Question 1

Which cells are responsible for bone formation?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblast

Question 2

Which of the following is true about minerals?

Accepted Answer

A) Minerals are organic molecules. 
B) Minerals can be structural components. 
C) Minerals are destroyed by heat. 
D) All of these statements are true. 
A) Minerals are organic molecules. 
B) Minerals can be structural components. 
C) Minerals are destroyed by heat. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 3

Which of the following has NOT been associated with loss of bone mass in women?

Accepted Answer

A) Alcohol consumption 
B) Excessive walking 
C) High sodium intake 
D) Smoking 
A) Alcohol consumption 
B) Excessive walking 
C) High sodium intake 
D) Smoking

Question 4

Bisphosphonates treat osteoporosis by/through:

Accepted Answer

A) their hormone action. 
B) inhibiting the action of osteoclasts. 
C) encouraging weight gain. 
D) providing more energy for exercise. 
A) their hormone action. 
B) inhibiting the action of osteoclasts. 
C) encouraging weight gain. 
D) providing more energy for exercise.

Question 5

How do phytates,tannins and oxalates affect the absorption of minerals?

Accepted Answer

Phytates,tannins,and

Question 6

Which of the following statements regarding calcium is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Infants get adequate calcium from breast milk. 
B) Diets high in phytates increase calcium absorption. 
C) Pregnant women need more calcium to supply the needs of the growing fetus. 
D) Women who breast feed need more calcium in their diets. 
A) Infants get adequate calcium from breast milk. 
B) Diets high in phytates increase calcium absorption. 
C) Pregnant women need more calcium to supply the needs of the growing fetus. 
D) Women who breast feed need more calcium in their diets.

Question 7

How does menopause affect bone density?

Accepted Answer

Bone loss is accelerated for women for a

Question 8

Explain the process of bone remodeling.

Accepted Answer

Bone is a living,metabolically

Question 9

Which of the following groups is LEAST at risk for phosphorus deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) Healthy adults 
B) Vegans 
C) Elderly 
D) Alcoholics 
A) Healthy adults 
B) Vegans 
C) Elderly 
D) Alcoholics

Question 10

Which group contains the highest proportion of individuals who do not meet their calcium requirement?

Accepted Answer

A) Boys 9-17 years 
B) Girls 9-17 years 
C) Adult men 
D) Adult women 
A) Boys 9-17 years 
B) Girls 9-17 years 
C) Adult men 
D) Adult women

Question 11

How do parathyroid hormone and calcitonin maintain blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone raises blood calcium

Question 12

Significant loss of bone mass and increased risk of fractures associated with aging is termed:

Accepted Answer

A) osteopenia. 
B) osteomalacia. 
C) osteoporosis. 
D) osteopropensia. 
A) osteopenia. 
B) osteomalacia. 
C) osteoporosis. 
D) osteopropensia.

Question 13

How does gender affect bone mass at different stages of the life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Until puberty,girls and boys have simila

Question 14

Which group could benefit from calcium supplements if needs are not met by diet?

Accepted Answer

A) Young people who have not yet achieved peak bone mass. 
B) Post-menopausal women. 
C) Individuals with decreased bone density. 
D) All these groups could benefit. 
A) Young people who have not yet achieved peak bone mass. 
B) Post-menopausal women. 
C) Individuals with decreased bone density. 
D) All these groups could benefit.

Question 15

What stimulates the secretion of parathyroid hormone? What are the specific actions of this hormone?

Accepted Answer

PTH is secreted in response to low blood

Question 16

Calcium absorption is highest in:

Accepted Answer

A) infancy. 
B) young adults. 
C) older adults. 
D) after menopause. 
A) infancy. 
B) young adults. 
C) older adults. 
D) after menopause.

Question 17

What are lifestyle factors that affect bone mass?

Accepted Answer

Gender,age,race,family history

Question 18

Magnesium's major functions in the body include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) blood clotting. 
B) being a cofactor for many enzymes. 
C) stabilizing ATP. 
D) maintenance of bones. 
A) blood clotting. 
B) being a cofactor for many enzymes. 
C) stabilizing ATP. 
D) maintenance of bones.

Question 19

Which statement describes the relationship of bone calcium to blood calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) If dietary calcium is low,both blood and bone levels will decline. 
B) If dietary calcium is low,bone calcium is sacrificed to maintain blood calcium. 
C) If dietary calcium is low,blood calcium is sacrificed to maintain bone calcium. 
D) Blood levels of calcium are a good indicator of the calcium status of bone. 
A) If dietary calcium is low,both blood and bone levels will decline. 
B) If dietary calcium is low,bone calcium is sacrificed to maintain blood calcium. 
C) If dietary calcium is low,blood calcium is sacrificed to maintain bone calcium. 
D) Blood levels of calcium are a good indicator of the calcium status of bone.

Question 20

Which food group provides the largest variety of minerals?

Accepted Answer

A) Vegetables 
B) Fruits 
C) Dairy 
D) Meat and beans 
A) Vegetables 
B) Fruits 
C) Dairy 
D) Meat and beans

Exam 11: Major Minerals and Bone Health

Which cells are responsible for bone formation?

Which of the following is true about minerals?

Which of the following has NOT been associated with loss of bone mass in women?

Bisphosphonates treat osteoporosis by/through:

How do phytates,tannins and oxalates affect the absorption of minerals?

Which of the following statements regarding calcium is true?

How does menopause affect bone density?

Explain the process of bone remodeling.

Which of the following groups is LEAST at risk for phosphorus deficiency?

Which group contains the highest proportion of individuals who do not meet their calcium requirement?

How do parathyroid hormone and calcitonin maintain blood calcium levels?

Significant loss of bone mass and increased risk of fractures associated with aging is termed:

How does gender affect bone mass at different stages of the life cycle?

Which group could benefit from calcium supplements if needs are not met by diet?

What stimulates the secretion of parathyroid hormone? What are the specific actions of this hormone?

Calcium absorption is highest in:

What are lifestyle factors that affect bone mass?

Magnesium's major functions in the body include all of the following EXCEPT:

Which statement describes the relationship of bone calcium to blood calcium?

Which food group provides the largest variety of minerals?

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, starches, and Fiber

Lipids: Triglycerides, phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus On Alcohol

Focus On Eating Disorders

Focus On Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitamin/Nonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

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