Question 1

The dose unit of ionizing radiation is called the rad.The rad is defined in terms of

Accepted Answer

A) the half-life of a radioisotope. 
B) the energy deposited per gram of an object. 
C) the biological damage produced. 
D) the accumulation of fission products. 
E) the number of ions per centimeter. 
A) the half-life of a radioisotope. 
B) the energy deposited per gram of an object. 
C) the biological damage produced. 
D) the accumulation of fission products. 
E) the number of ions per centimeter. B

Question 2

For stable atoms of elements having low atomic numbers (≤ 20),the neutron-to-proton ratio is close to zero.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation. U-238 + ? → 1 neutron + Fm-249

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    D

Question 4

Nuclei with an _____ number of protons and an _____ number of neutrons tend to be more stable than those with an _____ number of protons and/or an _____ number of neutrons.

Accepted Answer

A) even; odd; odd; even 
B) even; even; odd; odd 
C) odd; odd; even; even 
D) odd; even; even; odd 
E) odd; odd; even; odd 
A) even; odd; odd; even 
B) even; even; odd; odd 
C) odd; odd; even; even 
D) odd; even; even; odd 
E) odd; odd; even; odd

Question 5

1 joule equals _____.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 kg • m 
B) 1 g • m2 • s2 
C) 1 kg • m2/s 
D) 1 g • m2/s 
E) 1 kg • m2/s2 
A) 1 kg • m 
B) 1 g • m2 • s2 
C) 1 kg • m2/s 
D) 1 g • m2/s 
E) 1 kg • m2/s2

Question 6

Which is an incorrect representation of the indicated particle or nucleus?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 7

What fraction of radioactive atoms remains in a sample after six half-lives?

Accepted Answer

A) zero 
B) 1/6 
C) 1/16 
D) 1/32 
E) 1/64 
A) zero 
B) 1/6 
C) 1/16 
D) 1/32 
E) 1/64

Question 8

The ___________ _________ ___________ is a quantitative measure of the nuclear stability of a nucleus,which is the energy required to break up a nucleus into its component protons and neutrons.

Accepted Answer

nuclear bi

Question 9

Why is carbon dating possible?

Accepted Answer

A) The amount of C-12 is not variable in living organisms. 
B) There is a constant ratio of C-12 to C-14 in living organisms but the ratio changes at a predictable rate after an organism dies. 
C) The amount of C-14 is constant in living organisms. 
D) None of the. 
A) The amount of C-12 is not variable in living organisms. 
B) There is a constant ratio of C-12 to C-14 in living organisms but the ratio changes at a predictable rate after an organism dies. 
C) The amount of C-14 is constant in living organisms. 
D) None of the.

Question 10

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Question 11

Alpha particles are identical to

Accepted Answer

A) protons. 
B) helium atoms. 
C) hydrogen atoms. 
D) helium nuclei. 
E) electrons. 
A) protons. 
B) helium atoms. 
C) hydrogen atoms. 
D) helium nuclei. 
E) electrons.

Question 12

Which isotope,when bombarded with nitrogen-15,yields four neutrons and the artificial isotope dubnium-260?

Accepted Answer

A) Californium-245 
B) Thorium-257 
C) Nobelium-245 
D) Californium-249 
E) Dubnium-249 
A) Californium-245 
B) Thorium-257 
C) Nobelium-245 
D) Californium-249 
E) Dubnium-249

Question 13

Uranium-235 decays by alpha emission.What isotope is also produced by this transformation?

Accepted Answer

A) Pa-234 
B) Th-237 
C) Pu-237 
D) Th-231 
E) Pu-239 
A) Pa-234 
B) Th-237 
C) Pu-237 
D) Th-231 
E) Pu-239

Question 14

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 104 β particles,each with an energy of 1.6 × 10-14 J.How many rads does the person receive?

Accepted Answer

A) 2.1 × 10-19 rads 
B) 1.2 × 10-17 rads 
C) 2.2 × 10-9 rads 
D) 1.2 × 10-9 rads 
E) None of these choices is correct. 
A) 2.1 × 10-19 rads 
B) 1.2 × 10-17 rads 
C) 2.2 × 10-9 rads 
D) 1.2 × 10-9 rads 
E) None of these choices is correct.

Question 15

In the following diagrams,A represents a radioactive isotope that decays into a new isotope,X.Each circle represents 1 mmol of atoms. t = 0:   t = 25.0 s:   Over the first 25.0 s,what is the disintegration rate of A?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.120 disintegrations per second 
B) 1.81 × 1021 disintegrations per second 
C) 3.00 disintegrations per second 
D) 7.23 × 1019 disintegrations per second 
E) 1.38 × 10-20 disintegrations per second 
A) 0.120 disintegrations per second 
B) 1.81 × 1021 disintegrations per second 
C) 3.00 disintegrations per second 
D) 7.23 × 1019 disintegrations per second 
E) 1.38 × 10-20 disintegrations per second

Question 16

A particle accelerator uses which of the following to increase the kinetic energy of charged species so that a reaction will occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Electromagnetic fields 
B) Fission reaction 
C) Gravitational field 
D) Fusion reaction 
E) Combustion reaction 
A) Electromagnetic fields 
B) Fission reaction 
C) Gravitational field 
D) Fusion reaction 
E) Combustion reaction

Question 17

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction   ?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of these choices is correct. 
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E) None of these choices is correct.

Question 18

Calculate the energy released in joules when one mole of polonium-214 decays according to the following equation.   Particle Mass (amu)
Pb-210
209)98284
Po-214
213)99519
He-4
4)00260
(1 kg = 6.022 × 1026 amu;
NA = 6.022 × 1023 mol-1;
C = 2.99792458 × 108 m/s)

Accepted Answer

A) 8.78 × 1014 J/mol 
B) 7.2 × 1014 J/mol 
C) 8.76 × 1011 J/mol 
D) -9.75 × 10-3 J/mol 
E) 1.46 × 10-9 J/mol 
A) 8.78 × 1014 J/mol 
B) 7.2 × 1014 J/mol 
C) 8.76 × 1011 J/mol 
D) -9.75 × 10-3 J/mol 
E) 1.46 × 10-9 J/mol

Question 19

A gamma particle has a charge of -1.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

In the following diagrams,A represents a radioactive isotope that decays into a new isotope,X.Each circle represents 1 mmol of atoms. t = 0:   t = 25.0 s:   Which diagram best represents the sample at t = 50.0 s?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
E)

Exam 20: Nuclear Chemistry

The dose unit of ionizing radiation is called the rad.The rad is defined in terms of

For stable atoms of elements having low atomic numbers (≤ 20),the neutron-to-proton ratio is close to zero.

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation. U-238 + ? → 1 neutron + Fm-249

Nuclei with an _____ number of protons and an _____ number of neutrons tend to be more stable than those with an _____ number of protons and/or an _____ number of neutrons.

1 joule equals _____.

Which is an incorrect representation of the indicated particle or nucleus?

What fraction of radioactive atoms remains in a sample after six half-lives?

The ___________ _________ ___________ is a quantitative measure of the nuclear stability of a nucleus,which is the energy required to break up a nucleus into its component protons and neutrons.

Why is carbon dating possible?

Identify the missing species in the following nuclear transmutation.

Alpha particles are identical to

Which isotope,when bombarded with nitrogen-15,yields four neutrons and the artificial isotope dubnium-260?

Uranium-235 decays by alpha emission.What isotope is also produced by this transformation?

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 104 β particles,each with an energy of 1.6 × 10-14 J.How many rads does the person receive?

In the following diagrams,A represents a radioactive isotope that decays into a new isotope,X.Each circle represents 1 mmol of atoms. t = 0: t = 25.0 s: Over the first 25.0 s,what is the disintegration rate of A?

A particle accelerator uses which of the following to increase the kinetic energy of charged species so that a reaction will occur?

Select the nuclide that completes the following nuclear reaction ?

Calculate the energy released in joules when one mole of polonium-214 decays according to the following equation. Particle Mass (amu) Pb-210 209)98284 Po-214 213)99519 He-4 4)00260 (1 kg = 6.022 × 1026 amu; NA = 6.022 × 1023 mol-1; C = 2.99792458 × 108 m/s)

A gamma particle has a charge of -1.

In the following diagrams,A represents a radioactive isotope that decays into a new isotope,X.Each circle represents 1 mmol of atoms. t = 0: t = 25.0 s: Which diagram best represents the sample at t = 50.0 s?

Chemistry: the Central Science

Atoms Molecules and Ions

Stoichiometry Ratios of Combination

Reactions in Aqueous Solutions

Thermochemistry

Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atoms

Electron Configuration and the Periodic Table

Chemical Bonding I Basic Concepts

Chemical Bonding Ii Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories

Gases

Intermolecular Forces and the Physical Properties of Liquids and Solids

Modern Materials

Physical Properties of Solutions

Chemical Kinetics

Chemical Equilibrium

Acids and Bases

Acid-Base Equilibria and Solubility Equilibria

Entropy Free Energy and Equilibrium

Electrochemistry

Environmental Chemistry

Coordination Chemistry

Metallurgy and the Chemistry of Metals

Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Organic Chemistry

Filters

Nuclei with an ___ number of protons and an _ number of neutrons tend to be more stable than those with an _ number of protons and/or an ___ number of neutrons.

The _______ _ _______ is a quantitative measure of the nuclear stability of a nucleus,which is the energy required to break up a nucleus into its component protons and neutrons.

A 55-kg person exposed to thorium-234 receives 7.5 × 10⁴ β particles,each with an energy of 1.6 × 10^-14 J.How many rads does the person receive?

Calculate the energy released in joules when one mole of polonium-214 decays according to the following equation. Particle Mass (amu) Pb-210 209)98284 Po-214 213)99519 He-4 4)00260 (1 kg = 6.022 × 10²⁶ amu; N_A = 6.022 × 10²³ mol^-1; C = 2.99792458 × 10⁸ m/s)