Question 1

People tend to see the diversity in the member of the ____ but overestimate the homogeneity of the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ingroup; outgroup 
B)  outgroup; ingroup 
C)  majority; minority 
D)  minority; majority 
A)  ingroup; outgroup 
B)  outgroup; ingroup 
C)  majority; minority 
D)  minority; majority

Question 2

Unjustly blaming victims of misfortune for their misfortune defines

Accepted Answer

A)  an ingroup/outgroup effect. 
B)  a stereotypic response. 
C)  a risky shift. 
D)  a defensive attribution. 
A)  an ingroup/outgroup effect. 
B)  a stereotypic response. 
C)  a risky shift. 
D)  a defensive attribution.

Question 3

At night, people are more likely to provide help when they are in small groups then when alone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Describe how various aspects of physical appearance may influence our impressions of others.

Accepted Answer

Perceptions of others can be influenced

Question 5

Which of the following is MOST likely to be a factor that contributes to group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A)  social loafing 
B)  obedience 
C)  conformity 
D)  the bystander effect 
A)  social loafing 
B)  obedience 
C)  conformity 
D)  the bystander effect

Question 6

In Asch's studies, what was the relationship between group size and conformity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conformity did not change with group size. 
B)  Conformity increased steadily as group size went from two to four, and then leveled off. 
C)  Conformity increased as group size went from two to four, and then decreased. 
D)  Conformity increased steadily as group size was increased up to fifteen. 
A)  Conformity did not change with group size. 
B)  Conformity increased steadily as group size went from two to four, and then leveled off. 
C)  Conformity increased as group size went from two to four, and then decreased. 
D)  Conformity increased steadily as group size was increased up to fifteen.

Question 7

The risky shift phenomenon is most closely associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  group polarization 
B)  group cohesiveness 
C)  groupthink 
D)  group conformity 
A)  group polarization 
B)  group cohesiveness 
C)  groupthink 
D)  group conformity

Question 8

According to Janis, what is the major cause of groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  strong group cohesion 
B)  diffusion of responsibility 
C)  the tendency of group members to grandstand 
D)  group conflict 
A)  strong group cohesion 
B)  diffusion of responsibility 
C)  the tendency of group members to grandstand 
D)  group conflict

Question 9

Denying a person equal social treatment based on his or her group membership defines

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination. 
B)  social scaling. 
C)  prejudice. 
D)  chauvinism. 
A)  discrimination. 
B)  social scaling. 
C)  prejudice. 
D)  chauvinism.

Question 10

Cognitive structures that guide our perceptions of people and events are termed

Accepted Answer

A)  attributions 
B)  stigmata 
C)  schemas 
D)  denkmals 
A)  attributions 
B)  stigmata 
C)  schemas 
D)  denkmals

Question 11

Which of the following could be an example of the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ralph described himself as a failure. 
B)  Ralph thought that the reason he failed was that he was sick that day. 
C)  Jayne said Ralph failed because the test was unfair. 
D)  Sue explained Ralph's failure in terms of his incompetence and laziness. 
A)  Ralph described himself as a failure. 
B)  Ralph thought that the reason he failed was that he was sick that day. 
C)  Jayne said Ralph failed because the test was unfair. 
D)  Sue explained Ralph's failure in terms of his incompetence and laziness.

Question 12

Which of the following is the best statement of conclusion concerning Milgram's classic study involving the learner, teacher, and ostensible shock?

Accepted Answer

A)  Under certain circumstances, people seem to enjoy the opportunity to be cruel to others. 
B)  People have a strong tendency to obey an authority even if their actions may harm others. 
C)  The more people there are who observe someone in need of help, the less likely any one is to help. 
D)  Aggression seems to be a more potent force in human nature than had previously been suspected. 
A)  Under certain circumstances, people seem to enjoy the opportunity to be cruel to others. 
B)  People have a strong tendency to obey an authority even if their actions may harm others. 
C)  The more people there are who observe someone in need of help, the less likely any one is to help. 
D)  Aggression seems to be a more potent force in human nature than had previously been suspected.

Question 13

Bruce performed very well on the examination, which he attributed to native ability and hard work. Which attributional bias does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  the fundamental attribution error 
B)  the actor-observer bias 
C)  the self-serving bias 
D)  illusory correlation 
A)  the fundamental attribution error 
B)  the actor-observer bias 
C)  the self-serving bias 
D)  illusory correlation

Question 14

The primary explanation(s) suggested to explain the behavior of the prison guards and prisoners in the Stanford Prison Simulation was

Accepted Answer

A)  obedience. 
B)  conformity and situational factors. 
C)  group polarization. 
D)  social roles and situational factors. 
A)  obedience. 
B)  conformity and situational factors. 
C)  group polarization. 
D)  social roles and situational factors.

Question 15

When people observe the behavior of an individual who is a member of a group that is a "target of prejudice" consistent with the ____ people often make an ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamental attribution error; external attribution 
B)  fundamental attribution error; internal attribution 
C)  self-serving bias; external attribution 
D)  self-serving bias; internal attribution 
A)  fundamental attribution error; external attribution 
B)  fundamental attribution error; internal attribution 
C)  self-serving bias; external attribution 
D)  self-serving bias; internal attribution

Question 16

Physically attractive individuals are seen as more competent, and tend to secure better jobs and earn higher salaries then less attractive individuals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following statements regarding the influence of culture on conformity and obedience is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conformity and obedience appear to be unique to American culture. 
B)  Replications of Milgram's study in other countries have generally resulted in low levels of obedience. 
C)  Collectivistic cultures tend to encourage more conformity than individualistic cultures. 
D)  Studies of conformity and obedience have yielded virtually identical results across a variety of cultures. 
A)  Conformity and obedience appear to be unique to American culture. 
B)  Replications of Milgram's study in other countries have generally resulted in low levels of obedience. 
C)  Collectivistic cultures tend to encourage more conformity than individualistic cultures. 
D)  Studies of conformity and obedience have yielded virtually identical results across a variety of cultures.

Question 18

Kara has noticed that every time she eats out on her own she chooses a pizza place over fast food places that serve burgers and fries. Consequently, Kara decides she must really prefer pizzas to burgers and fries. In this example, Kara has formed her attitude in the manner suggested by

Accepted Answer

A)  self-perception theory. 
B)  cognitive dissonance theory. 
C)  observational learning theory. 
D)  the fundamental attribution error. 
A)  self-perception theory. 
B)  cognitive dissonance theory. 
C)  observational learning theory. 
D)  the fundamental attribution error.

Question 19

Evolutionary psychologists argue that many of the biases seen in social perception are counterproductive in the natural selection of social behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The inferences that people draw about the causes of events, others' behavior, and their own behavior are called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The inferences that people draw about the...

Exam 32: Social Behavior Part 2

People tend to see the diversity in the member of the ____ but overestimate the homogeneity of the ____.

Unjustly blaming victims of misfortune for their misfortune defines

At night, people are more likely to provide help when they are in small groups then when alone.

Describe how various aspects of physical appearance may influence our impressions of others.

Which of the following is MOST likely to be a factor that contributes to group polarization?

In Asch's studies, what was the relationship between group size and conformity?

The risky shift phenomenon is most closely associated with

According to Janis, what is the major cause of groupthink?

Denying a person equal social treatment based on his or her group membership defines

Cognitive structures that guide our perceptions of people and events are termed

Which of the following could be an example of the fundamental attribution error?

Which of the following is the best statement of conclusion concerning Milgram's classic study involving the learner, teacher, and ostensible shock?

Bruce performed very well on the examination, which he attributed to native ability and hard work. Which attributional bias does this illustrate?

The primary explanation(s) suggested to explain the behavior of the prison guards and prisoners in the Stanford Prison Simulation was

When people observe the behavior of an individual who is a member of a group that is a "target of prejudice" consistent with the ____ people often make an ____.

Physically attractive individuals are seen as more competent, and tend to secure better jobs and earn higher salaries then less attractive individuals.

Which of the following statements regarding the influence of culture on conformity and obedience is MOST accurate?

Kara has noticed that every time she eats out on her own she chooses a pizza place over fast food places that serve burgers and fries. Consequently, Kara decides she must really prefer pizzas to burgers and fries. In this example, Kara has formed her attitude in the manner suggested by

Evolutionary psychologists argue that many of the biases seen in social perception are counterproductive in the natural selection of social behavior.

The inferences that people draw about the causes of events, others' behavior, and their own behavior are called ____________________.

The Evolution of Psychology Part 1

The Evolution of Psychology Part 2

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 1

The Research Enterprise in Psychology Part 2

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1

The Biological Bases of Behavior Part 2

Sensation and Perception Part 1

Sensation and Perception Part 2

Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Variations in Consciousness Part 2

Learning Part 1

Learning Part 2

Human Memory Part 1

Human Memory Part 2

Language and Thought Part 1

Language and Thought Part 2

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 1

Intelligence and Psychological Testing Part 2

Motivation and Emotion Part 1

Motivation and Emotion Part 2

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 1

Human Development Across the Life Span Part 2

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 1

Personality: Theory, Research, and Assessment Part 2

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 1

Stress, Coping, and Health Part 2

Psychological Disorders Part 1

Psychological Disorders Part 2

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 1

Treatment of Psychological Disorders Part 2

Social Behavior Part 1

Careers in Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

Statistical Methods

Filters

People tend to see the diversity in the member of the but overestimate the homogeneity of the .

When people observe the behavior of an individual who is a member of a group that is a "target of prejudice" consistent with the people often make an .