Question 1

Briefly describe the strengths and weaknesses of the humanistic approach to personality.

Accepted Answer

Humanistic theories are credited with hi

Question 2

Which personality theorist stated, "It's as if Freud supplied us the sick half of psychology and we must now fill it out with the healthy half?"

Accepted Answer

A)  Alfred Adler 
B)  Albert Bandura 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  Abraham Maslow 
A)  Alfred Adler 
B)  Albert Bandura 
C)  Carl Rogers 
D)  Abraham Maslow

Question 3

Modern personality research tends to focus on specific traits. Psychologists have moved away from attempting to develop "grand theories" of personality such as those of the psychodynamic and humanistic theorists. Why do you think this has occurred? Do you think the trend toward "mini-theories" that focus on specific personality traits is the best way to advance our understanding of personality?

Accepted Answer

A good approach to answering this questi

Question 4

Nettle (2006) believes which trait may be adaptive because it fueled competitiveness in our ancestors?

Accepted Answer

A)  openness to experience 
B)  conscientiousness 
C)  extraversion 
D)  neuroticism 
A)  openness to experience 
B)  conscientiousness 
C)  extraversion 
D)  neuroticism

Question 5

Cross-cultural research suggests that the Big Five personality traits

Accepted Answer

A)  only exist in Western cultures. 
B)  are unique to each culture. 
C)  are fairly consistent across cultures. 
D)  are fairly inconsistent across cultures. 
A)  only exist in Western cultures. 
B)  are unique to each culture. 
C)  are fairly consistent across cultures. 
D)  are fairly inconsistent across cultures.

Question 6

Stefan is from the Czech Republic. Based on research using the Big Five personality traits, you would predict Stefan will be high in:

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion 
B)  conscientiousness 
C)  agreeableness 
D)  openness to experience 
A)  extraversion 
B)  conscientiousness 
C)  agreeableness 
D)  openness to experience

Question 7

Research findings indicate that, in general, ____ is fairly consistent across cultures.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-monitoring 
B)  the use of defense mechanisms 
C)  conceptions of the self 
D)  the trait structure of personality 
A)  self-monitoring 
B)  the use of defense mechanisms 
C)  conceptions of the self 
D)  the trait structure of personality

Question 8

A commonly used projective test in which the subject is asked to examine inkblots and describe what they look like is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). 
B)  Rorschach Test. 
C)  The Sixteen Personality (16PF) Questionnaire. 
D)  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). 
A)  Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). 
B)  Rorschach Test. 
C)  The Sixteen Personality (16PF) Questionnaire. 
D)  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI).

Question 9

A summary of the text's discussion of personality MOST strongly reflects which unifying theme in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context 
B)  behavior is shaped by cultural heritage 
C)  heredity and environment jointly influence behavior 
D)  psychology is theoretically diverse 
A)  psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context 
B)  behavior is shaped by cultural heritage 
C)  heredity and environment jointly influence behavior 
D)  psychology is theoretically diverse

Question 10

Discuss how hindsight bias affects everyday analyses of personality, as well as some theoretical analyses of personality.

Accepted Answer

Hindsight bias often leads people to ass

Question 11

Which of the following tends to emphasize freedom and personal growth in its view of human behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  the psychoanalytic approach 
B)  the biological approach 
C)  the behavioral approach 
D)  the humanistic approach 
A)  the psychoanalytic approach 
B)  the biological approach 
C)  the behavioral approach 
D)  the humanistic approach

Question 12

Someone attributes his thoughts or feelings or conflicts to someone else. For example, although he chronically interrupts people, he thinks that other people interrupt him. What Freudian defense mechanism is illustrated?

Accepted Answer

A)  rationalization 
B)  reaction formation 
C)  regression 
D)  projection 
A)  rationalization 
B)  reaction formation 
C)  regression 
D)  projection

Question 13

One criticism of the biological perspective of personality is that the perspective

Accepted Answer

A)  is unrealistically optimistic about human nature. 
B)  is unrealistically pessimistic about human nature. 
C)  overgeneralizes from animal behavior to human behavior. 
D)  has no comprehensive theoretical framework. 
A)  is unrealistically optimistic about human nature. 
B)  is unrealistically pessimistic about human nature. 
C)  overgeneralizes from animal behavior to human behavior. 
D)  has no comprehensive theoretical framework.

Question 14

Assume that personality researchers have isolated a new trait they called "nescience." If these researchers report that identical twins reared together and identical twins reared apart show the same correspondence for this particular trait, it would indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  genetics has a larger influence than environment in the expression of nescience. 
B)  environment has a larger influence than genetics in the expression of nescience. 
C)  neither genetics nor environment influences the expression of nescience. 
D)  genetics and environment exert equivalent influences in the expression of nescience. 
A)  genetics has a larger influence than environment in the expression of nescience. 
B)  environment has a larger influence than genetics in the expression of nescience. 
C)  neither genetics nor environment influences the expression of nescience. 
D)  genetics and environment exert equivalent influences in the expression of nescience.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the major contributions associated with the humanistic theory of personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  the importance of a person's subjective views 
B)  focusing attention on what constitutes a healthy personality 
C)  making the self-concept an important construct in psychology 
D)  acknowledging the role that internal conflict plays in generating psychological distress 
A)  the importance of a person's subjective views 
B)  focusing attention on what constitutes a healthy personality 
C)  making the self-concept an important construct in psychology 
D)  acknowledging the role that internal conflict plays in generating psychological distress

Question 16

What need was Abraham Maslow expressing when he said that "what a man can be, he must be"?

Accepted Answer

A)  the need for superiority 
B)  the need for unconditional love 
C)  the need to self-actualize 
D)  the need to achieve 
A)  the need for superiority 
B)  the need for unconditional love 
C)  the need to self-actualize 
D)  the need to achieve

Question 17

Research in behavioral genetics has shown the family environment shared by children growing up together has ____ impact on personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  no 
B)  little 
C)  a moderately large 
D)  a large 
A)  no 
B)  little 
C)  a moderately large 
D)  a large

Question 18

Eysenck's theory of personality is based on all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  basic personality traits 
B)  differences in physiological functioning 
C)  differences in basic needs 
D)  differences in ease of conditioning 
A)  basic personality traits 
B)  differences in physiological functioning 
C)  differences in basic needs 
D)  differences in ease of conditioning

Question 19

Which of the following personality theorists, perspective pairings is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bandura - behavioral 
B)  Eysenck - biological 
C)  Adler - humanistic 
D)  Freud - psychodynamic 
A)  Bandura - behavioral 
B)  Eysenck - biological 
C)  Adler - humanistic 
D)  Freud - psychodynamic

Question 20

Personality traits are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  consistency and distinctiveness 
B)  charm and wit 
C)  change as a function of the situation 
D)  lack of individual differences 
A)  consistency and distinctiveness 
B)  charm and wit 
C)  change as a function of the situation 
D)  lack of individual differences

Exam 24: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Briefly describe the strengths and weaknesses of the humanistic approach to personality.

Which personality theorist stated, "It's as if Freud supplied us the sick half of psychology and we must now fill it out with the healthy half?"

Nettle (2006) believes which trait may be adaptive because it fueled competitiveness in our ancestors?

Cross-cultural research suggests that the Big Five personality traits

Stefan is from the Czech Republic. Based on research using the Big Five personality traits, you would predict Stefan will be high in:

Research findings indicate that, in general, ____ is fairly consistent across cultures.

A commonly used projective test in which the subject is asked to examine inkblots and describe what they look like is the

A summary of the text's discussion of personality MOST strongly reflects which unifying theme in psychology?

Discuss how hindsight bias affects everyday analyses of personality, as well as some theoretical analyses of personality.

Which of the following tends to emphasize freedom and personal growth in its view of human behavior?

Someone attributes his thoughts or feelings or conflicts to someone else. For example, although he chronically interrupts people, he thinks that other people interrupt him. What Freudian defense mechanism is illustrated?

One criticism of the biological perspective of personality is that the perspective

Assume that personality researchers have isolated a new trait they called "nescience." If these researchers report that identical twins reared together and identical twins reared apart show the same correspondence for this particular trait, it would indicate that

Which of the following is NOT one of the major contributions associated with the humanistic theory of personality?

What need was Abraham Maslow expressing when he said that "what a man can be, he must be"?

Research in behavioral genetics has shown the family environment shared by children growing up together has ____ impact on personality.

Eysenck's theory of personality is based on all of the following except

Which of the following personality theorists, perspective pairings is NOT correct?

Personality traits are characterized by:

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Social Behavior Part 2

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