Question 1

Which of the following is injected into the bloodstream to trace the flow of blood and detect possible constrictions or obstructions in the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A) (18O) 
B) (131I) 
C) (123I) 
D) (24Na) 
E) (99Tc) 
A) (18O) 
B) (131I) 
C) (123I) 
D) (24Na) 
E) (99Tc)

Question 2

Which of the following materials is put into a nuclear reactor to slow the chain reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Heavy water 
B) Moderators 
C) Control rods 
D) Reflectors 
E) Chlorine 
A) Heavy water 
B) Moderators 
C) Control rods 
D) Reflectors 
E) Chlorine

Question 3

An 85-kg person exposed to barium-141 receives 2.5 × 105 β particles,each with an energy of 5.2 × 10-13 J.How many rads does the person receive? (1 rad = 1 × 10-5 J/g)

Accepted Answer

A) 2.4 × 10-20 rads 
B) 1.5 × 10-7 rads 
C) 1.8 × 10-16 rads 
D) 6.1 × 10-15 rads 
E) None of the answers is correct. 
A) 2.4 × 10-20 rads 
B) 1.5 × 10-7 rads 
C) 1.8 × 10-16 rads 
D) 6.1 × 10-15 rads 
E) None of the answers is correct.

Question 4

Gamma rays are not deflected by an electric field.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

When atoms of aluminum-27 are bombarded with alpha particles,a neutron and an element are produced.Which particular isotope of this element is formed?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 6

What is the name given to the nuclear process that results from the bombardment of nuclei by neutrons,protons,or other nuclei?

Accepted Answer

A) Nuclear transmutation 
B) Protonation 
C) Nucleation 
D) Nuclear condensation 
E) Radioactivity 
A) Nuclear transmutation 
B) Protonation 
C) Nucleation 
D) Nuclear condensation 
E) Radioactivity

Question 7

Which of the following type(s)of radiation is/are detected by a Geiger counter?

Accepted Answer

A) Beta particles 
B) Alpha particles 
C) Gamma rays 
D) Beta particles and gamma rays 
E) Alpha particles,beta particles,and gamma rays 
A) Beta particles 
B) Alpha particles 
C) Gamma rays 
D) Beta particles and gamma rays 
E) Alpha particles,beta particles,and gamma rays

Question 8

The _______________ has the same mass as the electron,but bears a charge of +1.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _______________ has the same mass as...

Question 9

What is the nuclear process called in which a heavy nuclear of mass number greater than 200 divides to form smaller nuclei of intermediate mass and one or more neutron(s)?

Accepted Answer

A) Photonuclear reactions 
B) Nuclear fission 
C) Thermal conductivity 
D) Nuclear combination 
E) Nuclear fusion 
A) Photonuclear reactions 
B) Nuclear fission 
C) Thermal conductivity 
D) Nuclear combination 
E) Nuclear fusion

Question 10

When a87 Br nucleus emits a beta particle,what is the nuclear species that results?

Accepted Answer

Question 11

Sodium-21 will emit positrons,each having an energy of 4.0 × 10-13 J.What is this energy in MeV? (1 MeV = 1.602 × 10-13 J)

Accepted Answer

A) 4.0 × 10-7 MeV 
B) 2.5 MeV 
C) 40 MeV 
D) 2.5 × 106 MeV 
E) 2.5 × 10-6 MeV 
A) 4.0 × 10-7 MeV 
B) 2.5 MeV 
C) 40 MeV 
D) 2.5 × 106 MeV 
E) 2.5 × 10-6 MeV

Question 12

Which type of nuclear process requires an extremely high temperature (millions of degrees)?

Accepted Answer

A) Beta decay 
B) Fission reaction 
C) Fusion reaction 
D) Alpha decay 
E) Positron emission 
A) Beta decay 
B) Fission reaction 
C) Fusion reaction 
D) Alpha decay 
E) Positron emission

Question 13

What are magic numbers with reference to nuclear stability?

Accepted Answer

A) The number of nuclear particles of elements not located in the belt of stability 
B) The number of nuclear particles of radioactive elements 
C) The number of nuclear particles in generally more stable nuclei 
D) None of the 
A) The number of nuclear particles of elements not located in the belt of stability 
B) The number of nuclear particles of radioactive elements 
C) The number of nuclear particles in generally more stable nuclei 
D) None of the

Question 14

Suppose you have two very sensitive balances that can measure the masses of individual particles,depicted below.In these figures,"p" corresponds to a proton,and "n" corresponds to a neutron.     What is the relationship between the mass readings of the two balances? (Neglect differences due to experimental uncertainty.)

Accepted Answer

A) The mass reading of balance 1 will be much higher than the mass reading of balance 2. 
B) The mass reading of balance 1 will be slightly higher than the mass reading of balance 2. 
C) The mass reading of balance 1 will be exactly the same as the mass reading of balance 2. 
D) The mass reading of balance 1 will be slightly lower than the mass reading of balance 2. 
E) The mass reading of balance 1 will be much lower than the mass reading of balance 2. 
A) The mass reading of balance 1 will be much higher than the mass reading of balance 2. 
B) The mass reading of balance 1 will be slightly higher than the mass reading of balance 2. 
C) The mass reading of balance 1 will be exactly the same as the mass reading of balance 2. 
D) The mass reading of balance 1 will be slightly lower than the mass reading of balance 2. 
E) The mass reading of balance 1 will be much lower than the mass reading of balance 2.

Question 15

An isotope with a high value of N/Z will tend to decay through

Accepted Answer

A) α decay. 
B) β decay. 
C) positron decay. 
D) electron capture. 
E) γ decay. 
A) α decay. 
B) β decay. 
C) positron decay. 
D) electron capture. 
E) γ decay.

Question 16

Which of the following best represents the relationship between the energy released (ΔE)and the mass defect (Δm)?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 17

What technique would you use to determine how old a cloth is that was found while digging in Egypt?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What technique would you use to determine...

Question 18

A plot of the number of neutrons versus the number of protons in various isotopes produces a "belt of stability." Isotopes below the belt of stability (i.e.,with a smaller neutron-to-proton ratio)decay by beta particle emission.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Petroleum is a fossil fuel containing many different carbon compounds.If the carbon atoms in petroleum have been in the ground for 100 million years,what fraction of the initial 14C atoms is still there? (t1/2 = 5730 yr)

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 × 10-10 
C) 5.7 × 10-5 
D) 1.0 × 10-3 
E) 5.7 × 10-1 
A) 0 
B) 1 × 10-10 
C) 5.7 × 10-5 
D) 1.0 × 10-3 
E) 5.7 × 10-1

Question 20

It is believed that two carbon-12 nuclei can react in the core of a supergiant star to form sodium-23 and hydrogen-1.Calculate the energy released from this reaction for each mole of hydrogen formed.   Particle Mass (amu) C-12 12.000000
Na-23 22.989767
H-1 1.007825
(1 kg = 6.022 × 1026 amu;
NA = 6.022 × 1023 mol-1;
C = 2.99792458 × 108 m/s)

Accepted Answer

A) 2.16 × 1014 kJ 
B) 2.16 × 1011 kJ 
C) 2.16 × 108 kJ 
D) 2.16 × 105 kJ 
E) None of the answers is correct. 
A) 2.16 × 1014 kJ 
B) 2.16 × 1011 kJ 
C) 2.16 × 108 kJ 
D) 2.16 × 105 kJ 
E) None of the answers is correct.

Exam 20: Nuclear Chemistry

Which of the following is injected into the bloodstream to trace the flow of blood and detect possible constrictions or obstructions in the circulatory system?

Which of the following materials is put into a nuclear reactor to slow the chain reaction?

An 85-kg person exposed to barium-141 receives 2.5 × 105 β particles,each with an energy of 5.2 × 10-13 J.How many rads does the person receive? (1 rad = 1 × 10-5 J/g)

Gamma rays are not deflected by an electric field.

When atoms of aluminum-27 are bombarded with alpha particles,a neutron and an element are produced.Which particular isotope of this element is formed?

What is the name given to the nuclear process that results from the bombardment of nuclei by neutrons,protons,or other nuclei?

Which of the following type(s)of radiation is/are detected by a Geiger counter?

The _______________ has the same mass as the electron,but bears a charge of +1.

What is the nuclear process called in which a heavy nuclear of mass number greater than 200 divides to form smaller nuclei of intermediate mass and one or more neutron(s)?

When a87 Br nucleus emits a beta particle,what is the nuclear species that results?

Sodium-21 will emit positrons,each having an energy of 4.0 × 10-13 J.What is this energy in MeV? (1 MeV = 1.602 × 10-13 J)

Which type of nuclear process requires an extremely high temperature (millions of degrees)?

What are magic numbers with reference to nuclear stability?

An isotope with a high value of N/Z will tend to decay through

Which of the following best represents the relationship between the energy released (ΔE)and the mass defect (Δm)?

What technique would you use to determine how old a cloth is that was found while digging in Egypt?

A plot of the number of neutrons versus the number of protons in various isotopes produces a "belt of stability." Isotopes below the belt of stability (i.e.,with a smaller neutron-to-proton ratio)decay by beta particle emission.

Petroleum is a fossil fuel containing many different carbon compounds.If the carbon atoms in petroleum have been in the ground for 100 million years,what fraction of the initial 14C atoms is still there? (t1/2 = 5730 yr)

Chemistry: the Central Science

Atoms Molecules and Ions

Stoichiometry Ratios of Combination

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table

Chemical Bonding I Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding Ii Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Intermolecular Forces and the Physical Properties of Liquids and Solids

Modern Materials

Physical Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Entropy Free Energy and Equilibrium

Electrochemistry

Environmental Chemistry

Coordination Chemistry

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Organic Chemistry

Filters

An 85-kg person exposed to barium-141 receives 2.5 × 10⁵ β particles,each with an energy of 5.2 × 10^-1³ J.How many rads does the person receive? (1 rad = 1 × 10^-5 J/g)

When a⁸⁷ Br nucleus emits a beta particle,what is the nuclear species that results?

Sodium-21 will emit positrons,each having an energy of 4.0 × 10^-13 J.What is this energy in MeV? (1 MeV = 1.602 × 10^-13 J)

Petroleum is a fossil fuel containing many different carbon compounds.If the carbon atoms in petroleum have been in the ground for 100 million years,what fraction of the initial ¹⁴C atoms is still there? (t_1/2 = 5730 yr)