Question 1

What is the purpose of retinol activity equivalents?

Accepted Answer

A) To provide a factor for converting a quantity of carotenoids to an equivalent amount of vitamin A. 
B) To determine the amount of vitamin A lost in processing. 
C) To quantify the decrease in vitamin A function due to exercise or activity. 
D) To estimate the bioavailability of vitamin A from different food sources. 
A) To provide a factor for converting a quantity of carotenoids to an equivalent amount of vitamin A. 
B) To determine the amount of vitamin A lost in processing. 
C) To quantify the decrease in vitamin A function due to exercise or activity. 
D) To estimate the bioavailability of vitamin A from different food sources. A

Question 2

African Americans are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) their darkly pigmented skin filters out more light. 
B) they spend less time in the sun than people of other ethnic backgrounds. 
C) they consume less milk. 
D) they have a higher incidence of lactose intolerance. 
A) their darkly pigmented skin filters out more light. 
B) they spend less time in the sun than people of other ethnic backgrounds. 
C) they consume less milk. 
D) they have a higher incidence of lactose intolerance. B

Question 3

Beta-carotene is LEAST plentiful in which food?

Accepted Answer

A) Mangos 
B) Mustard greens 
C) Kiwis 
D) Carrots 
A) Mangos 
B) Mustard greens 
C) Kiwis 
D) Carrots C

Question 4

Which statement about frozen foods is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A) Freezing vegetables causes nutrient losses. 
B) Fresh produce in grocery stores always has higher nutrient content than frozen produce. 
C) Produce is often frozen in the fields where it is grown. 
D) Freezing slows the loss of nutrients caused by exposure to heat,light and air. 
A) Freezing vegetables causes nutrient losses. 
B) Fresh produce in grocery stores always has higher nutrient content than frozen produce. 
C) Produce is often frozen in the fields where it is grown. 
D) Freezing slows the loss of nutrients caused by exposure to heat,light and air.

Question 5

Vitamin D acts primarily in the:

Accepted Answer

A) skin and liver. 
B) stomach and pancreas. 
C) intestine,kidney and bone. 
D) heart and lungs. 
A) skin and liver. 
B) stomach and pancreas. 
C) intestine,kidney and bone. 
D) heart and lungs.

Question 6

The recommended intake of vitamin E is expressed in:

Accepted Answer

A) REs. 
B) µgs. 
C) alpha-tocopherol equivalents. 
D) mgs of alpha-tocopherol. 
A) REs. 
B) µgs. 
C) alpha-tocopherol equivalents. 
D) mgs of alpha-tocopherol.

Question 7

Long term use of antibiotics may result in vitamin K deficiency because:

Accepted Answer

A) antibiotics may interfere with absorption of the vitamin. 
B) antibiotics require vitamin K as a co-factor to function properly. 
C) antibiotics may change the bacterial flora in the gut,decreasing vitamin K production. 
D) most antibiotics promote blood clotting,increasing vitamin K requirements. 
A) antibiotics may interfere with absorption of the vitamin. 
B) antibiotics require vitamin K as a co-factor to function properly. 
C) antibiotics may change the bacterial flora in the gut,decreasing vitamin K production. 
D) most antibiotics promote blood clotting,increasing vitamin K requirements.

Question 8

Which vitamin has the best known role in cell differentiation?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) D 
C) E 
D) K 
A) A 
B) D 
C) E 
D) K

Question 9

Differentiation,or the process by which cells become more specialized,is most affected by which form of vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

A) Alpha-carotene 
B) Retinal 
C) Retinoic acid 
D) Retinol 
A) Alpha-carotene 
B) Retinal 
C) Retinoic acid 
D) Retinol

Question 10

Children in developing nations are most likely to develop deficiency symptoms associated with which vitamin?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) D 
C) E 
D) K 
A) A 
B) D 
C) E 
D) K

Question 11

The food that contains the most vitamin D is:

Accepted Answer

A) whole-wheat bread. 
B) cranberry juice. 
C) peanut oil. 
D) whole milk. 
A) whole-wheat bread. 
B) cranberry juice. 
C) peanut oil. 
D) whole milk.

Question 12

Which food contains the highest amount of vitamin E?

Accepted Answer

A) Almonds 
B) Cheese 
C) Oatmeal 
D) Beef liver 
A) Almonds 
B) Cheese 
C) Oatmeal 
D) Beef liver

Question 13

Vitamin A may be lacking in diets of people in North America because:

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin A rich foods are in scarce supply. 
B) people choose diets which contain low amounts of vitamin A. 
C) vitamin A is found in summer fruits,and is not available during the winter. 
D) information about vitamin A in foods is not available to consumers. 
A) vitamin A rich foods are in scarce supply. 
B) people choose diets which contain low amounts of vitamin A. 
C) vitamin A is found in summer fruits,and is not available during the winter. 
D) information about vitamin A in foods is not available to consumers.

Question 14

____________ is an anticoagulant that interferes with the action of vitamin K.

Accepted Answer

A) Cyclosporin 
B) Aspirin 
C) Dicumarol 
D) Penicillin 
A) Cyclosporin 
B) Aspirin 
C) Dicumarol 
D) Penicillin

Question 15

When vitamin A is deficient,all of the following occur EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) new epithelial cells do not differentiate properly. 
B) epithelial cells produce a hard protein found in hair and fingernails. 
C) epithelial cells produce too much mucus. 
D) the likelihood of infection is increased. 
A) new epithelial cells do not differentiate properly. 
B) epithelial cells produce a hard protein found in hair and fingernails. 
C) epithelial cells produce too much mucus. 
D) the likelihood of infection is increased.

Question 16

Retin A and Acutane,derived from vitamin A,can do all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) reduce skin wrinkles. 
B) treat acne. 
C) increase epithelial cell turnover. 
D) prevent one from getting the flu. 
A) reduce skin wrinkles. 
B) treat acne. 
C) increase epithelial cell turnover. 
D) prevent one from getting the flu.

Question 17

___________ is a visual pigment that helps transform light energy into a nerve impulse sent to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) Retinoic acid 
B) Opsin 
C) Retinal 
D) Rhodopsin 
A) Retinoic acid 
B) Opsin 
C) Retinal 
D) Rhodopsin

Question 18

The actions of vitamin D do NOT include:

Accepted Answer

A) regulating thyroid hormone synthesis. 
B) stimulating intestinal calcium absorption. 
C) breaking down of bone to release calcium into the blood. 
D) increasing calcium reabsorption by the kidneys. 
A) regulating thyroid hormone synthesis. 
B) stimulating intestinal calcium absorption. 
C) breaking down of bone to release calcium into the blood. 
D) increasing calcium reabsorption by the kidneys.

Question 19

Which statement is true about the need for dietary supplements?

Accepted Answer

A) Women of child-bearing age need extra folate. 
B) Supplement use increases overall health in all populations. 
C) Vitamin A should be given in high doses to the elderly. 
D) Vegans usually need supplements of Vitamin A. 
A) Women of child-bearing age need extra folate. 
B) Supplement use increases overall health in all populations. 
C) Vitamin A should be given in high doses to the elderly. 
D) Vegans usually need supplements of Vitamin A.

Question 20

Vitamin A is stable EXCEPT when exposed to:

Accepted Answer

A) heat. 
B) light and oxygen. 
C) cold temperatures such as in a refrigerator. 
D) fat. 
A) heat. 
B) light and oxygen. 
C) cold temperatures such as in a refrigerator. 
D) fat.

Exam 9: The Fat-Soluble Vitamins

What is the purpose of retinol activity equivalents?

African Americans are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Beta-carotene is LEAST plentiful in which food?

Which statement about frozen foods is incorrect?

Vitamin D acts primarily in the:

The recommended intake of vitamin E is expressed in:

Long term use of antibiotics may result in vitamin K deficiency because:

Which vitamin has the best known role in cell differentiation?

Differentiation,or the process by which cells become more specialized,is most affected by which form of vitamin A?

Children in developing nations are most likely to develop deficiency symptoms associated with which vitamin?

The food that contains the most vitamin D is:

Which food contains the highest amount of vitamin E?

Vitamin A may be lacking in diets of people in North America because:

____________ is an anticoagulant that interferes with the action of vitamin K.

When vitamin A is deficient,all of the following occur EXCEPT:

Retin A and Acutane,derived from vitamin A,can do all of the following EXCEPT:

___________ is a visual pigment that helps transform light energy into a nerve impulse sent to the brain.

The actions of vitamin D do NOT include:

Which statement is true about the need for dietary supplements?

Vitamin A is stable EXCEPT when exposed to:

Nutrition: Food for Health

Nutrition Guidelines: Applying the Science of Nutrition

Digestion, absorption, and Metabolism

Carbohydrates: Sugars, starches, and Fiber

Lipids: Triglycerides, phospholipids, and Cholesterol

Proteins and Amino Acids

Energy Balance and Weight Management

The Water-Soluble Vitamins

Water and the Electrolytes

Major Minerals and Bone Health

The Trace Minerals

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition From Infancy to Adolescence

Nutrition and Aging: the Adult Years

Food Safety

World Hunger and Malnutrition

Focus On Alcohol

Focus On Eating Disorders

Focus On Phytochemicals

Focus on Nonvitamin/Nonmineral Supplements

Focus on Biotechnology

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