Question 1

Describe Lewin's three-step model used for managing change.

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin argued that successful change in organizations should follow three steps: unfreezing the status quo, movement to a desired end state, and refreezing the new change to make it permanent.
Before implementing a change organizations tend to be in an equilibrium state. To move from equilibrium - to overcome the pressures of both individual resistance and group conformity - unfreezing must happen in one of three ways. The driving forces, which direct behavior away from the status quo, can be increased. The restraining forces, which hinder movement away from equilibrium, can be decreased. A third alternative is to combine the first two approaches. Research on organizational change has shown that, to be effective, change has to happen quickly. Organizations that build up to change do less well than those that get to and through the movement stage quickly. Once change has been implemented, to be successful the new situation must be refrozen so it can be sustained over time. Without this last step, change will likely be short-lived and employees will attempt to revert to the previous equilibrium state.

Question 2

A paper sales company designs and offers a new method of purchasing and shipping commercial quantities of paper through their Web site. Earlier, the company used to do its business through its sales representative. This is an example of a(n) ________ change.

Accepted Answer

A)  accidental 
B)  secondary 
C)  planned 
D)  cognitive 
E)  integrated 
A)  accidental 
B)  secondary 
C)  planned 
D)  cognitive 
E)  integrated C

Question 3

Rudolf is dealing with impending layoffs at work. Yesterday at a pharmacy he measured his blood pressure and it was high. He also notices that when he thinks about the future his heart rate accelerates. Rudolf is demonstrating ________ symptoms of stress.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological 
B)  physiological 
C)  behavioral 
D)  personal 
E)  reactive 
A)  psychological 
B)  physiological 
C)  behavioral 
D)  personal 
E)  reactive B

Question 4

After restructuring, your division has had trouble filling the open positions with appropriate candidates. The selection processes used by human resources have not yet adjusted to the new criteria required for the restructured job positions. This problem is an example of which kind of resistance to change?

Accepted Answer

A)  structural inertia 
B)  limited focus of change 
C)  group inertia 
D)  threat to expertise 
E)  threat to established power relationships 
A)  structural inertia 
B)  limited focus of change 
C)  group inertia 
D)  threat to expertise 
E)  threat to established power relationships

Question 5

Experience on the job tends to be positively related to work stress.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Using covert influence to overcome resistance to change is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  negotiation 
B)  conciliation 
C)  education 
D)  coercion 
E)  manipulation 
A)  negotiation 
B)  conciliation 
C)  education 
D)  coercion 
E)  manipulation

Question 7

Who are "change agents"?

Accepted Answer

Change agents are the people in an organ

Question 8

________ is a method of changing behavior through unstructured group interaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  Action research 
B)  Planned modification 
C)  Process consultation 
D)  Sensitivity training 
E)  Psychoanalysis 
A)  Action research 
B)  Planned modification 
C)  Process consultation 
D)  Sensitivity training 
E)  Psychoanalysis

Question 9

Define "change agent" and describe where change is most likely to come from. Compare who is most likely to be an agent of change to who is most likely to resist change. Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

Change agents are the people in an organ

Question 10

Describe the organizational factors that create stress and discuss how they compare to the factors of resistance to change. How are they similar and different? Are the methods for managing change useful for managing stress caused by organizational factors?

Accepted Answer

Pressures to avoid errors or complete ta

Question 11

The deemphasizing of hierarchical authority and control in organizational development is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  horizontal integration 
B)  power equalization 
C)  trust and support 
D)  respect for people 
E)  vertical blending 
A)  horizontal integration 
B)  power equalization 
C)  trust and support 
D)  respect for people 
E)  vertical blending

Question 12

Appreciative inquiry (AI) is an organizational development technique. Which of the following statements is true regarding appreciative inquiry?

Accepted Answer

A)  It tries to identify discrepancies among member perceptions and solve these differences. 
B)  It uses high-interaction group activities to increase trust and openness among team members, improve coordinative efforts, and increase team performance. 
C)  It involves an outside consultant who helps the manager to analyze processes within his or her unit and identify what to improve and how. 
D)  It consists of four steps including discovery, dreaming, design, and destiny. 
E)  It seeks to change groups' attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions about each other. 
A)  It tries to identify discrepancies among member perceptions and solve these differences. 
B)  It uses high-interaction group activities to increase trust and openness among team members, improve coordinative efforts, and increase team performance. 
C)  It involves an outside consultant who helps the manager to analyze processes within his or her unit and identify what to improve and how. 
D)  It consists of four steps including discovery, dreaming, design, and destiny. 
E)  It seeks to change groups' attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions about each other.

Question 13

One of Carl's department employees was severely injured on the job. Carl has called in psychological counselors to talk to the other employees, and scheduled a series of safety trainings for the department to be completed by the end of the week. He has also asked the HR personnel to talk to the department about the disability insurance that the company offers and make sure that his employees know what is available. Carl is using ________ to help cope with the stress caused by his employee's injury.

Accepted Answer

A)  demands 
B)  action research 
C)  resources 
D)  innovation 
E)  appreciative inquiry 
A)  demands 
B)  action research 
C)  resources 
D)  innovation 
E)  appreciative inquiry

Question 14

Who developed a three-step model for change that included unfreezing, movement, and refreezing?

Accepted Answer

A)  John Kotter 
B)  David McClelland 
C)  Douglas Surber 
D)  Lawrence Summers 
E)  Kurt Lewin 
A)  John Kotter 
B)  David McClelland 
C)  Douglas Surber 
D)  Lawrence Summers 
E)  Kurt Lewin

Question 15

Compare and contrast challenge stressors and hindrance stressors.

Accepted Answer

Recently, researchers have argued that c

Question 16

Which of the following is the last step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change. 
B)  Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed. 
C)  Communicate the vision throughout the organization. 
D)  Reinforce the changes by demonstrating the relationship between new behaviors and organizational success. 
E)  Consolidate improvements, reassess changes, and make necessary adjustments in the new programs. 
A)  Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change. 
B)  Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed. 
C)  Communicate the vision throughout the organization. 
D)  Reinforce the changes by demonstrating the relationship between new behaviors and organizational success. 
E)  Consolidate improvements, reassess changes, and make necessary adjustments in the new programs.

Question 17

Intergroup development seeks to change groups' attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions that groups have of each other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

________ is a collection of change methods that seek to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.

Accepted Answer

A)  Organizational development 
B)  Organizational polarization 
C)  Operant conditioning 
D)  Organizational restructuring 
E)  Action research 
A)  Organizational development 
B)  Organizational polarization 
C)  Operant conditioning 
D)  Organizational restructuring 
E)  Action research

Question 19

Sensitivity training emphasizes changing behavior through structured group interaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following is the first step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Create a new vision to direct the change and strategies for achieving the vision. 
B)  Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed. 
C)  Plan for, create, and reward short-term "wins" that move the organization toward the new vision. 
D)  Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change. 
E)  Communicate the vision throughout the organization. 
A)  Create a new vision to direct the change and strategies for achieving the vision. 
B)  Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed. 
C)  Plan for, create, and reward short-term "wins" that move the organization toward the new vision. 
D)  Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change. 
E)  Communicate the vision throughout the organization.

Describe Lewin's three-step model used for managing change.

A paper sales company designs and offers a new method of purchasing and shipping commercial quantities of paper through their Web site. Earlier, the company used to do its business through its sales representative. This is an example of a(n) ________ change.

Rudolf is dealing with impending layoffs at work. Yesterday at a pharmacy he measured his blood pressure and it was high. He also notices that when he thinks about the future his heart rate accelerates. Rudolf is demonstrating ________ symptoms of stress.

Experience on the job tends to be positively related to work stress.

Using covert influence to overcome resistance to change is called ________.

Who are "change agents"?

________ is a method of changing behavior through unstructured group interaction.

Define "change agent" and describe where change is most likely to come from. Compare who is most likely to be an agent of change to who is most likely to resist change. Explain your answer.

Describe the organizational factors that create stress and discuss how they compare to the factors of resistance to change. How are they similar and different? Are the methods for managing change useful for managing stress caused by organizational factors?

The deemphasizing of hierarchical authority and control in organizational development is referred to as ________.

Appreciative inquiry (AI) is an organizational development technique. Which of the following statements is true regarding appreciative inquiry?

Who developed a three-step model for change that included unfreezing, movement, and refreezing?

Compare and contrast challenge stressors and hindrance stressors.

Which of the following is the last step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change?

Intergroup development seeks to change groups' attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions that groups have of each other.

________ is a collection of change methods that seek to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.

Sensitivity training emphasizes changing behavior through structured group interaction.

Which of the following is the first step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Diversity in Organizations

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Perception and Individual Decision Making

Motivation Concepts

Motivation: From Concepts to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organization Structure

Organizational Culture

Human Resource Policies and Practices

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Exam 18: Organizational Change and Stress Management

Describe Lewin's three-step model used for managing change.

A paper sales company designs and offers a new method of purchasing and shipping commercial quantities of paper through their Web site. Earlier, the company used to do its business through its sales representative. This is an example of a(n) ________ change.

Rudolf is dealing with impending layoffs at work. Yesterday at a pharmacy he measured his blood pressure and it was high. He also notices that when he thinks about the future his heart rate accelerates. Rudolf is demonstrating ________ symptoms of stress.

Experience on the job tends to be positively related to work stress.

Using covert influence to overcome resistance to change is called ________.

Who are "change agents"?

________ is a method of changing behavior through unstructured group interaction.

Define "change agent" and describe where change is most likely to come from. Compare who is most likely to be an agent of change to who is most likely to resist change. Explain your answer.

Describe the organizational factors that create stress and discuss how they compare to the factors of resistance to change. How are they similar and different? Are the methods for managing change useful for managing stress caused by organizational factors?

The deemphasizing of hierarchical authority and control in organizational development is referred to as ________.

Appreciative inquiry (AI) is an organizational development technique. Which of the following statements is true regarding appreciative inquiry?

Who developed a three-step model for change that included unfreezing, movement, and refreezing?

Compare and contrast challenge stressors and hindrance stressors.

Which of the following is the last step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change?

Intergroup development seeks to change groups' attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions that groups have of each other.

________ is a collection of change methods that seek to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.

Sensitivity training emphasizes changing behavior through structured group interaction.

Which of the following is the first step in Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change?

What Is Organizational Behavior

Diversity in Organizations

Attitudes and Job Satisfaction

Emotions and Moods

Personality and Values

Perception and Individual Decision Making

Motivation Concepts

Motivation: From Concepts to Applications

Foundations of Group Behavior

Understanding Work Teams

Communication

Leadership

Power and Politics

Conflict and Negotiation

Foundations of Organization Structure

Organizational Culture

Human Resource Policies and Practices

Filters