Question 1

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type.
-follicular cells of thyroid

Accepted Answer

A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T₃ 
A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T₃

Question 2

Insulin shock occurs when there is

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to pancreatic beta cells. 
B)  too much glucagon available. 
C)  a rapid fall in the blood sugar level. 
D)  overstimulation of alpha cells. 
E)  not enough glucagon available. 
A)  damage to pancreatic beta cells. 
B)  too much glucagon available. 
C)  a rapid fall in the blood sugar level. 
D)  overstimulation of alpha cells. 
E)  not enough glucagon available.

Question 3

The primary stimulus for release of adrenal medullary hormones comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  the kidneys. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  the anterior pituitary. 
D)  the parasympathetic nervous system. 
E)  the sympathetic nervous system. 
A)  the kidneys. 
B)  aldosterone. 
C)  the anterior pituitary. 
D)  the parasympathetic nervous system. 
E)  the sympathetic nervous system.

Question 4

In gluconeogenesis

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose is used for energy. 
B)  glycogen is broken down to glucose. 
C)  glucose is formed from amino acids. 
D)  glycogen is synthesized from excess glucose. 
E)  glucose is formed from fatty acids. 
A)  glucose is used for energy. 
B)  glycogen is broken down to glucose. 
C)  glucose is formed from amino acids. 
D)  glycogen is synthesized from excess glucose. 
E)  glucose is formed from fatty acids.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an example of an autocrine chemical messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  prostacyclins 
B)  thromboxanes 
C)  leukotrienes 
D)  endorphins 
A)  prostacyclins 
B)  thromboxanes 
C)  leukotrienes 
D)  endorphins

Question 6

Anterior pituitary hormones

Accepted Answer

A)  are all proteins or glycoproteins. 
B)  are transported in the hypothalamohypophysial portal system. 
C)  bind to intracellular receptor molecules. 
D)  have a half-life of hours. 
E)  are released as a direct result of action potentials. 
A)  are all proteins or glycoproteins. 
B)  are transported in the hypothalamohypophysial portal system. 
C)  bind to intracellular receptor molecules. 
D)  have a half-life of hours. 
E)  are released as a direct result of action potentials.

Question 7

Which hormone is required for ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum?

Accepted Answer

A)  FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) 
B)  LH (luteinizing hormone) 
C)  TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) 
D)  prolactin 
E)  MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) 
A)  FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) 
B)  LH (luteinizing hormone) 
C)  TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) 
D)  prolactin 
E)  MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone)

Question 8

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Accepted Answer

A)  tends to inhibit osteoclasts. 
B)  decreases blood calcium levels. 
C)  allows the kidneys to retain calcium. 
D)  increases calcium excretion by the intestine. 
E)  stimulates kidneys to excrete calcium. 
A)  tends to inhibit osteoclasts. 
B)  decreases blood calcium levels. 
C)  allows the kidneys to retain calcium. 
D)  increases calcium excretion by the intestine. 
E)  stimulates kidneys to excrete calcium.

Question 9

In the blood,

Accepted Answer

A)  most T3 and T4 molecules are found bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). 
B)  T3 and T4 are rapidly metabolized. 
C)  T3 is converted into T4. 
D)  T3 but not T4 is bound to TSH. 
E)  most thyroid hormones are transported in a free form. 
A)  most T3 and T4 molecules are found bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). 
B)  T3 and T4 are rapidly metabolized. 
C)  T3 is converted into T4. 
D)  T3 but not T4 is bound to TSH. 
E)  most thyroid hormones are transported in a free form.

Question 10

Read the two statements and use the following key to answer them.
-(1) metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are under secreted
(2) metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are over secreted

Accepted Answer

A) Mark this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Mark this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Mark this if the first is equal or nearly equal to the second item. 
A) Mark this if the first item is greater than the second item. 
B) Mark this if the first item is less than the second item. 
C) Mark this if the first is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

Question 11

The embryonic origin of the anterior pituitary gland is

Accepted Answer

A)  epithelium from the oral cavity. 
B)  nervous tissue from the area of the hypothalamus. 
C)  an outpocket of the nasal cavity. 
D)  glandular tissue from the cerebrum. 
A)  epithelium from the oral cavity. 
B)  nervous tissue from the area of the hypothalamus. 
C)  an outpocket of the nasal cavity. 
D)  glandular tissue from the cerebrum.

Question 12

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type.
-neurosecretory cells

Accepted Answer

A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T₃ 
A) mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T₃

Question 13

The posterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

A)  has a direct connection with neurons of the hypothalamus. 
B)  is controlled by releasing hormones produced in the hypothalamus. 
C)  produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands. 
D)  stores lipotropins. 
E)  is not related to fluid balance in the body. 
A)  has a direct connection with neurons of the hypothalamus. 
B)  is controlled by releasing hormones produced in the hypothalamus. 
C)  produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands. 
D)  stores lipotropins. 
E)  is not related to fluid balance in the body.

Question 14

Glucagon is synthesized by the ________ cells of the pancreas.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glucagon is synthesized by the ________ cells...

Question 15

Arrange the following in the sequence in which releasing hormones travel through them. (1) secondary capillary network
(2) primary capillary network
(3) hypothalamohypophysial portal vessels

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  3, 2, 1 
C)  2, 3, 1 
D)  3, 1, 2 
E)  2, 1, 3 
A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  3, 2, 1 
C)  2, 3, 1 
D)  3, 1, 2 
E)  2, 1, 3

Question 16

Which pancreatic cells is correctly matched to its secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  beta cells - digestive enzymes 
B)  acini cells - somatostatin 
C)  alpha cells - glucagon 
D)  delta cells - insulin 
A)  beta cells - digestive enzymes 
B)  acini cells - somatostatin 
C)  alpha cells - glucagon 
D)  delta cells - insulin

Question 17

A tumor in the adrenal cortex causes excessively high levels of aldosterone. The high aldosterone levels cause

Accepted Answer

A)  hyponatremia. 
B)  acidosis. 
C)  hypokalemia. 
D)  hypocalcemia. 
E)  hyperkalemia. 
A)  hyponatremia. 
B)  acidosis. 
C)  hypokalemia. 
D)  hypocalcemia. 
E)  hyperkalemia.

Question 18

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is synthesized by the ____ while TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) is synthesized by the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  kidney; thyroid 
B)  posterior pituitary; thyroid 
C)  hypothalamus; anterior pituitary 
D)  kidney; anterior pituitary 
E)  posterior pituitary; hypothalamus 
A)  kidney; thyroid 
B)  posterior pituitary; thyroid 
C)  hypothalamus; anterior pituitary 
D)  kidney; anterior pituitary 
E)  posterior pituitary; hypothalamus

Question 19

The endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys are the

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid glands. 
B)  vestibular glands. 
C)  adrenal glands. 
D)  parathyroid glands. 
E)  renal glands. 
A)  thyroid glands. 
B)  vestibular glands. 
C)  adrenal glands. 
D)  parathyroid glands. 
E)  renal glands.

Question 20

The hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

A)  rests in the sella turcica. 
B)  is also called the neurohypophysis. 
C)  is located inferior to the pituitary gland. 
D)  regulates the secretory activity of the pituitary gland. 
E)  is located superior to the thalamus. 
A)  rests in the sella turcica. 
B)  is also called the neurohypophysis. 
C)  is located inferior to the pituitary gland. 
D)  regulates the secretory activity of the pituitary gland. 
E)  is located superior to the thalamus.

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type. -follicular cells of thyroid

Insulin shock occurs when there is

The primary stimulus for release of adrenal medullary hormones comes from

In gluconeogenesis

Which of the following is NOT an example of an autocrine chemical messenger?

Anterior pituitary hormones

Which hormone is required for ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum?

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

In the blood,

Read the two statements and use the following key to answer them. -(1) metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are under secreted (2) metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are over secreted

The embryonic origin of the anterior pituitary gland is

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type. -neurosecretory cells

The posterior pituitary

Glucagon is synthesized by the ________ cells of the pancreas.

Arrange the following in the sequence in which releasing hormones travel through them. (1) secondary capillary network (2) primary capillary network (3) hypothalamohypophysial portal vessels

Which pancreatic cells is correctly matched to its secretion?

A tumor in the adrenal cortex causes excessively high levels of aldosterone. The high aldosterone levels cause

ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is synthesized by the ____ while TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) is synthesized by the ____.

The endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys are the

The hypothalamus

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ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is synthesized by the while TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) is synthesized by the .