Exam 1: Introduction and Review

Draw a correct Lewis structure for chloromethane, CH₃Cl.

The Lewis structure of pentane is shown below. Draw the condensed structural formula which corresponds to this Lewis structure.

Provide the structural formula for an aldehyde whose condensed structure is (CH₃)₃CCHO.

While you were up late one night studying organic chemistry, you happened to see the last 5 minutes of an infomercial on TV. The spokesperson claimed that their brand of automobile tires were superior to all other brands on the market because they were made by using only natural rubber, isolated from the resin of rubber trees. How could a chemist test her claims that no petroleum products went into the manufacture of her brand of tires?

The hydroxide ion (HO^-) cannot function well as which of the following?

Draw the structure of the conjugate acid of acetone (CH₃COCH₃).

Covalent bonds may be polar or nonpolar. What property of the atoms forming a given bond determines this?

How many hydrogen atoms are present in the molecule shown?

Draw the important resonance forms for the structure shown below.

When methanol (CH₃OH) acts as a base, its conjugate acid is ________.

According to the following pKa values listed for a set of acids, which would lead to the strongest conjugate base?

Peramivir, shown below, has shown to be effective against the influenza B virus (J. Med. Chem. 2010, 6421). Which sequence ranks the following nitrogen atoms in order of increasing basicity?

One resonance structure of a cation is shown. Provide the other reasonable resonance structures.

Draw condensed structures for the four compounds with formula C₃H₉N.

One or more of the atoms in the structure shown should have nonzero formal charges. Redraw the structure and indicate any such charges.

Assign the correct formal charge to each nitrogen atom in the following Lewis structure.

Calculate the empirical and molecular formulas of the compound with molecular weight 122 and an elemental analysis of 59.01% C, 4.97% H, 13.12% O, and 22.90% N.

Which of the following are correct Lewis structures, including formal charges, for nitric acid, HNO₃?

The formal charge on oxygen in dimethyl ether, CH₃OCH₃, is ________.

Compute the empirical and molecular formulas for the compound of molecular weight 180 g/mol which is shown to contain 40.0% C and 6.7% H by elemental analysis.