Question 1

Which of the following hormones is synthesized by the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH (antidiuretic hormone) 
B)  MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) 
C)  TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) 
D)  ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) 
E)  T3 and T4 
A)  ADH (antidiuretic hormone) 
B)  MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) 
C)  TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) 
D)  ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) 
E)  T3 and T4

Question 2

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

Accepted Answer

A)  is produced by cells of the anterior pituitary. 
B)  is stored and released from the posterior pituitary. 
C)  has the uterus as its primary target. 
D)  travels on axons to its target tissue. 
E)  travels in the blood from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
A)  is produced by cells of the anterior pituitary. 
B)  is stored and released from the posterior pituitary. 
C)  has the uterus as its primary target. 
D)  travels on axons to its target tissue. 
E)  travels in the blood from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary.

Question 3

Which hormone is sometimes given to women to induce labor?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon 
B)  prolactin 
C)  progesterone 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  estrogen 
A)  glucagon 
B)  prolactin 
C)  progesterone 
D)  oxytocin 
E)  estrogen

Question 4

The two functional portions of the pituitary gland are the

Accepted Answer

A)  infundibulum and neurohypophysis. 
B)  pars nervosa and pars tuberalis. 
C)  neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis. 
D)  adenohypophysis and infundibulum. 
E)  infundibulum and hypothalamohypophysial portal system 
A)  infundibulum and neurohypophysis. 
B)  pars nervosa and pars tuberalis. 
C)  neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis. 
D)  adenohypophysis and infundibulum. 
E)  infundibulum and hypothalamohypophysial portal system

Question 5

The zona fasciculata of the adrenal glands secretes the hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  androstenedione. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  cortisol. 
D)  epinephrine. 
E)  ADH. 
A)  androstenedione. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  cortisol. 
D)  epinephrine. 
E)  ADH.

Question 6

-The figure illustrates the posterior view of the thyroid gland. What does "D" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  parathyroid glands 
B)  thyroid gland 
C)  pharynx 
D)  esophagus 
E)  trachea 
A)  parathyroid glands 
B)  thyroid gland 
C)  pharynx 
D)  esophagus 
E)  trachea

Question 7

Which of the following is involved in the regulation of thyroid hormone levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroglobulin in thyroid follicles 
B)  thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary 
C)  positive feedback mechanisms 
D)  parathyroid hormone levels 
E)  blood calcium levels 
A)  thyroglobulin in thyroid follicles 
B)  thyroid-stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary 
C)  positive feedback mechanisms 
D)  parathyroid hormone levels 
E)  blood calcium levels

Question 8

-The figure illustrates the posterior view of the thyroid gland. What does "C" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  parathyroid glands 
B)  thyroid gland 
C)  pharynx 
D)  esophagus 
E)  trachea 
A)  parathyroid glands 
B)  thyroid gland 
C)  pharynx 
D)  esophagus 
E)  trachea

Question 9

Match the hormone with the best description.
-progesterone

Accepted Answer

A) aids in spermatogenesis 
B) inhibits FSH secretion 
C) menstrual cycle 
D) increases flexibility of connective tissue 
A) aids in spermatogenesis 
B) inhibits FSH secretion 
C) menstrual cycle 
D) increases flexibility of connective tissue

Question 10

The hypothalamohypophysial tract connects the hypothalamus to the

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior pituitary. 
B)  posterior pituitary. 
C)  adenohypophysis. 
D)  infundibulum. 
A)  anterior pituitary. 
B)  posterior pituitary. 
C)  adenohypophysis. 
D)  infundibulum.

Question 11

Match the pathological condition with its cause.
-acromegaly

Accepted Answer

A) decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) lack of ADH 
A) decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) lack of ADH

Question 12

Glucagon primarily influences cells of the

Accepted Answer

A)  brain. 
B)  liver. 
C)  kidneys. 
D)  smooth muscle. 
E)  pancreas. 
A)  brain. 
B)  liver. 
C)  kidneys. 
D)  smooth muscle. 
E)  pancreas.

Question 13

If GH (growth hormone) secretion is deficient in a newborn, the child will

Accepted Answer

A)  develop acromegaly as an adult. 
B)  mature sexually at an earlier age. 
C)  be in constant danger of dehydration. 
D)  probably experience reduced bone growth. 
E)  probably experience increased bone growth. 
A)  develop acromegaly as an adult. 
B)  mature sexually at an earlier age. 
C)  be in constant danger of dehydration. 
D)  probably experience reduced bone growth. 
E)  probably experience increased bone growth.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a regulatory function of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulates water balance by controlling the solute concentration of the blood. 
B)  Regulates skeletal muscle contraction strength. 
C)  Regulates satiation and the breakdown of food into individual nutrients. 
D)  Regulates the rate of metabolism. 
E)  Regulates the levels of nutrients such as glucose in the blood. 
A)  Regulates water balance by controlling the solute concentration of the blood. 
B)  Regulates skeletal muscle contraction strength. 
C)  Regulates satiation and the breakdown of food into individual nutrients. 
D)  Regulates the rate of metabolism. 
E)  Regulates the levels of nutrients such as glucose in the blood.

Question 15

Which endocrine gland secretions do not appear to decrease as one ages?

Accepted Answer

A)  melatonin 
B)  growth hormone 
C)  thyroid hormones 
D)  parathyroid hormone 
A)  melatonin 
B)  growth hormone 
C)  thyroid hormones 
D)  parathyroid hormone

Question 16

Which of the following events occurs last?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzymes break down thyroglobulin to release T3 and T4. 
B)  T3 and T4 are stored within thyroid follicles. 
C)  Iodine is bound to tyrosine molecules of thyroglobulin. 
D)  Thyroglobulin is taken into thyroid cells by endocytosis. 
E)  Iodide is actively transported into thyroid follicle cells. 
A)  Enzymes break down thyroglobulin to release T3 and T4. 
B)  T3 and T4 are stored within thyroid follicles. 
C)  Iodine is bound to tyrosine molecules of thyroglobulin. 
D)  Thyroglobulin is taken into thyroid cells by endocytosis. 
E)  Iodide is actively transported into thyroid follicle cells.

Question 17

-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: goiter due to iodine deficiency?

Accepted Answer

The answer of  
-Based on these laboratory results, which...

Question 18

Which of the following hormones promotes the breakdown of fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  lipotropins 
B)  somatotropins 
C)  gonadotropins 
D)  thyrotropins 
E)  fatotropins 
A)  lipotropins 
B)  somatotropins 
C)  gonadotropins 
D)  thyrotropins 
E)  fatotropins

Question 19

Which gland is located in the sella turcica?

Accepted Answer

A)  thymus 
B)  adrenal 
C)  pineal 
D)  hypothalamus 
E)  pituitary (hypophysis) 
A)  thymus 
B)  adrenal 
C)  pineal 
D)  hypothalamus 
E)  pituitary (hypophysis)

Question 20

Which of these hormones is NOT secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  androgens 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  glucocorticoids 
A)  cortisol 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  androgens 
D)  aldosterone 
E)  glucocorticoids

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

Which of the following hormones is synthesized by the hypothalamus?

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

Which hormone is sometimes given to women to induce labor?

The two functional portions of the pituitary gland are the

The zona fasciculata of the adrenal glands secretes the hormone

-The figure illustrates the posterior view of the thyroid gland. What does "D" represent?

Which of the following is involved in the regulation of thyroid hormone levels?

-The figure illustrates the posterior view of the thyroid gland. What does "C" represent?

Match the hormone with the best description. -progesterone

The hypothalamohypophysial tract connects the hypothalamus to the

Match the pathological condition with its cause. -acromegaly

Glucagon primarily influences cells of the

If GH (growth hormone) secretion is deficient in a newborn, the child will

Which of the following is NOT a regulatory function of the endocrine system?

Which endocrine gland secretions do not appear to decrease as one ages?

Which of the following events occurs last?

-Based on these laboratory results, which patient is most likely to have the following pathological condition: goiter due to iodine deficiency?

Which of the following hormones promotes the breakdown of fatty acids?

Which gland is located in the sella turcica?

Which of these hormones is NOT secreted by the adrenal cortex?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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