secretion decreases. 
C)  there is no effect on ADH secretion. 
D)  ADH secretion stops. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion increases. 
B)  ADH secretion decreases. 
C)  there is no effect on ADH secretion. 
D)  ADH secretion stops. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 8

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) regulates the release of

Accepted Answer

A)  prolactin and oxytocin. 
B)  follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. 
C)  estrogen and testosterone. 
D)  progesterone and prolactin. 
E)  thyrotropin-releasing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone. 
A)  prolactin and oxytocin. 
B)  follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. 
C)  estrogen and testosterone. 
D)  progesterone and prolactin. 
E)  thyrotropin-releasing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Question 9

-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: Grave's disease?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
-Based on these laboratory results, which...

Question 10

What condition could have the following symptoms: polyuria, acidosis, hyponatremia, and tetany of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

A)  hyposecretion of glucocorticoids 
B)  hypersecretion of mineralocorticoids 
C)  hyposecretion of androgens 
D)  hyposecretion of mineralocorticoids 
A)  hyposecretion of glucocorticoids 
B)  hypersecretion of mineralocorticoids 
C)  hyposecretion of androgens 
D)  hyposecretion of mineralocorticoids

Question 11

During exercise, the energy necessary to sustain skeletal muscle cell contraction comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  increased insulin production. 
B)  increased epinephrine and glucagon release. 
C)  decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. 
D)  storing glucose as glycogen. 
E)  conservation of glucose. 
A)  increased insulin production. 
B)  increased epinephrine and glucagon release. 
C)  decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. 
D)  storing glucose as glycogen. 
E)  conservation of glucose.

Question 12

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The effects of epinephrine are long-lasting (days to weeks). 
B)  Epinephrine increases blood pressure. 
C)  Epinephrine decreases heart rate. 
D)  Epinephrine increases GI tract activity. 
E)  Epinephrine is a chemical of the parasympathetic nervous system. 
A)  The effects of epinephrine are long-lasting (days to weeks). 
B)  Epinephrine increases blood pressure. 
C)  Epinephrine decreases heart rate. 
D)  Epinephrine increases GI tract activity. 
E)  Epinephrine is a chemical of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 13

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type.
-beta cells

Accepted Answer

A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T₃ 
A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T₃

Question 14

If both ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol levels increase, which of the following would occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  ACTH production is increased even more by positive feedback. 
B)  High cortisol levels will begin to cause ACTH levels to decline. 
C)  High ACTH levels will begin to cause cortisol levels to decline. 
D)  Aldosterone levels will increase. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  ACTH production is increased even more by positive feedback. 
B)  High cortisol levels will begin to cause ACTH levels to decline. 
C)  High ACTH levels will begin to cause cortisol levels to decline. 
D)  Aldosterone levels will increase. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 15

High blood glucose levels cause an increased secretion of

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin. 
B)  calcitonin. 
C)  erythropoietin. 
D)  glucagon. 
E)  growth hormone. 
A)  insulin. 
B)  calcitonin. 
C)  erythropoietin. 
D)  glucagon. 
E)  growth hormone.

Question 16

Match the pathological condition with its cause.
-cretinism

Accepted Answer

A) decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) lack of ADH 
A) decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) lack of ADH

Question 17

Urine volume ____ when ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion decreases.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  is not affected 
D)  declines 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  increases 
B)  decreases 
C)  is not affected 
D)  declines 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 18

A decrease in blood volume will result in

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased blood pressure. 
B)  increased ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion. 
C)  decreased urine volume. 
D)  All of the choices will occur. 
A)  decreased blood pressure. 
B)  increased ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion. 
C)  decreased urine volume. 
D)  All of the choices will occur.

Question 19

Read the two statements and use the following key to answer them.
-(1) amount of potassium excreted by the kidney if aldosterone secretion is high
(2) amount of potassium excreted by the kidney if aldosterone secretion is low

Accepted Answer

A) Mark this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Mark this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Mark this if the first is equal or nearly equal to the second item. 
A) Mark this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Mark this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Mark this if the first is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an effect of dropping blood glucose levels, 1-2 hours after a meal?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased sympathetic stimulation causes insulin secretion to decrease 
B)  decreasing blood nutrient levels cause increased growth hormone secretion 
C)  decreasing blood nutrient levels cause increased cortisol secretion 
D)  increasing parasympathetic stimulation causes increased glucagon secretion 
A)  increased sympathetic stimulation causes insulin secretion to decrease 
B)  decreasing blood nutrient levels cause increased growth hormone secretion 
C)  decreasing blood nutrient levels cause increased cortisol secretion 
D)  increasing parasympathetic stimulation causes increased glucagon secretion

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

-The figure illustrates the kidney and the adrenal gland. What does "C" represent?

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes. -adrenal cortex

Match the hormone with the best description. -estrogen

Osmoreceptor cells in the hypothalamus are involved in the secretion of

Insulin is necessary for the satiety center to detect the presence of glucose in extracellular fluid. When insulin levels are low

-Label part "E" on the diagram.

If fluid intake increases dramatically over a short time frame,

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) regulates the release of

-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: Grave's disease?

What condition could have the following symptoms: polyuria, acidosis, hyponatremia, and tetany of skeletal muscles?

During exercise, the energy necessary to sustain skeletal muscle cell contraction comes from

Which of the following is true?

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type. -beta cells

If both ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol levels increase, which of the following would occur?

High blood glucose levels cause an increased secretion of

Match the pathological condition with its cause. -cretinism

Urine volume ____ when ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion decreases.

A decrease in blood volume will result in

Read the two statements and use the following key to answer them. -(1) amount of potassium excreted by the kidney if aldosterone secretion is high (2) amount of potassium excreted by the kidney if aldosterone secretion is low

Which of the following is NOT an effect of dropping blood glucose levels, 1-2 hours after a meal?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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