Question 1

According to Rogers, what causes incongruence?

Accepted Answer

A)  an inherited sense of irony 
B)  conditional acceptance or affection 
C)  unconditional acceptance or affection 
D)  unconditioned stimuli 
A)  an inherited sense of irony 
B)  conditional acceptance or affection 
C)  unconditional acceptance or affection 
D)  unconditioned stimuli

Question 2

Being sociable, assertive, active, and lively is associated with the higher-order trait of ____ according to Eysenck.

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion 
B)  self-monitoring 
C)  sensation-seeking 
D)  intraception 
A)  extraversion 
B)  self-monitoring 
C)  sensation-seeking 
D)  intraception

Question 3

List and describe the three components into which Freud divided the personality, and indicate how these are distributed across three levels of awareness.

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic theories include all the d

Question 4

The evolutionary approach to personality suggests that ____ may have contributed to reproductive fitness.

Accepted Answer

A)  various personality traits 
B)  the ability to recognize various personality traits in others 
C)  both various personality traits and the ability to recognize the traits in others 
D)  neither various personality traits nor the ability to recognize the traits in others 
A)  various personality traits 
B)  the ability to recognize various personality traits in others 
C)  both various personality traits and the ability to recognize the traits in others 
D)  neither various personality traits nor the ability to recognize the traits in others

Question 5

One of the chief goals of terror management theory is to explain why people

Accepted Answer

A)  experience anxiety, alarm, and terror 
B)  need self-esteem 
C)  have an awareness of the inevitability of their death 
D)  have an instinctive drive for self-preservation 
A)  experience anxiety, alarm, and terror 
B)  need self-esteem 
C)  have an awareness of the inevitability of their death 
D)  have an instinctive drive for self-preservation

Question 6

Mary just completed a personality scale designed to measure the three higher-order traits identified by Hans Eysenck. She scored low in the personality trait of neuroticism. This suggests that Mary tends to be

Accepted Answer

A)  sensitive and caring. 
B)  anxious and moody. 
C)  warm and sociable. 
D)  relaxed and high in self-esteem. 
A)  sensitive and caring. 
B)  anxious and moody. 
C)  warm and sociable. 
D)  relaxed and high in self-esteem.

Question 7

Terror management theory proposes that self-esteem and faith in a cultural world view shield people from the anxiety associated with their mortality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Research on national character using the Big Fived personality traits found that

Accepted Answer

A)  people's beliefs about national character were fueled by subjective experience. 
B)  people's beliefs about national character were fueled by patterns of reinforcement. 
C)  people's beliefs about national character were inaccurate stereotypes. 
D)  people's beliefs about national character were highly accurate. 
A)  people's beliefs about national character were fueled by subjective experience. 
B)  people's beliefs about national character were fueled by patterns of reinforcement. 
C)  people's beliefs about national character were inaccurate stereotypes. 
D)  people's beliefs about national character were highly accurate.

Question 9

Jeannie's boss has been giving her a hard time at work and she often comes home and yells at her children. Jeannie's behavior is an example of the defense mechanism of projection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

According to terror management theory, how does self-esteem function?

Accepted Answer

A)  It gives members a sense of being part of a enduring legacy. 
B)  It provides people with a sense of tradition. 
C)  It functions as an anxiety buffer. 
D)  It creates mortality salience by encouraging humans to think about their own death. 
A)  It gives members a sense of being part of a enduring legacy. 
B)  It provides people with a sense of tradition. 
C)  It functions as an anxiety buffer. 
D)  It creates mortality salience by encouraging humans to think about their own death.

Question 11

Briefly describe the two types of personality tests and describe the four principal uses of personality tests.

Accepted Answer

Personality tests are generally divided

Question 12

____________________'s followers view personality as a collection of response tendencies that are shaped by learning and tied to specific stimulus situations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________'s followers view personality as a collection...

Question 13

According to Carl Rogers, when parents make their affection unconditional and show acceptance of their children's behavior, they are promoting

Accepted Answer

A)  the resolution of the Oedipal conflict. 
B)  congruence between their children's self concept and their actual experiences. 
C)  observational learning and identification. 
D)  incongruence between their children's self concept and their actual experiences. 
A)  the resolution of the Oedipal conflict. 
B)  congruence between their children's self concept and their actual experiences. 
C)  observational learning and identification. 
D)  incongruence between their children's self concept and their actual experiences.

Question 14

Colton is completing a long personality inventory, and he doesn't really want to take the time to read each of the questions in detail. Instead, he simply disagrees with all the statements. Colton's method of completing the personality inventory shows

Accepted Answer

A)  a social desirability bias. 
B)  the use of deliberate deception. 
C)  a negative response set. 
D)  a self-monitoring bias. 
A)  a social desirability bias. 
B)  the use of deliberate deception. 
C)  a negative response set. 
D)  a self-monitoring bias.

Question 15

Herb had the desire and potential to be a violinist but became, instead, a trader in hog futures. He decided never to touch the violin again. What is wrong with Herb, according to Maslow?

Accepted Answer

A)  He suffers from incongruence. 
B)  He suffers from castration anxiety. 
C)  He has not achieved self-actualization. 
D)  He has an inferiority complex. 
A)  He suffers from incongruence. 
B)  He suffers from castration anxiety. 
C)  He has not achieved self-actualization. 
D)  He has an inferiority complex.

Question 16

According to Mischel, what is the major factor that predicts human behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  childhood experience 
B)  specifics of the situation 
C)  extraversion and introversion 
D)  central and peripheral traits 
A)  childhood experience 
B)  specifics of the situation 
C)  extraversion and introversion 
D)  central and peripheral traits

Question 17

Shayna has a job that pays well, and she has three children who are now all in adolescence. For the past few months she finds herself increasingly restless, and she is thinking about enrolling in university and taking some classes in art, which has always interested her. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Shayna is probably primarily motivated by

Accepted Answer

A)  esteem needs. 
B)  belongingness and love needs. 
C)  growth needs. 
D)  homeostatic drives. 
A)  esteem needs. 
B)  belongingness and love needs. 
C)  growth needs. 
D)  homeostatic drives.

Question 18

A systematic tendency to respond to questions on a personality inventory in a way that is unrelated to the content of the questions is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  perceptual set. 
B)  social desirability bias. 
C)  response set. 
D)  mental set. 
A)  perceptual set. 
B)  social desirability bias. 
C)  response set. 
D)  mental set.

Question 19

The Thematic Apperception Test is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  inkblots. 
B)  forced-choice items. 
C)  ambiguous pictures. 
D)  true-false items. 
A)  inkblots. 
B)  forced-choice items. 
C)  ambiguous pictures. 
D)  true-false items.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a self-actualizing person?

Accepted Answer

A)  being realistic 
B)  being open and spontaneous 
C)  enjoying peak experiences 
D)  having a strong need to affiliate with many people 
A)  being realistic 
B)  being open and spontaneous 
C)  enjoying peak experiences 
D)  having a strong need to affiliate with many people

Exam 24: Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

According to Rogers, what causes incongruence?

Being sociable, assertive, active, and lively is associated with the higher-order trait of ____ according to Eysenck.

List and describe the three components into which Freud divided the personality, and indicate how these are distributed across three levels of awareness.

The evolutionary approach to personality suggests that ____ may have contributed to reproductive fitness.

One of the chief goals of terror management theory is to explain why people

Mary just completed a personality scale designed to measure the three higher-order traits identified by Hans Eysenck. She scored low in the personality trait of neuroticism. This suggests that Mary tends to be

Terror management theory proposes that self-esteem and faith in a cultural world view shield people from the anxiety associated with their mortality.

Research on national character using the Big Fived personality traits found that

Jeannie's boss has been giving her a hard time at work and she often comes home and yells at her children. Jeannie's behavior is an example of the defense mechanism of projection.

According to terror management theory, how does self-esteem function?

Briefly describe the two types of personality tests and describe the four principal uses of personality tests.

____________________'s followers view personality as a collection of response tendencies that are shaped by learning and tied to specific stimulus situations.

According to Carl Rogers, when parents make their affection unconditional and show acceptance of their children's behavior, they are promoting

Colton is completing a long personality inventory, and he doesn't really want to take the time to read each of the questions in detail. Instead, he simply disagrees with all the statements. Colton's method of completing the personality inventory shows

Herb had the desire and potential to be a violinist but became, instead, a trader in hog futures. He decided never to touch the violin again. What is wrong with Herb, according to Maslow?

According to Mischel, what is the major factor that predicts human behavior?

A systematic tendency to respond to questions on a personality inventory in a way that is unrelated to the content of the questions is called a

The Thematic Apperception Test is composed of

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a self-actualizing person?

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Social Behavior Part 2

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