Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic of quality teams?

Accepted Answer

A)  They provide advice to managers who still retain decision-making authority. 
B)  They operate in parallel fashion to an organization's structure. 
C)  They emphasize the generation of ideas. 
D)  They make data-based decisions about improving products. 
A)  They provide advice to managers who still retain decision-making authority. 
B)  They operate in parallel fashion to an organization's structure. 
C)  They emphasize the generation of ideas. 
D)  They make data-based decisions about improving products. D

Question 2

Which of the following types of activities or decisions is the right side of the brain best used for?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flowcharting work processes 
B)  Developing strategic plans 
C)  Planning day-to-day operations 
D)  Making tax preparations 
A)  Flowcharting work processes 
B)  Developing strategic plans 
C)  Planning day-to-day operations 
D)  Making tax preparations B

Question 3

Match the following:
-Heuristics

Accepted Answer

A) Shortcuts in decision making that save mental activity 
B) An inclination to choose options displaying minimal risk 
C) A decisional situation where options have probabilities of success 
D) An individual's preferred method for gathering information and evaluating alternative 
E) The tendency to continue to support a failing course of action 
A) Shortcuts in decision making that save mental activity 
B) An inclination to choose options displaying minimal risk 
C) A decisional situation where options have probabilities of success 
D) An individual's preferred method for gathering information and evaluating alternative 
E) The tendency to continue to support a failing course of action A

Question 4

Participative decision making tends to be associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  interpersonal rivalry within a group. 
B)  less creativity among employees. 
C)  rapid decision making. 
D)  higher levels of employee job satisfaction. 
A)  interpersonal rivalry within a group. 
B)  less creativity among employees. 
C)  rapid decision making. 
D)  higher levels of employee job satisfaction.

Question 5

Continuing to support a failing course of action is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  the theory of sunk costs. 
B)  the Z problem solving model. 
C)  conflicted reason theory. 
D)  escalation of commitment. 
A)  the theory of sunk costs. 
B)  the Z problem solving model. 
C)  conflicted reason theory. 
D)  escalation of commitment.

Question 6

Women and experienced managers tend to be more averse to risk taking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

An organization should practice or provide all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  close supervision 
B)  participative decision making 
C)  peer support d. flexible organizational structure
If it wants to encourage employee 
A)  close supervision 
B)  participative decision making 
C)  peer support d. flexible organizational structure
If it wants to encourage employee

Question 8

Match the following:
-Group polarization

Accepted Answer

A) A positive force that occurs in groups when group members are stimulated to produce new solutions to problems through the process of mutual influence and encouragement within the group 
B) A deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment resulting from pressures within the group 
C) The tendency for group discussion to produce shifts toward more extreme attitudes among members 
D) A debate between two opposing sets of recommendations 
E) An open, nonevaluative group problem-solving technique that produces the greatest number of options 
A) A positive force that occurs in groups when group members are stimulated to produce new solutions to problems through the process of mutual influence and encouragement within the group 
B) A deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment resulting from pressures within the group 
C) The tendency for group discussion to produce shifts toward more extreme attitudes among members 
D) A debate between two opposing sets of recommendations 
E) An open, nonevaluative group problem-solving technique that produces the greatest number of options

Question 9

Intuition would be a major part of the input for a manager making which kind of decision?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decisions on work schedules 
B)  Routine decision 
C)  A decision with an established decision rule 
D)  Nonprogrammed decision 
A)  Decisions on work schedules 
B)  Routine decision 
C)  A decision with an established decision rule 
D)  Nonprogrammed decision

Question 10

The rational model of decision making assumes:

Accepted Answer

A)  preferences of the decision maker are inconsistent. 
B)  that all possible alternatives can't be known to decision makers. 
C)  that outcomes can't be optimized. 
D)  that the decision maker can calculate the probability of success for alternatives. 
A)  preferences of the decision maker are inconsistent. 
B)  that all possible alternatives can't be known to decision makers. 
C)  that outcomes can't be optimized. 
D)  that the decision maker can calculate the probability of success for alternatives.

Question 11

A group decision technique that facilitates expert input by using a panel of experts is .

Accepted Answer

A)  the nominal group technique 
B)  dialectical inquiry 
C)  brainstorming 
D)  the Delphi technique 
A)  the nominal group technique 
B)  dialectical inquiry 
C)  brainstorming 
D)  the Delphi technique

Question 12

In the rational model, the decision maker strives to:

Accepted Answer

A)  satisfice. 
B)  optimize. 
C)  select the alternative agreeable to the majority. 
D)  apply a heuristic. 
A)  satisfice. 
B)  optimize. 
C)  select the alternative agreeable to the majority. 
D)  apply a heuristic.

Question 13

Expected creativity is discovering problems because the organization expects you to do so.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is an effective way of managing decisions in order to avoid escalation of commitment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Don't split the responsibility for decisions about projects. 
B)  Punish people who admit to poor decisions. 
C)  Don't allow graceful exits from poor decisions. 
D)  Have groups rather than individuals make initial investment decisions. 
A)  Don't split the responsibility for decisions about projects. 
B)  Punish people who admit to poor decisions. 
C)  Don't allow graceful exits from poor decisions. 
D)  Have groups rather than individuals make initial investment decisions.

Question 15

Heuristics are shortcuts in decision making that save mental activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Match the following:
-Nonprogrammed decision

Accepted Answer

A) A simple, routine matter for which a manager has an established decision rule 
B) Logical, systematic problem solving 
C) A solution that is timely and acceptable 
D) A new, complex decision that requires a creative solution 
E) To select the first alternative that is "good enough," because the costs in time and effort are too great to
optimize 
A) A simple, routine matter for which a manager has an established decision rule 
B) Logical, systematic problem solving 
C) A solution that is timely and acceptable 
D) A new, complex decision that requires a creative solution 
E) To select the first alternative that is "good enough," because the costs in time and effort are too great to
optimize

Question 17

High cohesiveness, directive leadership, and high stress are antecedent conditions for:

Accepted Answer

A)  a low quality group decision. 
B)  group polarization. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  satisficing. 
A)  a low quality group decision. 
B)  group polarization. 
C)  groupthink. 
D)  satisficing.

Question 18

Match the following:
-Cognitive Style

Accepted Answer

A) A person's preferred method for gathering information and evaluating alternatives 
B) A mental lock that diminishes creativity 
C) A fast, positive force in decision making that is utilized at a level below consciousness and involves learned patterns of information 
D) A process influenced by individual and organizational factors that results in the production of novel and useful ideas, products, or both 
E) A type of creativity where a person discovers problems because he or she wants to be creative 
A) A person's preferred method for gathering information and evaluating alternatives 
B) A mental lock that diminishes creativity 
C) A fast, positive force in decision making that is utilized at a level below consciousness and involves learned patterns of information 
D) A process influenced by individual and organizational factors that results in the production of novel and useful ideas, products, or both 
E) A type of creativity where a person discovers problems because he or she wants to be creative

Question 19

A deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment resulting from in-group pressures defines _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  group polarization 
B)  groupthink 
C)  the risky shift 
D)  the recency effect 
A)  group polarization 
B)  groupthink 
C)  the risky shift 
D)  the recency effect

Question 20

Recent research investigating the characteristics that make an individual more likely to de-escalate from a course of action concluded that:

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals with a strong dislike for inconsistency are more likely to de-escalate. 
B)  individuals whose past decisions failed are more likely to de-escalate. 
C)  individuals with an external locus of control are more likely to de-escalate. 
D)  individuals with high self-esteem are more likely to de-escalate. 
A)  individuals with a strong dislike for inconsistency are more likely to de-escalate. 
B)  individuals whose past decisions failed are more likely to de-escalate. 
C)  individuals with an external locus of control are more likely to de-escalate. 
D)  individuals with high self-esteem are more likely to de-escalate.

Which of the following is a characteristic of quality teams?

Which of the following types of activities or decisions is the right side of the brain best used for?

Match the following: -Heuristics

Participative decision making tends to be associated with:

Continuing to support a failing course of action is known as:

Women and experienced managers tend to be more averse to risk taking.

An organization should practice or provide all of the following except

Match the following: -Group polarization

Intuition would be a major part of the input for a manager making which kind of decision?

The rational model of decision making assumes:

A group decision technique that facilitates expert input by using a panel of experts is .

In the rational model, the decision maker strives to:

Expected creativity is discovering problems because the organization expects you to do so.

Which of the following is an effective way of managing decisions in order to avoid escalation of commitment?

Heuristics are shortcuts in decision making that save mental activity.

Match the following: -Nonprogrammed decision

High cohesiveness, directive leadership, and high stress are antecedent conditions for:

Match the following: -Cognitive Style

A deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment resulting from in-group pressures defines _____.

Recent research investigating the characteristics that make an individual more likely to de-escalate from a course of action concluded that:

Organizational Behavior and Opportunity

Challenges for Managers

Personality, Perception, and Attribution

Attitudes, Emotions, and Ethics

Motivation at Work

Learning and Performance Management

Stress and Well-Being at Work

Communication

Work Teams and Groups

Power and Political Behavior

Leadership and Followership

Conflict and Negotiation

Jobs and the Design of Work

Organizational Design and Structure

Organizational Culture

Career Management

Managing Change

Filters

Exam 10: Decision Making by Individuals and Groups

Which of the following is a characteristic of quality teams?

Which of the following types of activities or decisions is the right side of the brain best used for?

Match the following: -Heuristics

Participative decision making tends to be associated with:

Continuing to support a failing course of action is known as:

Women and experienced managers tend to be more averse to risk taking.

An organization should practice or provide all of the following except

Match the following: -Group polarization

Intuition would be a major part of the input for a manager making which kind of decision?

The rational model of decision making assumes:

A group decision technique that facilitates expert input by using a panel of experts is .

In the rational model, the decision maker strives to:

Expected creativity is discovering problems because the organization expects you to do so.

Which of the following is an effective way of managing decisions in order to avoid escalation of commitment?

Heuristics are shortcuts in decision making that save mental activity.

Match the following: -Nonprogrammed decision

High cohesiveness, directive leadership, and high stress are antecedent conditions for:

Match the following: -Cognitive Style

A deterioration of mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment resulting from in-group pressures defines _____.

Recent research investigating the characteristics that make an individual more likely to de-escalate from a course of action concluded that:

Organizational Behavior and Opportunity

Challenges for Managers

Personality, Perception, and Attribution

Attitudes, Emotions, and Ethics

Motivation at Work

Learning and Performance Management

Stress and Well-Being at Work

Communication

Work Teams and Groups

Power and Political Behavior

Leadership and Followership

Conflict and Negotiation

Jobs and the Design of Work

Organizational Design and Structure

Organizational Culture

Career Management

Managing Change

Filters